5 March 2010 (Friday) | 15:30 - 17:40 | http://citers2010.cite.hku.hk/abstract/76 | Prof. Ronghuai HUANG, Deputy Dean, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University

1. Innovation Adoption for K12
Teachers to use ICT in China
Prof Ronghuai HUANG & Dr. Xiuqin LIN
Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University
huangrh@bnu.edu.cn
http://ksei.bnu.edu.cn
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2. Current status of ICT in Education
in Mainland China
2
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3. Four stages of ICT in Education
in Mainland China
4
Building Competences
…
for ICT in Education
3
ICT infrastructure
construction
 2005~
2
Computer Aided  1998~
Instruction
1
Teaching Computer  1990s~
programming in K12
 1980s~
32
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4. Policy for ICT in Basic Education --
K12 School Link Program
 School Link Program launched by
MoE in 2000 for teaching, learning and
sharing resources in K12 schools of
China
 Since 2005, students in urban schools
have been able to go online.
 Schools in poor rural areas have been
connected to the Internet through China
Educational Broadband Satellite
(CEBSat).
 Up to 2010, over 90% of non-affiliated
K-12 schools are able to be connected
to the Internet.
5
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5. Key National Projects to Improve
ICT in K-12
• Modern Distanced Education Program in K-12 Education in
the West of China (MDEPKE West). As a Cooperative project
between MOE and Li Ka Shing Foundation ($10 Million
investment) was officially initiated on February 24th, 2001;
• EU-China Gansu Basic Education Program as a
cooperative initiative to alleviate rural poverty in western
China, launched in Sept. 2001.
• “Intel® Teach to the Future” teacher training Program,
launched by Intel Corporation. in 2000
• Program of National K-12 Teachers Qualification in ET
(TQET), which was initiated within the frame of National Union
of Teacher Education Networks in spring 2005 by MoE;
• PiL (Partner in Learning)supported by Microsoft from 2005. 9
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6. China
Snapshot
"Education is not the filling of a vessel, but the kindling of a flame.“
——Socrates
8
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7. ICT equipment in Education
Oversold and Underused? 21
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8. Are we the slaves of modern
technologies?
26
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9. Transforming
ways of teaching
and learning
Promoting ICT
in Education
 ......
 Infrastructure
 Digitalizing
resources
 Competences for
ICT in Education
31
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10. What are Characteristics of
Innovation Adoption for K12
Teachers to use ICT?
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11. Projects concerning Innovation
Adoption
 “Research into the new policies and strategies for ICT in
Education” 2008 2009
 Professional Development of K12 Teachers in rural area
of China funding by UNICEF 2006 2007
 Evaluation for the ‘Partners in Learning’ funded by
Chinese MOE and Microsoft (China) (2004~2008,
2009~2012)
11
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12. Some Terminology
 Innovation Adoption
 a process to use new ideas, new things, or new
methods.
 being different from “invention” and “creation”
 Innovation Adoption for Teacher to use ICT
 behavior or process for teacher to try and apply ICT
in practice of teaching. it includes two types:
 to promote teaching
 to promote learning
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13. Main Indicators to investigate
 Characteristics of teachers (Diversity)
 Briefs: value recognized, costs recognition, motivity
 Preference Prefer to helping students’ learning or how to teaching
 Training accepted: listening to lecture, research-based training, dairy
communication with colleagues
 Behaviors of using ICT
 Frequency, routine(dairy use)
 Support teaching, or helping to promote learning
 Barriers in using ICT
 Level 1 (External): Difficulties or conditions to use ICT in teaching such as
time limitation, equipment, technique skill, and technical support to provide.
 Level 2 (Subjective): Barrier concerning teachers’ own briefs, atmosphere and
culture at organizational level.
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14. Samples Areas School types
City 27% Primary 33.8%
County level 16% Junior high 45.8%
Township 57% Senior high 20.4%
 5530 effective Gender Subjects
samples Male 52% Chinese Language 24.0%
Female 48% Maths 21.8%
 Equipment over Foreign Language 14.4%
the average of Teaching Age 10-15 yrs 27.8%
nation’s 0-5 yrs 19.6% 15-20 yrs 17.4%
5-10 yrs 26.9% 20+ yrs 8.3%
Rates of classrooms with Computers to be used by
multimedia teacher
None 21.6% None 11.8%
Part of them 42.6% Sharing by 4+ 23.4%
All 35.8% Sharing by 2~3 12.5%
T1:1 52.3%
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15. The whole is on early stage
 Support to teaching >> Helping students’ learning
 Main Barrier is on Level 1 Some schools are on the 2nd Level
barrier.
 Most of teachers have positive belief to use ICT
 Avg of Value-Recognized is 4.1, Avg of Motivity is 3.6
 Avg of Cost-Recognition is only 3.0
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16. Differences in Group
 Gender difference: Male > female (Significant)
 Value-Recognized, more important in supporting teaching, and
more important to participate research
 Difference from Teaching Age
 Most active is on the teaching age of 5~10
 Difference from School Types: Primary School > Middle
School (Significant)
 Value-Recognized, Cost-Recognition, Dairy Communication,
and more important to help students’ learning.
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17. Clustering with 6 types teacher
 “K-Means Clustering”
 To identify different types of teacher, then provide
corresponding support strategy.
 Indicators to be clustered
 Beliefs
 Preference to use ICT
 Behaviors to use ICT
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18. 1 Early Recognition
✓Recognized ICT’s Value
✓Not using ICT yet
2 Prepare to Use
✓Trying to use ICT in teaching Cost-Recg
✓with high Value-Recg, Motivity,
Helping Std’ learning
Blf-to-Learn Val-Recg
3 Early Adoption
✓Using ICT to support teaching
✓with higher rankings in Beliefs
than that of “Prepare to use”
4 Skillful using ICT in teaching
Hlp-Learn Motivity
✓with high ranking Frequency of
Support Teaching
5 Role Conversion
✓with higher ranking in Helping
Learning Sup-Tch Total Feq.
6 Early Integration
✓with highest ranking for all
indicators
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19. Rates of teachers in 6 types
Rates
23.30% 22.00%
18.90%
14.00%
11.60%
10.20%
Early Prepare Early Skillful Role Early
Recognition to Use Adoption Using ICT Conversion Integration
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20. Barriers to Innovation Adoption
• Time • Guidance
• Support • Resources
• Guidance
• Resource
• Guidance 6. Early
• Time Integration
• Technique • Resources
training 5. Role
• Partner Conversion
• Equipment
• Equipment • Policy 4. Skillful
• Motivity Using ICT
• confidence 3. Early
Adoption rK12
2. Prepare tio n fo
to Use nA dop se ICT
v atio rs to u
1. Early Inno eache
Recognition t
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21. Conclusion & Suggestions
To understand barriers of teachers in using ICT, and deal with them in
diversity.
What to be changed: solutions to match true needs
 To increase motivity by make linkage to “New Curriculum Reform” and
assessment system.
 To provide software tools concerning subjects for students to use in classes.
Transformation environment: providing suitable condition for
transforming ways of learning and teaching
 Nation and Regional Level: equipping in rural area, reforming assessment system
 School Level Innovative Agent, Innovative Team, School-based Training
Professional Development of Teacher
 Guidance, Training how to promote learning via ICT
 Virtual Learning Community, Inter-school communication
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22. Your opinion
Thank you for your attention
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