The document discusses the metric system and SI units commonly used in biology like meters, liters, kilograms, degrees Celsius, and seconds. It then provides instructions for using micropipettes to measure and transfer small volumes of liquid in microliters for laboratory procedures involving setting up test tubes with colored solutions to create a color spectrum. The procedures include calculating final volumes and recording observations.
Post-lab 1- Myths in Science (10 pts)Read the remaining myths” .docxChantellPantoja184
Post-lab 1- Myths in Science (10 pts)
Read the remaining “myths” in the article, The Principle Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths, by W.F. McComas. Then, reflect on your own understanding of science both before and after having read the article. Do not exceed one full page, double spaced, but use as much room as is necessary to address the following topics: Identify some of the myths you had believed to be true and why you had those misconceptions. How did the clarifications in this article change how you view science? Were those changes for better or worse? What are some aspects of the scientific process that have become more confusing, or unclear, after reading this article? Does a more full understanding of the scientific process make you optimistic, pessimistic, or indifferent to the prospects of being a scientist?
1
Edited 8/26/15 Biology 111 Lab Page
LAB 2- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LAB TECHNIQUES
INTRODUCTION
This week’s lab will introduce you to three molecular biology techniques that you will use in future labs. During the course of this activity, you will be learning and practicing micropipetting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA gel electrophoresis. Each topic below provides, or refers you to, background information on the technique prior to the hands-on activity where you will learn the technique.
Learning Objectives:
1. Be able to properly select and utilize micropipettes for the manipulation of small volumes of liquid.
2. Be able to explain how PCR amplifies DNA and be able to perform a PCR protocol.
3. Understand how gel electrophoresis is able to separate DNA fragments, be able to pour an agarose gel, load samples, and interpret results.
Lab notebooks:
Look over the notebook guidelines posted in the general Lab Materials content folder. Begin this lab by writing a summary of the lab’s objectives.
I. Micropipettes
Pre-lab Introduction:
A micropipette is a kind of fancy eyedropper – one that comes in many different models and volume ranges. But while an eyedropper dispenses drops, micropipettes transfer microliters of fluid. Recall that ‘micro-’ is a prefix in the metric system which means “one-millionth” of the base unit (in this case, a liter, “L”). It may be easier for you to picture one milliliter (mL or ml) of water. If you mentally subdivide that milliliter of water into 1000 tiny equal-sized volumes, each volume is one microliter (abbreviated μL or μl). Watch the 2 pipetting videos posted in the lab 2 content folder (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-OPOYbeZP0 & https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NgosWmRjjAo) , then continue from here.
Micropipette Anatomy:
1. Examine the figures to the right to familiarize yourself with the anatomy of a micropipette.
2. Micropipette plungers have 3 positions:
a. Rest position- no pressure on plunger
b. First stop- position that will draw desired volume into tip
c. Second stop- position that will fully expel a sample from the tip
3. Pipette tips are pressed.
Metrology- Branch of science that deals with the scientific study of measurement
Types of system- Imperial and Metric
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presentation on Pipetts for Laboratory Technologist/Molecular Biologist/Microbiologist and researchers.
This is very basic lecture to understand the uses of the pipetts and their techniques.
so please review this lecture and enjoy
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Post-lab 1- Myths in Science (10 pts)Read the remaining myths” .docxChantellPantoja184
Post-lab 1- Myths in Science (10 pts)
Read the remaining “myths” in the article, The Principle Elements of the Nature of Science: Dispelling the Myths, by W.F. McComas. Then, reflect on your own understanding of science both before and after having read the article. Do not exceed one full page, double spaced, but use as much room as is necessary to address the following topics: Identify some of the myths you had believed to be true and why you had those misconceptions. How did the clarifications in this article change how you view science? Were those changes for better or worse? What are some aspects of the scientific process that have become more confusing, or unclear, after reading this article? Does a more full understanding of the scientific process make you optimistic, pessimistic, or indifferent to the prospects of being a scientist?
1
Edited 8/26/15 Biology 111 Lab Page
LAB 2- MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LAB TECHNIQUES
INTRODUCTION
This week’s lab will introduce you to three molecular biology techniques that you will use in future labs. During the course of this activity, you will be learning and practicing micropipetting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and DNA gel electrophoresis. Each topic below provides, or refers you to, background information on the technique prior to the hands-on activity where you will learn the technique.
Learning Objectives:
1. Be able to properly select and utilize micropipettes for the manipulation of small volumes of liquid.
2. Be able to explain how PCR amplifies DNA and be able to perform a PCR protocol.
3. Understand how gel electrophoresis is able to separate DNA fragments, be able to pour an agarose gel, load samples, and interpret results.
Lab notebooks:
Look over the notebook guidelines posted in the general Lab Materials content folder. Begin this lab by writing a summary of the lab’s objectives.
I. Micropipettes
Pre-lab Introduction:
A micropipette is a kind of fancy eyedropper – one that comes in many different models and volume ranges. But while an eyedropper dispenses drops, micropipettes transfer microliters of fluid. Recall that ‘micro-’ is a prefix in the metric system which means “one-millionth” of the base unit (in this case, a liter, “L”). It may be easier for you to picture one milliliter (mL or ml) of water. If you mentally subdivide that milliliter of water into 1000 tiny equal-sized volumes, each volume is one microliter (abbreviated μL or μl). Watch the 2 pipetting videos posted in the lab 2 content folder (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-OPOYbeZP0 & https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NgosWmRjjAo) , then continue from here.
Micropipette Anatomy:
1. Examine the figures to the right to familiarize yourself with the anatomy of a micropipette.
2. Micropipette plungers have 3 positions:
a. Rest position- no pressure on plunger
b. First stop- position that will draw desired volume into tip
c. Second stop- position that will fully expel a sample from the tip
3. Pipette tips are pressed.
Metrology- Branch of science that deals with the scientific study of measurement
Types of system- Imperial and Metric
Types of Imperial System- Avoirdupois and Apothecaries
presentation on Pipetts for Laboratory Technologist/Molecular Biologist/Microbiologist and researchers.
This is very basic lecture to understand the uses of the pipetts and their techniques.
so please review this lecture and enjoy
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. • Metric system – universal system of measurement used by all scientists
worldwide
• International system of units – also known as the SI system
• A version of the metric system used by scientists
• Metric units commonly used in biology:
• Meter (m) – basic unit of length
• Liter (L) – basic unit of volume
• Kilogram (kg) – basic unit of mass
• Degrees Celsius (C) – basic unit of temperature
• Seconds (s) – basic unit of time
3.
4. • Used to measure very small volumes of liquid
• Measure volume of liquid in microliter (μl)
8. How to draw liquid into the
micropipette:
1. Use appropriate tip for the micropipette you
are using
2. Press down on the plunger up to the
resistance. DO NOT GO PAST THE
REISTSANCE.
3. Insert tip into the fluid you want to withdraw.
4. Slowly lift your finger from the plunger, while
keeping the tip submerged in the liquid.
5. Remove micropipette from the liquid
It is important to follow these steps carefully to
prevent any air bubbles from forming and therefore
giving you faulty results
How to dispense liquid into new
container:
1. Place tip of micropipette into a new container.
Make sure the tip is touching the bottom or at
least the inside of the container.
2. Press down on the plunger, but this time go
past the resistance to ensure that you have
dispensed all the liquid in the tip
3. Press on the Tip Ejector button to eject the tip
into the appropriate waste container
It is important to follow these steps to prevent major
error and faulty results
10. • six test tubes
• 3 colored solutions:
• Red
• Blue
• Yellow
• Water
• Micropipette p1000
• Tips
11. • Setting up the 6 test tubes:
1. Label (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) the six tubes
at your station,
2. Put 2100 μL of red water solution into
test tube number I
3. Put 2300 μL of yellow water solution into
test tube number 3
4. Put 2500 μL of blue water solution into
test tube number 5
12. • Constructing color spectrum: Be sure to record your actions in Table II:
1. Take 500 μL from test tube number 1 and add it into test tube number 2.
2. Take 500 μL from test tube number 1 and add it into test tube number 6.
3. Take 500 μL from test tube number 3 and add it into test tube number 4
4. Take 500 μL from test tube number 3 and add it into test tube number 2
5. Take 500 μL from test tube number 5 and add it into test tube number 4
6. Take 500 μL from test tube number 5 and add it into test tube number 6
• Crunching the numbers
1. Calculate the total final volume of liquid in each tube.
2. Convert volume from μL to ml
3. Write color appeared in final solution
15. • six 1.5ml tubes
• 3 colored solutions:
• Red
• Blue
• Yellow
• Water
• Micropipette p100 & p10
• Tips
16. • Setting up the tubes:
1. Label (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) the six 1.5ml
size tubes at your station,
2. Put 25 μL of red water solution into test
tube number I
3. Put 30 μL of yellow water solution into
test tube number 3
4. Put 40 μL of blue water solution into
test tube number 5
17. • Constructing color spectrum: Be sure to record your actions in Table III:
1. Take 5 μL from test tube number 1 and add it into test tube number 2.
2. Take 5 μL from test tube number 1 and add it into test tube number 6.
3. Take 5 μL from test tube number 3 and add it into test tube number 4
4. Take 7 μL from test tube number 3 and add it into test tube number 2
5. Take 7 μL from test tube number 5 and add it into test tube number 4
6. Take 7 μL from test tube number 5 and add it into test tube number 6
• Crunching the numbers
1. Calculate the total final volume of liquid in each tube.
2. Convert volume from μL to ml
3. Write color appeared in final solution
18.
19.
20. • Solution = solute + solvent
• Solvent: substance in which the solute is dissolved in
• It is usually a liquid
• Water is the solvent, unless otherwise stated
• Solute:
• Substance that is dissolved in the solvent
21. • Percent of weight of solute in total weight of the solution
• Percent solution (%W/W) = Mass of solute (g) x 100
Mass of solution (g)
• Example: to make 100% (W/W) NaCl solution, you would weigh 100g of NaCl and dissolve it in
100g of solution
• Percent of weight of solution in the total volume of solution
• Percent solution (%W/V) = Mass of solute (g) x 100
Volume of solution (ml)
• Example: 4% (W/V) NaCl solution is 4g of NaCl in 100mL of solution
22. • Percent of volume of solute in the total volume of solution
• Percent solution (%V/V) = Volume of solute (ml) x 100
Volume of solution (ml)
• A 10% (V/V) ethanol solution is 10mL of ethanol in 100mL of solution
23. • Molar solution (M)
• M = Moles of solute = mol
Liters of solution L
• It is a solution that contains 1 mole of solute per liter of solution
• Mole is the number of gram molecular weight (gMW)
• For this reason, we can also say that:
• 1M = 1gMW solute
Liter of solution
24. • V1C1 = V2C2
• V = volume
• C = Concentration (%,M,N)
• V1 = volume of starting solution C1 = concentration of starting solution
• V2 = final volume of new solution C2 = final concentration of new solution
• Example: How much 12N HCl is needed to make 400ml of 2N solution?
• Use the formula: V1C1 = V2C2
V1 (12N) = (400ml) (2N)
V1 = 66.7ml