Laser Scanning Technology in Civil Engineering, Another Innovation in Civil Engineering

1. LASER SCANNING TECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
Presented By
SURYA C.D
ME Construction Management
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2. CONTENTS
 Objectives 3
 Scope 4
 What is Laser Scanning ? 5
 Why is Laser Scanning ? 10
 Major applications in Civil Engineering 11
Case Study 19
 Disadvantages 24
 Conclusion 25
References 26
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SLIDE NUMBER

3. OBJECTIVES
 To reveal the applications of Laser Scanning Technology in Civil
Engineering construction Projects
 To reveal the benefits of using Laser Scanning technology in
construction field
To show the simple working of Laser Scanner.
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4. SCOPE
 Used mainly for 3D modeling, dam monitoring etc.
 Used in construction manufacturing plants, airports ,hospitals
bridges etc.
Increases speed and accuracy of plans, elevations, profiles, and
volume and area calculations.
Valuable tool for reduction of construction costs
Ensure fast & accurate data whenever required.
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5. What is Laser Scanner ?
LASER
SCANNER
Laser Unit
Rotating Unit
Control And
Recording
Unit
Ranging
Unit
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6.  Detailed 3D positioning of a structure can be made.
 Provide full FOV (Full field of view)
 Advanced timing technology
 Accurate enough up to 2 mm resolution
 Long range up to about 300 m with good reflective surfaces.
 Cannot be easily set up over a known point (heavy)
Characteristics
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7. Scanner Specifications
Speed-5000 points per second
360 degree field of view
Weighs-13 Kg to 15 Kg
340mm deep & 270 mm wide
Requires electric power to operate.
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8. Basic Concept
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9. Fig 1.1: 3d laser scanner
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10. Why Laser scanning ?
Higher project costs
Missed schedules
Operations & maintenance inefficiencies
and problems
Safety problems
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11. Applications
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12. 3D modeling
• Data Acquisition
• Data processing
• Modeling
Steps Involved:-
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13. STEP 1: Target the structure
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Fig. 3.1 Targeting bridge

14. STEP 2 : Point Clouding
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Fig.3.2 Point clouding

15. STEP 3 : Modeling / Meshing
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16. LST for Railway And track Survey
The Scanner is mounted on a rail vehicle
The Operator moves this vehicle over the
rail
Clearance analysis
• Vegetation ,signal signs, tunnels
Profile of alignment of rails is recorded.
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Fig.4.1 Scanner installed in rail vehicle

17.  Capturing the obstacles
near by track
Maintenance of track is carried out
 Ballast monitoring using mobile 3D
laser scanner
Under normal conditions, the 3D mobile laser scanner map
features such as signs, lights etc.
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Fig. 4.2.
Fig.4.3.

18. LST for Dam Monitoring
Monitoring –evaluating the structural safety of dams
Surface displacements are important quantities to be
determined
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Case study
Alto ceira is dam situated in portugal
Crack surveying and mapping -- major problems of dam
Cracks wider than 2 or 3mm are to be surveyed.
 The main challenge in dam monitoring – resolution of
images rather than metric quality

20.  3stations have been set up for the scanner
Perspective view of the dam is obtained
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21.  Processing and modeling is done by meshing
 Orto images were created
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22.  Vectorization using CAD software
 Association of CAD and DBMS
 Accurate model of dam with cracks is obtained and can be
then analyzed
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23. Other applications
Deformation monitoring
Distance measurement
Determine building maintenance requirements
Helps in determination of earthwork quantities
Used to measure bridge camber
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24. When scanning outside, vegetation such as trees pose a major
obstacle
Power stability is an issue for continuous usage.
Weather must be considered for outside scan.
Major Disadvantages
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25. Conclusion
Possibilities of laser scanning in civil engineering is limitless
Reliable technology
Gives high fidelity data
Enable Precise and accurate 3D model of any structure
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References
[1] Jocea Andreea Florinas,”3D spatial data acquisition and modeling of
Anghel saligney monument using terrestrial laser scanning” Vol
2(15),2012,pp.2-5
[2] A Bernini’s, “Terrestrial laser scanning-civil engineering applications” Vol
XXXVIII, Part 5,2010
[3] Pedro Arias and Higino Gonzalez, “Novel method to determine laser scanner
accuracy for applications in civil engineering “Vol XLII,No. 1,2012
[4] Arias, J Armesto, M solla “ Terrestrial laser scanning and non parametric
methods in masonry arches inspection” Vol XXXVIII,2010
[5] WIKIPEDIA,http//www.wikipedia.com//
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