Landforms associated with types of plate boundary
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This powerpoint includes the different type of landforms which are associated with each type of plate boundary (collision, subduction, conservative and constructive). It also includes an example for each type.
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1. Deltas form where rivers enter bodies of standing water, depositing large amounts of sediment. They are common features where large rivers meet the ocean.
2. Deltas consist of a delta plain, delta front, and prodelta. The delta plain is the subaerial region with distributary channels, the delta front is the shallow underwater region where mouth bars form, and the prodelta is the deepest region where fine sediments settle out.
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Metamorphic rocks
Definition, metamorphism.
limits and type of metamorphic agents.
Metamorphic processes.
Types of Metamorphism
Classification of metamorphic rocks and textures of metamorphic rocks
Mineral assemblages and Metamorphic grade and facies of metamorphic rocks.
Graphic representation of metamorphic mineral parageneses.
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Comprehensive powerpoint on features of Glacial Erosion.
Introduction to Glaciers and Ice, plucking, abrasion and freeze-thaw, followed by descriptions and photographs of:
Corries
Aretes
Pyramidal Peaks
U-Shaped Valleys
Hanging Valleys
Truncated Spurs
Ribbon Lakes
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A great landmass which was thought to be in the geological past, splitting into fragments drifting apart and again colliding into one another is called a supercontinent.1. VAALBARA -First ever made continent was Vaalbara which was 3.6 billion years old, it was named after kaapvaal and Pilbara which were the most ancient cratons present on that land mass. Kaapvaal is in Africa and Pilbara is in western Australia.2. UR- A supercontinent which was 3000 m.y.a and it was smaller than modern day Australia.3. KENORLAND- 2700 m.y.a famous events were HURONIAN GLACIATION. Also known as SNOWBALL EARTH.Responsible for formation of phytoplanktons.and VREDEFORT impact.4. COLUMBIA- Also called as NUNA . Period between Snowball Earth and subsequent Oxidation is called as THE BARREN BILLION.5. RODINIA- 1130 m.y.a.SECOND SNOWBALL EARTH.Also known as NEOPROTEROZOIC GLACIATION.6. PANNOTIA- 750 m.y.aThe formation of Pannotia was associated with the breakup of Rodinia into Proto- Gondwana and Proto-Laurasia. Two oceans were PANTHALSSA and Pan-African Ocean.7. PANGEA- One of the Youngest Supercontinent of all time , there are plenty of evidences of this Supercontinent. Like marine fossils from TETHYS OCEAN can be observed in Himalayas.
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Mountains
There are several types of mountains formed by different geological processes:
Dome mountains form when sedimentary rocks are warped upward into a circular shape. Fold mountains like the Himalayas result from tectonic plate collisions that cause land to be pushed up and folded. Fault-block mountains form when parts of cracked tectonic plates are pushed upward at faults. Volcanic mountains like Mount Etna are built up from layers of erupted lava and ash. Plateau mountains are revealed through erosion of flat-topped plateaus into distinct ridges.
landforms of earth
The document discusses different types of mountains and how they form. It describes fold mountains as forming from the compression and folding of sedimentary rock layers along converging tectonic plates. Block mountains form from the breaking up of large areas by faults, creating uplifted and dropped blocks. Volcanic mountains form at divergent and convergent plate boundaries and where stretching of the crust occurs within tectonic plates. It also discusses plains, plateaus, and specific examples of each landform type.
Coadstal Landforms
This document provides an overview of coastal landforms and the geomorphological processes that form them. It discusses the key forces that shape coastlines, including waves, tides, climate, and human impacts. Erosional landforms like cliffs, wave-cut platforms, sea caves and stacks are formed by hydraulic action, abrasion and other processes. Depositional landforms include beaches, bars, spits and tombolos that are built up by sediment movement. Examples of these landforms in India such as beaches in Puri and Mumbai are also outlined. The document concludes by emphasizing the variety of coastal landforms globally and importance of coastal geomorphology as a field of study.
Coastal Land form
This is represent about the coastal land form which are created from erosion and deposition. as well as it includes about coral land forms.
Marine Provinces
There are three major ocean provinces: continental margins along coastlines, deep ocean basins farther from land, and mid-ocean ridges which are submarine mountain ranges. Continental margins include continental shelves, slopes, and rises. Passive margins are tectonically inactive while active margins experience convergence at trenches. Turbidity currents erode submarine canyons and deposit sediments in fans on continental rises. Abyssal plains with fine sediments are adjacent to rises. Mid-ocean ridges are divergent plate boundaries marked by volcanic activity and hydrothermal vents.
Mountain building1
Mountain building occurs through various deformation processes depending on the forces involved. Folds form when flat rock layers are bent under compressional stress, creating structures like anticlines and synclines. Faults form when rocks fracture under tensional or compressional stresses, creating features like normal faults and thrust faults. Mountains are classified by the dominant deformation processes, such as folded mountains formed by folding and fault-block mountains formed by uplift along normal faults. Mountain building occurs at convergent plate boundaries through processes like subduction, which forms volcanic island arcs and deformed continental crust.
Faults
Faults occur along planes of weakness in the Earth's crust where displacement has taken place due to tectonic forces. There are three main types of faults - normal faults caused by tension, reverse faults caused by compression, and strike-slip faults caused by horizontal shear. Faults lead to different types of mountain formation, such as folded mountains from crustal compression, fault-block mountains from vertical movement along fault planes, and volcanic mountains from magma erupting at divergent boundaries.
LAndforms
The document discusses several key landforms and geographic features. It defines islands as areas of land not connected to a continent and surrounded by water, noting there are two main types - continental and oceanic islands. It also discusses peninsulas as areas of land surrounded by water on three sides, and mentions examples like Florida and the Arabian Peninsula. Additionally, it provides definitions and descriptions of bays, waterfalls, volcanoes, isthmuses, mountains, plateaus, and plains - outlining their key characteristics and formation.
Landforms_Change.pptx
The document discusses different types of landforms associated with plate tectonic activity, including forces inside and outside the Earth. It describes fold mountains as formed by the buckling of crust along plate boundaries. Oceanic trenches form deep under the sea at destructive boundaries where one plate subducts below another. Island arcs are chains of volcanic islands formed above subduction zones, where melting of the subducting plate fuels volcanism. Ocean ridges occur at divergent boundaries and are underwater mountain ranges built up by volcanic eruptions along spreading centers.
What happens when the plates meet
Mud pots and hot springs along the San Andreas Fault in California reveal new insights about the fault's structure and movement. Geologists have discovered that the fault is not a single clean fracture but is a complex network of smaller intersecting faults that split and rejoin. This finding helps explain why earthquake activity is broader than previously thought, with seismicity occurring miles away from the primary fault strand. It also suggests that stresses can build up over a wider area prior to a large earthquake on the fault.
Coastal land forms .erosional and depositional landforms
1) Coastal landforms are shaped by wave erosion and deposition. Waves erode cliffs and deposit sediment to form features like beaches, bars, and spits.
2) Erosional landforms include sea cliffs, arches, stacks, and caves which are carved out of rock by wave action. Depositional landforms are beaches, bars, barriers and hooks built up from sediment deposited by waves and currents.
3) Tides and currents influence coastal landforms by transporting sediment and changing the level and reach of wave energy along the shoreline.
Contonentaldrift
The document discusses continental drift and plate tectonics. It introduces Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift from 1912, which proposed that the continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea. Evidence that supported continental drift included matching coastline shapes, matching fossil and rock formations on separated continents, and mountain ranges formed perpendicular to the drift direction. Seafloor spreading provided further evidence as studies showed rocks were youngest at mid-ocean ridges and older further away, with matching magnetic patterns on either side. This led to the theory of tectonic plates, with ocean floors spreading at ridges and subducting at zones. Plate boundaries were classified as divergent, convergent, or transform.
5.1Movement of Rock Builds Mountains
Mountains form primarily along tectonic plate boundaries as a result of the movement and collisions of plates. Rocks found at mountain locations, such as Mt. Everest, contain evidence of this plate movement, including marine fossils from ancient oceans. Mountains grow taller as long as uplift rates exceed weathering and erosion rates. Over millions of years, weathering and erosion will eventually reduce tall mountain ranges to flattened hills unless uplift continues due to plate movements.
DIASTROPHISM - FOLDING FAULTING AND MORE
Diastrophism is the process of deformation of the Earth's crust which involves folding and faulting. Diastrophism can be considered part of geotectonics.
Coasts revision booklet
This document provides revision materials for the GCSE Geography Coasts topic. It includes links to online resources, practice exam questions, definitions of key terms, and descriptions of coastal landforms and case studies. It emphasizes understanding exam questions, revising key coastal processes and landforms, and practicing exam technique. Students are encouraged to use Miss Nash for additional revision help and after-school sessions.
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Landforms associated with types of plate boundary
- 1. Landforms associated with plate boundaries Praag Dogra
- 2. Collision plate boundary Also known as convergent or destructive boundaries They see the formation of fold mountains, anticlines and synclines (geosynclines) For example, on the Indo-Australian into the Eurasian plate
- 3. Subduction plate boundary Also known as convergent boundaries e.g. Nazca and S. American These also see the formation of fold mountains Also acid lava volcanoes Island arcs And Ocean trenches Accretionary prisms can also be found on an oceanic to oceanic convergence
- 4. Conservative plate boundary Also known as Strike-slip or transform faults They have medium sized mountains Also transform faults perpendicular to the main fault For example the San Andreas fault line
- 5. Constructive plate boundary Also known as divergent They see mid-ocean ridges Fissure type eruptions Transform faults too For example the Indian Mid-Ocean Ridge