This document provides an overview of different types of nouns including singular and plural nouns, compound nouns, concrete and abstract nouns, common and proper nouns, collective nouns, and possessive nouns. It also discusses verbs, adjectives, and articles. Examples are provided to illustrate the different parts of speech along with exercises for the reader to practice identifying and using nouns, verbs, adjectives, and articles.

1. Nouns P. 93
NOUN= A word that names a person, a place, a
thing (animals), or an idea.
Ex. Bob throws a football with great accuracy
at the park.

2. Practice: Write the following nouns under each category
autonomy Mexico rosettes hips
responsibilities hope raggedy shoes
canteen feet goblet Sally
cumulus nuns poverty mango
Esperanza sphinx street puberty
People Places Things Ideas

3. Types of Nouns
• Singular
• Plural
• Compound
• Concrete
• Abstract
• Common
• Proper
• Collective
• Possessive

4. Singular and Plural Nouns P. 93
• SINGULAR NOUNS= name one person, place, thing, or idea.
• PLURAL NOUNS= name more than one
person, place, thing, or idea.
– for most nouns add -s
– nouns ending in s, ch, sh, x, or z add –es
– nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant, change y to
i and add –es.
– for nouns ending with f or fe, change the f to v and add –
s or –es.
– irregular plurals
– nouns that do not change

5. Practice: Write the plural form of the following words
• leaf- leaves • letter ₋ letters
• dish- dishes • train ₋ trains
• watch- watches • creek ₋ creeks
• fly- flies • Glove ₋ Gloves
• wolf- wolves • chick ₋ chicks
• responsibility-responsibilities • leaf ₋ leaves
• foot- feet • shelf ₋ shelves
• street- streets • moose₋ moose

6. P. 95
Compound, Concrete, and Abstract Nouns
• COMPOUND= a noun made of two or more words.
o open: gray fox, press secretary, line of sight
o hyphenated: mother-in-law, tenth-grader
o closed: folksinger, headlight, postmaster
• CONCRETE= names an object that occupies space or
can be recognized by any of the senses
• ABSTRACT= names an idea, a quality, or a
characteristic

7. Common and Proper Nouns P. 96
COMMON= the general name of a person, place, thing, or idea
PROPER= the name of a particular person, place, thing, or idea
Practice: Write a proper name for each common noun
1. city ____________________
2. lake ____________________
3. day ____________________
4. athlete ____________________
5. restaurant ____________________
6. President ____________________
7. holiday ____________________
8. month ____________________
9. planet ____________________
10.actor ____________________

8. Collective Nouns P. 97
COLLECTIVE: singular in form but names a group
Practice: Identify each collective noun. Label it S if it’s
singular and P if it’s plural.
1. The decorating committee disagree about everything.
2. The couple in the film were Meg Ryan and Tom Hanks.
3. The mob is howling outside the gates of the embassy.
4. Ideally, a union represents all the workers.
5. Every night, the audience gives the play a standing
ovation.
6. We like to harmonize at out house, and the family sing all
the different parts.
7. In this story, an entire class decides to volunteer at a
homeless shelter.

9. Possessive Nouns P. 94
POSSESSIVE FORM: shows possession , ownership, or the
general relationship between two nouns.
• Add ’s (apostrophe s) to form the possessive of all singular
nouns.
• When a plural noun ends with an s or z sound, the
possessive may be formed by adding just an apostrophe.
EXAMPLE: the lids from the containers
the containers’ lids
• Add apostrophe and –s to form the possessive of a plural
noun that does not end in s.

10. Possessive Nouns
Practice: Write the possessive form.
1. the benefits of the company the company’s benefits
2. the spoons belong to the ladies the ladies’ spoons
3. the pay of the workers The workers’ pay
4. the music of Coldplay Coldplay’s music
5. the armies of Napoleon Napoleon’s armies

11. Verbs P.107-108
A word that expresses action or state of being and is
necessary to make a statement.
• Action Verbs
o Transitive: followed by a direct object (answers the
questions what or whom)
o Intransitive: not followed by a direct object
--Thomas Morris, an Australian athlete, once skipped rope from
Melbourne to Adelaide, Australia.
--Manuel, the head chef of the finest restaurant in the hotel,
baked fourteen different kinds of cakes for the wedding
reception.

12. P.108-109
• Linking Verbs does not show action. Links the subject with
a noun, pronoun, adjective. *Be in all its forms-
am, is, are, was, were- is the most commonly used.
Look Remain Seem Became
Stay Grow Appear Sound
Taste Smell Feel turn
• EXAMPLE: The players are ready. The salad tastes good.
• Auxiliary Verbs accompanies the main verb may express
time or emphasize meaning.
Forms of be Am, is, are, was, were, being, been
Forms of have Has, have, had, having
Other auxiliaries Can, could, do, does, did, may, might, shall, should,
Must, will, would
• EXAMPLE: We will need vegetables gardens.
I should be leaving.

13. Adjectives P.110-111
A word that modifies a noun or a pronoun by limiting
its meaning. An adjective tells what kind, which one, how
many, or how much.
Examples: red barn
interesting poem
these ideas
*Possessive (my, our, your, his, her, its, and their) and
demonstrative (this, that, these, and those) pronouns and
possessive nouns (‘s) can also serve as adjectives when they
modify nouns.
Examples: my kitten [possessive adjective]
those bicycles [demonstrative adj.]
Lucy’s report. *possessive noun acting as adj.+
leather shoes [noun acting as adj.]

14. P.112- 113
Adjectives P.110-111
Verbs can also serve as adjectives.
Examples: a spinning top
some burned toast
The adjective can be in various position depending on
the word it modifies.
• How suspenseful this movie is!
• The movie is suspenseful.
• The movie, relentlessly suspenseful, ended
suddenly.

15. P.112- 113
Adjectives P.110-111
Practice: identify the adjective and the word it modifies
1. The shrew is a small, ferocious mammal.
2. Delicate white curtains hung at the tall windows of
our old house.
3. Marcus was not paying close attention, and he fell
through the cracked ice on the lake.
4. In the empty house, dried flowers hung on the faded
yellow wall.
5. The flowers are amazingly beautiful in the bright sunlight.

16. Articles P.113
a, an, the
a, an= indefinite articles
They can refer to any noun (person, place, thing, or idea)
indefinite definite
Example: He found an IPod. He found the IPod.
Bryan gave Sandra a ring. Bryan gave Sandra the ring.
I have a used computer. I have the used computer.