The document discusses learning and development. It defines learning as the process of gaining knowledge and expertise that leads to change through experience. It also outlines three levels of learning - higher, middle, and lower. Some key principles of learning are employee motivation, recognition of individual differences, practice opportunities, reinforcement, knowledge of results, goals, schedules of learning, meaning of material, and transfer of learning. Potential impediments to effective training are uneven management commitment, inadequate spending, lack of skills in freshers, downsizing, and organized labor. Effective training requires adequate time, allocating major resources, contributing to competitive strategies, using a systematic approach, viewing learning as a fundamental value, and evaluating training effectiveness.

1. Learning & Development
Emmanuel Daniel
Faculty of Social Work

2. Definition of
Learning
 The process of gaining knowledge and expertise-
Malcolm Knowles

A process that leads to change, which occurs as a result
of experience and increases the potential of improved
performance and future learning- Susan Ambrose
Source- http://theelearningcoach.com/learning/10-definitions-learning/
09-06-2020 Learning and Development 2

3. Levels of
Learning
Higher
level
Middle
level
Lower
level
09-06-2020 Learning and Development 3
Source- Human Resource & Personnel Management by Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Ltd., Third Edition, Pg 189

4. Learning
Principles
09-06-2020 Learning and Development 4
Employee
motivation
Recognition of
individual
differences
Practice
opportunities
Reinforcement
Knowledge of
results
Goals
Schedules of
learning
Meaning of
material
Transfer of
learning
Source- Human Resource & Personnel Management by Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Ltd., Third Edition, Pg 189- 190

5. Impediments to
Effective
Training
 Uneven commitment of the management
 Inadequate spending on training
 Lack of Skills in freshers
 Downsizing
 Organized Labour
09-06-2020 Learning and Development 5
Source- Human Resource & Personnel Management by Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Ltd., Third Edition, Pg 193

6. Effective
Training  Adequate Time
 Allocate major resources
 Contribution to competitive strategies
 Systematic approach
 Learning as a fundamental value
 Evaluation on the effectiveness of training
09-06-2020 Learning and Development 6
Source- Human Resource & Personnel Management by Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Company Ltd., Third Edition, Pg 194