PHilippine politics and governance module lesson 1

1. Department of Education-Region III
TARLAC CITY SCHOOLS DIVISION
Juan Luna St., Sto. Cristo, Tarlac City 2300
Email address: tarlac.city@deped.gov.ph/ Tel. No. (045) 470 - 8180
Philippine Politics
and Governance
Quarter 1: Week 1
Learning Activity Sheets
11

2. PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Grade 12
Name of Learner: ______________________________ Quarter 1: Week 1
Section: _____________________________________ Date: _____________
Politics
I. Background Information:
This subject will introduce you to the world of politics. It is dedicated primarily
to answer questions of what politics is. Why is politics important? The characteristics
and values of politics and what is the difference between government and governance.
Politics Explained
• Politics (from Greek: Πολιτικά, politiká, 'affairs of the cities') is the set of
activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power
relations between individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The
academic study of politics is referred to as political science.
• Politics is the way that people living in groups make decisions. Politics is about
making agreements between people so that they can live together in groups such as
tribes, cities, or countries.
• In large groups, such as countries, some people may spend a lot of their time
making such agreements. These people are called politicians.
• Politicians, and sometimes other people, may get together to form a
government. The study of politics in universities is called political science, political
studies, or public administration.
The concept of politics is rather complex as it includes:
a. The decision-making process aimed at creating and implementing laws and
norms within a country.
b. The act of governing a country or a community.
c. The act of controlling the country’s military apparatus.
d. The act of creating strategies aimed at improving the lives of all citizens.
e. The act of managing the country’s economic resources.
Politics from different perspective.
• Politics is a multifaceted word. It may be used in the context of a "political
solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science
of government’.
• A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's
own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making
laws, and exercising force, including warfare against adversaries.
• Politics is exercised on a wide range of social levels, from clans and tribes of
traditional societies, through modern local governments, companies and institutions
up to sovereign states, to the international level.
• In modern nation states, people often form political parties to represent their
ideas. Members of a party often agree to take the same position on many issues and

3. agree to support the same changes to law and the same leaders. An election is usually
a competition between different parties.
• In the view of Harold Lasswell, politics is "who gets what, when, how."
• For David Easton, it is about "the authoritative allocation of values for a
society."
• To Vladimir Lenin, "politics is the most concentrated expression of
economics."
• Bernard Crick argued that "politics is a distinctive form of rule whereby people
act together through institutionalized procedures to resolve differences, to conciliate
diverse interests and values and to make public policies in the pursuit of common
purposes."
• According to Adrian Leftwich: Politics comprises all the activities of co-
operation, negotiation and conflict within and between societies, whereby people go
about organizing the use, production or distribution of human, natural and other
resources in the course of the production and reproduction of their biological and social
life.
The Value of Politics
1. Politics Helps You to Know Your Rights
Politics has allowed us to see beyond our initial belief that we have no real say
in the running of our country. It has truly educated us on a fundamental part of our
society and has helped us to understand that if we engage in political processes, using
the pressure points built into the system, then every individual really does have the
opportunity to change the world.
2. Politics Clarifies What You Yourself Believe
Studying politics has given us the opportunity to discover our own political
beliefs and to see in much greater detail the benefits and disadvantages of the vast
array of political ideologies that are present in the world today. Being able to express
what you believe accurately and concisely is extremely useful and forces you to really
look at yourself!
3. Politics is a Living, Breathing Subject
In Politics, textbooks go out of date the day they are published. Why? Because
the political landscape changes every day, with new examples appearing constantly
in the media. Picking which examples to use in your answers to essay questions is
really exciting as something that has happened on the day you are taking your exams
can appear in your response!
4. Politics Helps You to Understand Our Nation's Parties
After just one term of this subject we will learn about democracy and our rights,
ideologies and party policies, the Constitution and Parliament. With the knowledge
gained from the classroom, we have been able to watch events unfold worldwide, have
seen our leaders' reactions to these events and have come to understand these
reactions as demonstrations of what we have learned.
5. Politics Prepares You for Adult Life
The world of politics really opens to teenagers after our eighteenth birthdays,
with the vote giving us the ability to change our nation and allow the principles we hold
dear to thrive. With this in mind, it could easily be said that Government and Politics is

4. the most applicable subject on offer at any school, and is a subject that people should
be encouraged to take due to nothing less than the way it prepares you for entering
the adult world.
The difference between Government and Governance.
Government and governance are two very similar words. People often get
confused about the differences between “governance” and “government.” Here we are
going to discuss the differences between these two related words.
Government
Government is a group of people who rule or run the administration of a country.
In other words, it may be said that a government is the body of representatives that
governs and controls the state at a given time. Government is the medium through
which the power of the state is employed. The government can also control people
and what happens in a country in other ways besides making laws.
Government may be of different types. It may be a democracy or autocracy, but
most of the modern governments are democratic. Here we are taking into
consideration the democratic ones in relation with the government.
A democratic government may be defined as that which has the public mandate
to run the affairs of the country with a well-defined term after which in the successive
term the same people may be elected again. The government may be labeled as good
or bad according to their ways of working for the good of the people. If a government
provides capable governance, then it has a chance of coming back into power again.
Governance
Governance is from the Greek words kybenan and kybernetes, meaning ‘to
steer’ and ‘pilot’ or ‘helmsman’. It is the process whereby ‘an organization or a society
steers itself, and the dynamics of communication and control are central to the
process’ (Rosenau and Durfee, 1995, p. 14).
Governance is the act of governing or ruling. It is the set of rules and laws
framed by the government that are to be implemented through the representatives of
the state. Simply put, governance is what governments do.
Governance is a concept that can be followed in an organization of any size,
be it a single cell or an organism or all of humanity. Governance may function variously
for profit or non-profit, for people, or itself. The main purpose of governance is to
assure good results following a set pattern of rules.
The difference between “government” and “governance” may be clarified using
an example of a business which is run by a group of people. The rules and regulations
which they follow in order to run the business successfully are called the management.
This involves the experience and the knowledge of the owners working together with
the employees to meet the set target. On a similar pattern, the government is a body
of elected representatives which is headed by a single person. This body makes use
of established rules and a principle to efficiently run the affairs of the country in favor
of the people of the nation is called governance.
II. Learning Competency: (TLE_HEHK9-12CA-lIG-H-4)
HUMSS_PG12-Ia1 1.1 The meaning of politics.
HUMSS_PG12-Ia-41.1 The value of Politics.

5. HUMSS_PG12-Ia-51.1 The difference between governance and
government.
III. Directions/ Instructions
ACTIVITY NO. 1. Identify the following terminology. Choose your answer
from the box on the list below. Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank
provided.
a. Concept of politics f. Harold Lasswell
b. Government g. kybenan and kybernetes
c. David Easton h. Governance
d. Tatsulok i. Politics Helps You to Know Your Rights
e. Democratic government j. Politics
_____ 1. Politics has allowed us to see beyond our initial belief that we have no real
say in the running of our country.
_____ 2. The decision-making process aimed at creating and implementing laws and
norms within a country.
_____ 3. It is exercised on a wide range of social levels, from clans and tribes of
traditional societies, through modern local governments, companies and institutions
up to sovereign states, to the international level.
_____ 4. It is what a government does.
_____ 5. Governance is the physical exercise of the polity while the ______________
is the body through which this is done.
_____ 6. Political Scientist that described Politics as "the authoritative allocation of
values for a society."
_____ 7. The title of the political song by Bamboo that in a way described Philippine
Politics.
_____ 8. Political Scientist that described Politics as "who gets what, when, how.”
_____ 9. The Greek words meaning ‘to steer’ and ‘pilot’ or ‘helmsman’.
_____10. It may be defined as that which has the public mandate to run the affairs of
the country with a well-defined term after which in the successive term the same
people may be elected again.
ACTIVITY NO. 2 Directions: Song Analysis. Listen and analyze the song TATSULOK by
Bamboo by answering the following questions.
1. How does the song TATSULOK defined Philippine Politics?
2. What is your political view on the present pandemic situation of our country relate it to the
song?
TATSULOK by Bamboo
Totoy bilisan mo, bilisan mo ang takbo
Ilagan ang mga bombang nakatutok sa ulo mo
Totoy tumalon ka, dumapa kung kailangan
At baka tamaan pa ng mga balang ligaw
Totoy makinig ka, wag kang magpa-gabi
Baka mapagkamalan ka’t humandusay dyan sa tabi
Totoy kumilos ka, baliktarin ang tatsulok
Tulad ng dukha, nailagay mo sa tuktok
Hindi pula’t dilaw tunay na magkalaban
Ang kulay at tatak ay di syang dahilan
Hangga’t marami ang lugmok sa kahirapan
At ang hustisya ay para lang sa mayaman

6. Totoy alam mo ba kung ano ang puno’t dulo
Ng di matapos-tapos na kaguluhang ito
Hindi pula’t dilaw tunay na magkalaban
Ang kulay at tatak ay di syang dahilan
Hangga’t marami ang lugmok sa kahirapan
At ang hustisya ay para lang sa mayaman
Habang may tatsulok at sila ang nasa tuktok
Di matatapos itong gulo
Iligtas ang hininga ng kay raming mga tao
At ang dating munting bukid, ngayo’y sementeryo
Habang may tatsulok at sila ang nasa tuktok
Di matatapos itong gulo
Hindi pula’t dilaw tunay na magkalaban
Ang kulay at tatak ay di syang dahilan
Hangga’t marami ang lugmok sa kahirapan
At ang hustisya ay para lang sa mayaman
Habang may tatsulok at sila ang nasa tuktok
Di matatapos itong gulo
ACTIVITY NO. 3
Direction: Complete the table below by Identify the difference between government and
governance. List down their distinctions in the table provided.
The differences between government and governance
Government Governance
1
2
3
4
5

7. Guide Questions
Direction: Read the following questions and answer on the space provided.
1. How politics helps you to know your rights?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Why politics is a living, breathing subject?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. How politics prepares you for adult life?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
III. Reflection
On a clean white short bond paper create a SLOGAN that will establish on what you have learn
about politics and how it can be applied in our daily life. SLOGAN shall be posted on facebook and
google classroom with your own school and subject hash tag (eg. #BPIS sakalam #PPGpolitics).
Voters don't decide issues,
they decide who will decide issues.
-George Will
Rubric for scoring
Rubrics for Essay
Criteria Description Points Points Obtain
Organization The concept was clearly and creatively
conveyed.
10
Content The concepts were clearly discussed. 5
Visual
Presentation
The idea was clearly presented based on the
words used.
5
Total:20

8. IV. References for learners
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics
https://www.open.edu/openlearn/nature-environment/environmental-studies/climate-change-
transitions-sustainability/content-section-3.2.1
http://www.differencebetween.net/language/words-language/difference-between-government-
and-governance/#ixzz6U3nfpWxQ
http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/politics/difference-between-politics-and-
political-science/
V. Answer Key
Prepared by:
ADONIS M. CAPULONG
Teacher I
Balibago Primero Integrated School
Activity
1
1.
A
2.
I
3.
J
4.
H
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B
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C
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D
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F
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G
10.
H
Activity
2
and
3
Guide
question
and
reflection
Answers
may
vary.
Rubrics
for
scoring
is
given.