1. The document discusses three dimensions of language: the cultural dimension, which involves readers' cultural expectations; the paradigmatic dimension, which refers to lexical choices; and the syntagmatic dimension involving choices in syntax. 2. It provides examples of formal vs informal language, standard vs nonstandard words or dialects, general vs specific terminology, and in-group vs out-group jargon. 3. The reading assignment asks students to write two paragraphs describing their career goals for different audiences and preview the next chapter, with the instructor available for office hours and providing additional resources online.