Hunting and gathering societies were the earliest form of human society and subsisted by foraging for foods. Horticultural societies began cultivating fields using human and tool labor in either subsistence farming which only produced enough for families, or surplus farming for storage. Pastoral societies relied on herding domesticated animals. Agricultural societies used plows and irrigation, forming social classes and states. Industrial societies used machinery across specialized labor and organized exchange systems. Post-industrial societies are knowledge and service based with computer and information industries dominating the economy.

1. TYPES OF SOCIETIES
Lesson 4

2. Type of Human Societies Characteristics
1. Hunting and Gathering
Society
- The earliest form of human
society
- People survive by foraging for
vegetable foods, fishing, hunting
larger animals, and collecting
shellfish
- They subsisted from day to day
on whatever was available
- They used tools made of stones,
woods, and bones

3. Type of Human
Societies
Characteristics
2. Horticultural Society -People learned to use human muscle power and handheld
tools to cultivate fields.
-classified as subsistence farming and surplus farming
SUBSISTENCE FARMIMG:
-Involves only producing enough food to feed the group/family
- The settlements are small
- Form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock
raised is used to maintain the farmer and the farmer’s family
SURPLUS FARMING:
-Practiced in thickly populated and permanent settlements
- An agricultural production that exceeds the needs of the society
for which it is being produced, and may be stored for future
times.

4. Type of Human
Societies
Characteristics
3. Pastoral Societies - It relied on herding and the
domestication of animals for food and
clothing to satisfy the greater needs
of the group
- Most pastoralist were nomads who
followed their herds in a never-ending
quest for pasture and water
- It was organized along male-centered
kinship groups

5. Type of Human Societies Characteristics
4. Agricultural Societies - These societies were characterized by the
use of plow in farming
- Creation of the irrigation system and
provided farming enough surplus for the
community
- Ever-growing populations came together
in broad river valley system
- Social classes established, and the state
evolved.
*Land owners *peasants

6. Type of Human
Societies
Characteristics
5. Industrial Societies - It is characterized by more than just the use
of mechanical means of production
- It constitutes an entirely new form of society
that requires an immense, mobile diversity
specialized, high skilled and well coordinated
labor force.
- Creates a highly organized systems of
exchange between suppliers of raw materials
and industrial manufacturers.

7. Type of Human
Societies
Characteristics
6. Post-industrial
Societies
- The stage of development of society
where the economy is dominated by
services, science and education.
- It is characterized by the spread of
computer industries
- Knowledge and information are
hallmarks of this society

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF
HUMAN SOCIETY

9. • A society is relatively large
• A society sustains itself across
generations
• A society’s member share a culture
• A society occupies a territory