Lasers convert electrical or chemical energy into light energy. There are several types of dental lasers including CO2 lasers (wavelength 10.6 μm) used for soft tissue procedures. Nd:YAG lasers (wavelength 1.06 μm) are similar to CO2 lasers but can penetrate deeper, risking collateral damage. Er:YAG lasers (wavelength 2.94 μm) are used for caries removal and cavity preparation while protecting the pulp due to low penetration. Argon lasers (wavelength 457-502 nm) are used for resin curing, bleaching, and soft tissue procedures. The wavelength determines tissue absorption and penetration depth, affecting the thermal effects on tissues.

1. PRESENTED BY
SUMITA

3. It is a device that converts electrical/chemical
energy into light energy
PROPERTIES OF LASER:
1. MONOCHROMATIC:
Characterized by radiation in which
all waves are of same wave length and
frequency.

4. 2.COLLIMATED:
All the emitted waves are parallel, and
beam of divergence is very low.
3.COHERENT:
All the waves going in one precise
direction.
4.EFFICENCY

8. 1.CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS:
WAVE LENGTH: 10.6 micro
meter
USES:
a. soft tissue incision
b. gingival troughing
c. aesthetic contouring of
Gingiva
d.Treatment of oral ulcers
Frenectomy , gingevectomy

9. 2.Nd :YAG LASERS
NEODYMIUM:YTTRIUM ALUMINIUMGARNET
WAVE LENGTH: 10.64 micrometer.
USES:
A . It is similar to the co2 lasers
b. It is used for removal of incipient caries but bcz of
depth of penetration there is greater risk of
collateral damage in comparison to co2

10. The wave length of the light is primary
determinant of the degree to which the
target material absorbs light.
The deeper the laser energy penetrates, the
more it scatters and distributes throughout
the tissue.
e.g: co2 laser penetrates0.01 – 0.03 mm into
the tissue , while nd : yag laser penetrates 2-
5mm.

11. <The light from dental lasers is absorbed and
converted to heat while the thermal effects
depend on the tissue composition and the
time the beam is focused on the target tissue
< the increase in temperature may cause the
tissue to change in structure and
composition.

12. 3. ErYAG LASERS
ERBIUM :YTTRIUM ALUMINIUM GARNET
WAVE LENGTH : 2.94 micrometer
USES:
a. caries removal
b. Cavity preparation
in both enamel and dentine
c. Preparation of root canals

13. ADVANTAGES OF ERBIUMYAG LASERS
a. It result in clean sharp margins in enamel
and dentine
b. The pulp is protected and safe as the depth
of energy penetration is negligible
c. Patients report little or no pain with the use
of erbium laser in cavity prep
d. Time taken for cavity preparation is short

14. DISADVANTAGE OF ERBIUMYAG LASER
A. cost
b. High additional training and education is
required to implement the procedure
c. Irradiation of sound enamel .

15. 4. ARGON LASERS:
WAVELENGTH :457-502nm
USES:
a. Resin curing
b. Tooth bleaching
c. Treatment of ulcers
d. Aesthetic gingival contouring
e. Frenectomy and gingvectomy

19. Wavelength: 904nm