The document analyzes water quality parameters at the effluent treatment plant of Modinagar Paper Mills Ltd over several days in May 2016. Key parameters tested include pH, sludge volume index, mixed liquor suspended solids, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, and biochemical oxygen demand. pH levels were largely maintained within acceptable ranges. The biochemical oxygen demand was reduced by 95.78% between the inlet and final discharge, indicating highly effective treatment.

1. Modinagar Paper Mills Ltd.
Analysis of Effluent treatment plant
L Devender Nayak , Mani Prakash, Shakti Priyadarshi May'31, 2016
1. Determinationof pH value:
 The pH value in ETP section should be maintained in the rangeof 5.5-9.0.
(as per Central Pollution ControlBoard)
 DAF inlet and outlet should be maintained at pH value 7-8 becausethe
species of bacteria are mostactive in this pH range.
Procedure:
 pH test strips weretaken and weredipped in the sample.
 Color obtained was matched with the pH indicator chartand reading was
noted.
Observations:
SAMPLE
May'28, 2016 May'28, 2016 May'30, 2016 May'30, 2016 May'31, 2016 May'31, 2016
11.00 a.m. 12.00 p.m. 10.30 a.m. 11.30 a.m. 3.00 p.m. 4.00 p.m.
Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet
DAF 7 7 6.9 7 7.2 6.8 7.0 6.8 7 7 7.0 7.2
PST 7 6.5 7 6.7 6.8 6.5 6.8 6.5 7 6.8 7.2 6.5
AERATION A 6.5 8.5 6.7 8.2 6.5 8.3 6.5 8.5 6.8 8.1 6.5 8
AERATION B 8.5 9 8.2 8.7 8.3 8.6 8.5 8.8 8.1 8.3 8 9
SST 9 8 8.7 7.8 8.6 7.8 8.8 8 8.3 8 9 8
DMF 8 7.09 7.8 7.1 7.8 7.1 8 7.12 8 7.1 8 7.15

2. 2. Determinationof Sludge Volume:
 Sludge Volume Index(SVI) is an extremely usefulparameter to measure
in a wastewatertreatmentprocess.
 Itis defined as the volume (in ml) occupied by 1 g of activated sludge
after settling the aerated liquor for 30 minutes.
Procedure:
1000 ml mixed liquor aeration sample was taken and allowed to settle for 30
minutes .
Then settled volumewas measured and resultwas reported.
3. Determinationof MLSS :
 MLSS is the concentration of suspended solids in aeration tank during
activated sludgeprocess.
 Itensures that there is sufficientquantity of active biomass availableto
consumethe applied quantity of organic pollutant at any time.
Procedure:
 Ash less filter paper was kept in oven for 1 hour and then it was
weighed.
 100 ml of sample was taken and then filtered with this weighed paper.
 Filtered sample was kept in oven for 1 hour.
 Then sample was weighed and result of MLSS was reported.

3. 4. Determinationof DO :
 Itis the measureof the ability of water to sustain aquatic life.
 DO is essential for the maintenance of healthy lakes and river.
 Depletion of DO in water can encouragethe microbialreduction of
nitrate to nitrite and sulfate to sulfide.
Procedure:
 Sample was taken and was filled in BOD bottle with care so that no
bubble formation occurs.
 2 ml of MnSO4 followed by 2 ml of alkali azide was pipette out and mixed
in BOD bottle and then it was thoroughly mixed and kept as it is for 15
min.
 2ml of H2SO4 was mixed in the solution.
 Then 0.4 ml of starch solution was added and it was titrated against
sodiumthiosulphate till color changes to colorless.
Analysis of AerationTank
Parameters
May'28,
2016
May'28,
2016
May'30,
2016
May'30,
2016
May'31,
2016
May'31,
2016
11.00 a.m. 2.00 p.m. 10.30 a.m. 2.00 p.m. 9.00 a.m. 12.30 p.m.
Aeration
B
Aeration
B Aeration B
Aeration
B Aeration B Aeration B
SV 310 300 300 290 310 310
MLSS 4350 4200 4140 4340 4280 4230
DO 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2

4. 5. Determinationof TSS:
Procedure:
 Ash less filter paper was kept in oven for 1 hour and then it was
weighed.
 100 ml of sample was taken and then filtered with this weighed paper.
 Filtered sample was kept in oven for 1 hour
 Then sample was weighed and result of TSS was reported.
6. Determinationof TDS :
Itwas measured through TDS meter.A TDS meter indicates the Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) of a solution,i.e.,theconcentration of dissolved solid particles.A
TDS meter typically displays the TDS in parts per million (ppm).
PARAMETERS
May'28, 2016 May'30, 2016 May'31, 2016
11.30 a.m. 11.30 a.m. 11.00 a.m.
Discharge Inlet(DAF) Outlet(DAF) Inlet(DAF) Outlet(DAF)
TSS 90 2360 520 3700 420
TDS 1610 3810 3810 3660 3600
7. Determinationof COD:
 COD determine the amountof oxygen required for chemical oxidation of
organic matter using a strong chemical oxidant, such as potassium
dichromateunder refluxcondition .

5.  This method is applicable for measurementof organic load in water and
wastewater.
Procedure:
 3 blank cylinders weretaken and marked as blank , inlet and outlet.
 0.5,5,0 mlof sample wereadded in inlet , outlet and blank cylinders
respectively and correspondingly distilled water was added in each
cylinders such that total volume remains 10 ml.
 5ml of K2Cr2O7 followed by 15 ml of H2SO4 , 0.04g of HgSO4 ,0.02 g of
silver sulphate wereadded in each.
 All three werekept in COD digestion unit for 2 hrs which is set at 165 o
C
 Then they werecooled and 30 ml of distilled water was added followed
by ferroin indicator and titrated againstferrous ammoniumsulphate
until color changes to pink.
Parameters
May'30, 2016 May'31, 2016
10.30 a.m. 3:00 p.m.
Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet
COD 4160 270 6080 288

6. Difference inBOD of DAF inlet andFinal Discharge:
BOD of DAF inlet: 570 mg/l
BOD of Final Discharge: 24 mg/l
% reduction of BOD: (570-24)*100/570 =95.78%
Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the most common chemical parameter of water
quality measurement and is of the most important since it indicates the likely
effects of pollution. When biodegradable organic matter in waste is released into
a water body, microorganisms feed on the wastes, breaking it down to simpler
organic and inorganic substances. In an aerobic environment it produces stable
end products (carbon dioxide, sulfate, phosphate and nitrate) and in the process
decreases the dissolved oxygen content of water.
Organic matter + O2
+ Bacteria → CO2
+ H2
O + New cells + Stable Products