This document discusses laboratory animals used in pharmacology experiments. It describes three categories of animals: rodents like mice and rats; non-rodents like rabbits, monkeys, dogs and cats; and miscellaneous animals like frogs and chickens. Key criteria for selecting animals are size, availability, sensitivity to drugs, and species-specific responses. Common experimental animals discussed are mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. Their uses, characteristics, and suitability for different types of experiments are outlined.

1. SUBJECT-PHARMACOLOGY
LABORATORY ANIMALS USED IN PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENT
Prepared By:
Miss.Wagh Akanksha
SY.D.Pharmacy
Enroll NO. -26
Guided By:
Mr.Chaudhari Amit.A
Assistant Professor
M.Pharm
Matoshri Institute of Pharmacy,Dhanore(Yeola),Nashik , A.Y-2022-23

2. EXPERIMENT NO-02
Aim -Study of laboratory animals
Laboratory animals laboratory animals are broadly divided into
three categories.
1. Rodents: Mice (mouse) ,Rat,Guinea pig, Gerbil,Hamster etc.
2. Non -Rodents-Rabbit, Monkey, Dog, Cat, pig,etc
3. Miscellaneous: Frog, Pigeon, Zebra, fish, chicken etc.

3. ANY OR EVERY ANIMALS IS NOT SUITABLE FOR
EXPERIMENTAL WORK THEIR BASE ON SELECTION
FOLLOWING CRITERIA
1. Size: smaller animals are preferred because they are easy to handle an
less quantity of drug required.
2. Availability :Animals which are commonly available should be selected,
e.g- frogs, rat, rabbit, dogs..
3. Sensitivity: Animals which are sensitive to drugs under trial e.g- guinea
pig is sensitive to effect of histamine
4. Species: In rabbits intracerebro ventricular injection 5_HT induces a
lowering of temperature, but in cat, it induces fever.

4. COMMON EXPERIMENTAL/LABORATORY
ANIMALS
1. Mice or Mouse (Must musculus)
 The swiss albino strain of mice is commonly
used experimental animals.
 They are smallest, cheap and easy to handle.
 Mice are also easy to breed and maintain.

5. EXPERIMENTAL USE
 Adult weight :20-25gm
 Age suitable for experiment:2 months
 They are sensitive to most of the drugs used in experimental pharmacology
 Mice are used extensively in toxicity ,assay of insulin, testing of analgesics,
CNS active drugs and chemotherapeutic agents.
 More recently mouse brain as well as primary cell culture of mouse spinal
cord neuron is used in neuropharmacology for studying neurotransmitters
receptors functions
 Mice use their tail to help in thermoregulation.

6. 2 Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
 Albino rat (Sub-group,Wistar and Sprague Dawley rat) is the
commonest laboratory animal used in experimental pharmacology.
 It suitable experimental because of small size and greater sensitivity
to most drug.
 It is small in size compared to other animals so drugs are required
in small quantity.
 Do not vomit due to strong sphincter between the stomach and
oesophagus and lack of vomiting centre ,so drug can be administers
orally.
 Gall bladder and tonsils are absent. Because of the absence gall
bladder in the rat there is continuous flow of bile into the intestine.

7. EXPERIMENTAL USE
 Adult weight :180-200 gm
 Age suitable for most of the experiment:1.5 month.
 Psycho pharmacological studies.
 Study of analysis of anticonvulsant.
 Chronic study on blood pressure.
 Gastric secretions studies.
 Acute an chronic toxicity studies .
 Tail of rat help in the thermo regulation.

8. NOTE
Baby Rats
 Baby rat has blunted and broad
large head relative to body
whereas.
 Baby rat have small ears .
 In the baby rat hind rat paw and
body ratio is large.
 Tail is thick and shorter than body
length in baby rat.
Baby Mice
 Mice have triangular ,small head
relative to body.
 Mice have large ears.
 In the baby mice hind paw and body
ratio is small.
 Mice have thin and larger or same
length tail as compared to body.

9. Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)
 It is vary docile animal and easy to raise and maintain.
 They are highly sensitivity to histamine and penicillin.
 They are also vary susceptible to tuberculosis and
anaphylactic shock.
 They require exogenous ascorbic acid in diet.

10. EXPERIMENTAL USE
 Adult weight :400-600
 Age suitable for experiment :3 months.
 Evaluation of bronchodilator.
 Anaphylactic and immunological studies.
 Study if histamine and antihistaminic.
 Bioassay of digitalis.
 Study of tuberculosis and ascorbic acid metabolism.
 Evaluation of local anaesthetics.

11. Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
 Rabbit are also docile animals with large ears.
 Usually, New Zealand white rabbits are use.
 They are generally use in pyrogen testing.
 The enzyme atropine esterase is present in rabbit liver and
plasma, so it can tolerate large dose belladonna (atropine).
 Cardio aortic nerve form a separate depressive nerve.
 Histamine causes increases blood pressure.

12. EXPERIMENTAL USE
 Adult weight :1.5-3.2 kg
 Age suitable for experiment:5.6 months.
 Pyrogen testing.
 Bio assay of antidibetics ,curare from drugs and sex hormone.
 Irritancy test.
 Screening of antitoxic agents teratogens.
 Study of miotic and mydriatics.
 Study of local anaesthetics .
 Ideal animal for pharmacokinetic studies.