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Lecture 1
Introduction to Quality
Quality Assurance in Hospital Management
Institute for Nile States Strategic Studies
and Researches
After this lecture, you should be able to understand:
◦ What is meant by Quality, Quality Assurance, Total Quality & why it’s
important and what are influences?
◦ Total Quality Core Principles.
◦ The Competitive Total Quality Infrastructure, Practices, and Tools.
◦ The Impact of Quality on Profitability
Lecture Objectives
What is meant by Quality, Quality
Assurance, Total Quality & why it’s
important
• Objective 1/4
3
“The first job we have is to turn out quality
merchandise that consumers will buy and keep
on buying. If we produce it efficiently and
economically, we will earn a profit, in which you
will share.”
- William Cooper Procter
The co-founder of
Procter & Gamble Co.
What is meant by Quality?
4
•Excellence!
•The totality of features and characteristics of a
product or service that bears on its ability to
satisfy given needs.
• Meeting or exceeding customer expectations.
What is Quality?
5
Is any action directed toward providing customers
with goods and services of appropriate quality.
Quality Assurance
6
Total Quality
People-focused management system
Focus on increasing customer satisfaction and
reducing costs
A systems approach that integrates
organizational functions and the entire supply
chain
Stresses learning and adaptation to change
based on the scientific method
7
Partening
Learning systems
Adaptability and speed of change
Environmental sustainability
Globalization
Knowledge focus
Customization and differentiation
Shifting demographics
Influences on Quality
8
Total Quality Core Principles
• Objective 2/4
9
Customer and stakeholder focus
Participation and teamwork
Process focus and continuous
improvement
Learning
Total Quality Core Principles
10
 Customer is principal judge of quality
 Organizations must first understand
customers’ needs and expectations in
order to meet and exceed them
 Organizations must build relationships with
customers
 Customers include employees and society
at large
Customer and Stakeholder Focus
11
 Employees know their jobs best and therefore,
how to improve them
 Management must develop the systems and
procedures that foster participation and
teamwork
 Teamwork and partnerships must exist both
horizontally and vertically
Participation and Teamwork
12
Enhancing value through new products and
services
Reducing errors, defects, waste, and costs
Increasing productivity and effectiveness
Improving responsiveness and cycle time
performance
Process Focus and Continuous
Improvement
13
Learning Cycle
Understanding why
changes are
successful
through feedback
between
practices and
results, which
leads to new
goals and
approaches
14
Learning Cycle
The Competitive Total Quality
Infrastructure, Practices, and
Tools
• Objective 3/4
15
Infrastructure, Practices, and Tools
16
Leadership Strategic HRM Process Data and information
Planning mgt. management
Performance Training
appraisal
Trend chartTools
Practices
Infrastructure
CRM
Is driven by customer wants and needs
Makes significant contribution to business
success
Matches organization’s unique resources with
opportunities
Is durable and lasting
Provides basis for further improvement
Provides direction and motivation
How is this Quality infrastructure
being Competitive?
17
The Impact of Quality on
Profitability
• Objective 4/4
18
Quality and Profitability
19
Improved quality
Higher perceived
value
Increased market
share
Higher
prices
Increased
revenues
Improved quality
of conformance
Lower service
costs
Higher profitability

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Lesson 1

  • 1. Lecture 1 Introduction to Quality Quality Assurance in Hospital Management Institute for Nile States Strategic Studies and Researches
  • 2. After this lecture, you should be able to understand: ◦ What is meant by Quality, Quality Assurance, Total Quality & why it’s important and what are influences? ◦ Total Quality Core Principles. ◦ The Competitive Total Quality Infrastructure, Practices, and Tools. ◦ The Impact of Quality on Profitability Lecture Objectives
  • 3. What is meant by Quality, Quality Assurance, Total Quality & why it’s important • Objective 1/4 3
  • 4. “The first job we have is to turn out quality merchandise that consumers will buy and keep on buying. If we produce it efficiently and economically, we will earn a profit, in which you will share.” - William Cooper Procter The co-founder of Procter & Gamble Co. What is meant by Quality? 4
  • 5. •Excellence! •The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy given needs. • Meeting or exceeding customer expectations. What is Quality? 5
  • 6. Is any action directed toward providing customers with goods and services of appropriate quality. Quality Assurance 6
  • 7. Total Quality People-focused management system Focus on increasing customer satisfaction and reducing costs A systems approach that integrates organizational functions and the entire supply chain Stresses learning and adaptation to change based on the scientific method 7
  • 8. Partening Learning systems Adaptability and speed of change Environmental sustainability Globalization Knowledge focus Customization and differentiation Shifting demographics Influences on Quality 8
  • 9. Total Quality Core Principles • Objective 2/4 9
  • 10. Customer and stakeholder focus Participation and teamwork Process focus and continuous improvement Learning Total Quality Core Principles 10
  • 11.  Customer is principal judge of quality  Organizations must first understand customers’ needs and expectations in order to meet and exceed them  Organizations must build relationships with customers  Customers include employees and society at large Customer and Stakeholder Focus 11
  • 12.  Employees know their jobs best and therefore, how to improve them  Management must develop the systems and procedures that foster participation and teamwork  Teamwork and partnerships must exist both horizontally and vertically Participation and Teamwork 12
  • 13. Enhancing value through new products and services Reducing errors, defects, waste, and costs Increasing productivity and effectiveness Improving responsiveness and cycle time performance Process Focus and Continuous Improvement 13
  • 14. Learning Cycle Understanding why changes are successful through feedback between practices and results, which leads to new goals and approaches 14 Learning Cycle
  • 15. The Competitive Total Quality Infrastructure, Practices, and Tools • Objective 3/4 15
  • 16. Infrastructure, Practices, and Tools 16 Leadership Strategic HRM Process Data and information Planning mgt. management Performance Training appraisal Trend chartTools Practices Infrastructure CRM
  • 17. Is driven by customer wants and needs Makes significant contribution to business success Matches organization’s unique resources with opportunities Is durable and lasting Provides basis for further improvement Provides direction and motivation How is this Quality infrastructure being Competitive? 17
  • 18. The Impact of Quality on Profitability • Objective 4/4 18
  • 19. Quality and Profitability 19 Improved quality Higher perceived value Increased market share Higher prices Increased revenues Improved quality of conformance Lower service costs Higher profitability

Editor's Notes

  1. The Quality can be identified as: Excellence The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bears on its ability to satisfy given needs. Meeting or exceeding customer expectations, and this is a Customer-Driven Quality approach.
  2. Here we come to understand what is the quality assurance, and simply it is any action directed toward providing customers with goods and services of appropriate quality.
  3. it is an integration of all functions of a business to achieve high quality of products through continuous improvement efforts of all employees. Total Quality Management revolves around the concept of meeting or exceeding customer expectation applied to the service. Achieving high quality is an ever changing, or continuous, process . It involves every aspect of the company: processes, environment and people. The whole workforce from the CEO to the line worker must be involved in a shared commitment to improving quality. Therefore, in brief, quality and total quality management (TQM) in particular can be defined as directing (managing) the whole (total) production process to produce an excellent (quality) product or service. A core definition of total quality management (TQM) describes a management approach to long–term success through customer satisfaction. In a TQM effort, all members of an organization participate in improving processes, products, services, and the culture in which they work.
  4. Contemporary Influences on Quality are: Parterning Learning systems Adaptability and speed of change Environmental sustainability Globalization Knowledge focus Customization and differentiation Shifting demographics
  5. Quality is grounded on Four core principles: Focus on customers Participation and teamwork Continuous improvement Learning These are supported by the organizational infrastructure that includes: customer relationship management, leadership and strategic planning, human resources management, process management, and data and information management, as well as a set of management practices and a set of tools and techniques.
  6. The first core principal judge of quality is the customer And in order to meet customer expectations and exceed them, organization should be able to understand their customers’ needs, through building good relationships with them. Customers can be consumers, internal customer (like employees) or external customers (at large perspective can be the society).
  7. The second core principal judge of quality is the team including employees and management: Your team can help your organization in significant way, so you need their participation in applying your quality process And who knows better how to improve the job than the employee who do this job, and of-course this comes after the management develop systems and procedures that foster participation and teamwork. In this way your organization can better serves customers, and creates trust and motivation.
  8. The third pillar of the quality is the process itself and the Continuous Improvement A process is just a sequence of activities that is intended to achieve some result. Your organization should continuously focus on improvements to: Enhance the value of the offered services. Reduce errors, defects, waste, and costs. Increase productivity and effectiveness. Improve responsiveness and cycle time performance.
  9. Finally, the improvements should not ignore “Learning” from practices and results As changes can be successful based on feedback and results of practices, which leads to new goals and approaches. And your organization should follow the learning cycle in order to maintain good results: Planning for the learning and feedback process Execution of plans Assessment of progress to evaluate your plan and process. Revision of plans based on assessment findings You may require to re-plan according to the findings.
  10. In order to maintain quality, your organization should apply practices and use tools to improve and take care of: Customer relationship management Leadership and strategic planning Human resources management Process management Data and information management We can take the “Human resources management ” For example, your organization needs to apply some practices like performance appraisal and staff training to make sure they’re qualified enough to serve the customer or patients with high quality service. And to apply for example the staff training practice you need some tools like “Trend chart” to identify the needed training: and this trend charts contain the changes that may affects on the workforce like: Technological innovation Consumer mind-set of patients Focus on quality and evidence-based medicine Security and privacy New healthcare professionals Information technology and decision support systems Globalization Demographic changes (aging, diversity) Prevention and disease management Patient safety
  11. This infrastructure is competitive as it is: Driven by customer wants and needs due to the Customer relationship management Makes significant contribution to business success as you’re concerned with Leadership and strategic planning Matches organization’s unique resources with opportunities by Human resources management good practices. Durable and lasting Provides basis for further improvement Provides direction and motivation
  12. As soon as your organization maintains High Quality services, the customers perceive higher value which increase your market share and let you ask for higher prices and this increases your organization revenues Higher revenues is translated into Higher profitability For more evidence, please check: General Accounting Office study of Baldrige Award applicants Baldrige stock study (see www.quality.nist.gov) Hendricks and Singhal study of quality award winners Performance results of Baldrige Award winners