The document defines and provides examples of the eight basic parts of speech: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. It focuses particularly on nouns, describing the different types of nouns like common and proper nouns, plural and possessive nouns, collective nouns, and abstract nouns. Examples are provided to illustrate each part of speech. The document also distinguishes between transitive and intransitive verbs as well as linking verbs versus action verbs.

1. Parts of speech

2. ELA6C1 The student demonstrates understanding and control of the rules of the English language, realizing that usage involves the appropriate application of conventions and grammar in both written and spoken formats a. Identifies and uses the eight basic parts of speech and demonstrates that words can be different parts of speech within a sentence

3. A noun is a…. PERSON,PLACE, THING, or IDEA

4. Person: friend, parent, boy, Jane Place: home, city, backyard, Mcdonalds Thing: ball, homework, secret, Easter Idea: happiness, trouble, love

5. Common vs. Proper Common Nouns: Name general items Proper Nouns: Name specific things CommonProper coffee shop Starbucks jeans Levi’s country United States singer Justin Bieber

6. Abstract Nouns Nouns that you CANNOT : see, hear, smell, taste, or feel Bravery Love Trust Creativity Freedom Thought Education Communication Honesty

7. COLLECTIVE NOUNS Names groups composed of members Audience Family Department Team Class Committee Company Group

8. PLURAL NOUNS More than one Usually just add an “s” or an “es” more than one girl = girls more than one kiss = kisses more than one box = boxes more than one snake = snakes Irregular Plural forms: more than one goose = geese more than one child = children more than one mouse = mice

9. POSSESSIVE NOUNS Names who or what has something The captain’s voice The child’s mother My father’s car The baby’s bottle

10. My team won the championship game. A. Plural Noun B. Collective Noun

11. My sister’s hair is blonde now. A. Possessive Noun B. Plural Noun C. Collective Noun

12. I was happy about my new friendship with Susan. A. Plural Noun B. Collective Noun C. Abstract Noun

13. The women in my mother’s club are very nice. A. Collective Noun B. Plural Noun C. Possessive Noun

14. It took an hour to finish my homework assignments. A. Possessive Noun B. Collective Noun C. Plural Noun

15. We stopped by Taco Bell on the way home from practice. A. Collective Noun B. Proper Noun C. Common Noun

16. My mother appreciated my honesty when I admitted to breaking her vase. A. Possessive Noun B. Abstract Noun C. Collective Noun

17. ADJECTIVES Describes a noun Tells…. What kind?I found a RED rose. How many? THREEtickets, please. Which one? I would eat THESE muffins.

18. COMMON ADJECTIVES A simple, regular adjective Describes a noun in a general way sharp, flexible, hot, red, hidden, dripping, nice, huge, slow, hairy, beautiful, straight, crazy, smart, shy, nervous, loud….

19. SADBLUE CHILLY EMPTY OLD SWEET STRONG RICH

20. PROPER ADJECTIVES Derived from propernouns Usually capitalized Proper NounProper Adjective America Mexico England Mars American Mexican English Martian

21. Demonstrative adjectives Points out nouns Always answers the question which one? Singular Plural THIS THAT THESE THOSE

22. I saw a rabbit run under these bushes. Can you understand the plot of this book? I think those flowers are beautiful. That boy did well on this test.

23. VERBS Express actionor state of being

24. ACTION VERBS Show action -Can be actions you can’t see: thought, wanted -Time-telling verbs: Tell when something takes place Present tense: runs Past tense: ran Future tense: will run

25. TRANSITIVE Takes a direct object Transmits action to an object He sent the letter.  You lifted the bag.  I ate the pie.  Direct object receives the action (letter = direct object of sent) (bag receives the action of lifted) (pie receives the action of ate)

26. INTRANSITIVE Does not take an object Verbs that are ALWAYS intransitive: arrive, go, lie, sneeze, sit, die She sleeps too much. James went to the store. Glenda sits on the front porch. Nothing receives the action of the verbs

27. TRANSITIVE VS. INTRANSITIVE She sings every day. (no object = intransitive) She sings songs. (songs receives the action of sings = transitive) The boy eats candy. (candy receives the action of eats = transitive) The boy eats after dinner. (no object = intransitive)

28. The old woman struggled up the hill. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

29. The man bought flowers for his wife. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

30. The sun rose early this morning. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

31. At the end of the play, the entire cast dances across the stage. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

32. I eat mustard on my french fries instead of ketchup. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

33. Jack knew his hard work paid off when he received first prize. A. Transitive B. Intransitive

34. LINKING VERBS Do notexpress action Connects the subject of the verb to additional information about the subject. True Linking Verbs: Any form of be [am, is, are, was, were, has been, are being, might have been, etc.. ] become, and seem

35. Jane is an athlete. During the afternoon, my cats are content to nap on the couch. After drinking the old milk, John turned green. Mark feels sleepy after eating a big meal.

36. LINKING VS. ACTION If you can substitute am, is, or are & the sentence still makes sense, it is a linking verb If, after the substitution, the sentence makes no sense, it is an action verb Linking OR Action verbs: appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, smell, sound, taste, and turn

37. Sylvia tasted the spicy stew.  (Sylvia is the stew.) Tasted is a(n) action verb in this sentence. The stew tasted good.  (The stew is good.) Tasted is a(n) linking verb in this sentence. I smell the aroma of the stew.  (I am the aroma.) Smell is a(n) action verb in this sentence. The stew smells heavenly.  (The stew is heavenly.) Smells in a(n) linking verb in this sentence.

38. The ghost appeared in the doorway. A. Linking B. Action

39. My mother tasted the soup to make sure it was not too hot. A. Linking B. Action

40. Jenny looks at the pictures in the book. A. Linking B. Action

41. The gardener grew some flowers. A. Linking B. Action

42. The women grew silent when she saw the bear. A. Linking B. Action