The city of Kolkata was originally three villages named Sutanuti, Govindapur, and Kalikata. The British established a trading post in Kalikata in 1690, marking the founding of the city. Over time, Kolkata grew from these villages and became the capital of British India in 1773. The city continued to expand in the 1800s and early 1900s, adding new areas to the east and south as the population increased. In 2007, the New Town Kolkata Development Authority was established to develop Rajarhat New Town as a satellite city to help accommodate Kolkata's growing population and act as a new commercial and residential center. The new town was planned with modern infrastructure and
Kolkata past and present -Rajorshi Chatterjee_SPA_Delhi_Urban planningRAJORSHI CHATTERJEE
A brief discussion on Calcutta and its city growth. The city extended manifold after the Colonial rule, which defines the urban character and built fabric of the city. At the same point of time we need proper planning insights to this city for its future growth and development.
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Local policies and strategies designed to deal with urban decline, decay or transformation are termed as urban renewal.
It is a comprehensive and integrated vision and action which leads to the resolution of urban problems and which seeks to bring about a lasting improvement in the economic, physical, social and environmental conditions of an area that has been subject to change’
With the decision and authority of a governing municipality, rearranging land use, function and ownership features of a socially, economically or structurally decayed part of a certain city .
such as slum zones or brown fields, for the purpose of obtaining a desired, well organized neighbourhood.
Kolkata past and present -Rajorshi Chatterjee_SPA_Delhi_Urban planningRAJORSHI CHATTERJEE
A brief discussion on Calcutta and its city growth. The city extended manifold after the Colonial rule, which defines the urban character and built fabric of the city. At the same point of time we need proper planning insights to this city for its future growth and development.
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Local policies and strategies designed to deal with urban decline, decay or transformation are termed as urban renewal.
It is a comprehensive and integrated vision and action which leads to the resolution of urban problems and which seeks to bring about a lasting improvement in the economic, physical, social and environmental conditions of an area that has been subject to change’
With the decision and authority of a governing municipality, rearranging land use, function and ownership features of a socially, economically or structurally decayed part of a certain city .
such as slum zones or brown fields, for the purpose of obtaining a desired, well organized neighbourhood.
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
Sabarmati riverfront case study for development of yamuna riverfront agradeeksha sharma
the
the Sabarmati riverfront ahmedabad is a huge successful project. this presentation is about the case study of that riverfront to take the features similar to the the Yamuna riverfront Agra for urban design development project.
Paper looks at the history and geography of Chandigarh in terms of its conceptualization, planning, designing,growth and development besides looking at the issues and options which the city has to overcome emerging problems. Paper is based on earlier papers loaded on Chandigarh
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
Chennai the fourth largest metropolis in India. Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) extends over 1189 sq.km.and comprises of
Chennai Corporation,
16 Municipalities,
20 Town Panchayats and
214 villages covered in 10 Panchayats Unions
It encompasses the Chennai District (176 sq.km.), part of Thiruvallur District (637 sq.km.) and a part of Kancheepuram District (376 sq.km.).
Sabarmati riverfront case study for development of yamuna riverfront agradeeksha sharma
the
the Sabarmati riverfront ahmedabad is a huge successful project. this presentation is about the case study of that riverfront to take the features similar to the the Yamuna riverfront Agra for urban design development project.
Paper looks at the history and geography of Chandigarh in terms of its conceptualization, planning, designing,growth and development besides looking at the issues and options which the city has to overcome emerging problems. Paper is based on earlier papers loaded on Chandigarh
PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER – A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH CITYYash Shah
The city has a pre-historic past. The gently sloping plains on which modern Chandigarh exists, was in the ancient past, a wide lake ringed by a marsh. The fossil remains found at the site indicate a large variety of aquatic and amphibian life, which was supported by that environment. About 8000 years ago the area was also known to be a home to the Harappans. Since the medieval through modern era, the area was part of the large and prosperous Punjab Province which was divided into East & West Punjab during partition of the country in 1947. The city was conceived not only to serve as the capital of East Punjab, but also to resettle thousands of refugees who had been uprooted from West Punjab. In March, 1948, the Government of Punjab, in consultation with the Government of India, approved the area of the foothills of the Shivaliks as the site for the new capital. The location of the city site was a part of the erstwhile Ambala district as per the 1892-93 gazetteer of District Ambala. The foundation stone of the city was laid in 1952. Subsequently, at the time of reorganization of the state on 01.11.1966 into Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pardesh, the city assumed the unique distinction of being the capital city of both, Punjab and Haryana while it itself was declared as a Union Territory and under the direct control of the Central Government.
The Union Territory of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of the Shivalik hill ranges in the north, which form a part of the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. It is occupied by Kandi (Bhabhar) in the north east and Sirowal (Tarai) and alluvial plains in the remaining part. The subsurface formation comprises of beds of boulders, pebbles, gravel, sand, silt, clays and some kankar. The area is drained by two seasonal rivulets viz. Sukhna Choe in the east and Patiala-Ki-Rao Choe in the west. The central part forms a surface water divide and has two minor streams.
Chandigarh remains grossly misunderstood and appreciated with entire credit of city planning and development given to Le- Corbusier and his team. In the process, enormous work done by the first team of Architects ( led by Albert Mayer and Ar. Methew Nowiscki ) engaged for the planning and development of Chandigarh, remains unknown, unrecognised, diluted and marginalised. Basic concept of city planning, besides defining the framework for locating the four major components of the city- Capitol, City Centre, University and Industrial areas was all done by the first team including preparing the master plan super-block, city centre, capitol etc. Second plan prepared by Corbusier is primarily and essentially was based on the first master plans because second plan was prepared merely in 96 hours by Le- Corbusier. First plans had its positivity and uniqueness, which would have made Chandigarh a different city from what it is today. It makes a interesting study to compare two master plans to visualise the shape and function of the city had the first master plan was implemented. Looking at the present context, Could you ever think of city beautiful Chandigarh, being a leaf shaped city, with all curved and radial roads, planned as a traditional Indian city with bustling bazaars, without wonderful Sukhna lake, having no sector, without ceremonial Jan Marg, without bustling Madhya Marg and without vibrant shopping streets V4 with Sukhna choe lost in the haze and glory of Capitol complex. This would have been a distinct reality, had the first master plan prepared by Albert Mayer would have been implemented to make the capital city a reality. Historically looking, Chandigarh remains the product and synthesis of two distinct but diametrically different master plans (in thought, approach, intent, content, planning and architecture), prepared for the city by the American and French architects. First plan shows clearly the influence of principles and pattern of American planning with basic residential unit defined by Superblock, whereas Corbu plan has genesis in French approach to city planning based on the ideology of CIAM.
This material includes important residential areas of Chittagong City, Bangladesh such as Chandgaon, Nasirabd Housing, Panchlaish, Sugandha, Halishahar Residential Area and more residential areas.
This presentation describes the remittance and development correlationship. It also provide some information about the remittance data sources and present Remittance flow trends.
This slide discusses about the core-periphery model given by John Friedmann. This model is basically a model of regional Development. You will able to learn about the core-periphery model very easily by this slide.
I have discussed about the green revolution in india very briefly in this slideshow. This will give you a basic understanding about green revolution in india. If you want it in details please comment.
Ecotourism: A brief study of Tripura stateMihir Adhikary
In this slide I have discussed about the features, principles,impacts of ecotourism with special reference of the state Tripura. Here I have provided some detailed information about the tourist Destinations of Tripura which are related with Eco-tourism.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2. The word Kolkata derives from the Bengali
term Kolikata (Bengali: কলিকাতা) the name of one of three villages where
the city eventually was to be established; the other two villages
were Sutanuti and Govindapur.
The term Kolikata is thought to be a variation
of Kalikkhetro (Bengali: কালীক্ষেত্র), meaning "Field of Kali [the
goddess] ". Similarly, it can be a variation of 'Kalikshetra' (Sanskrit:
कालीक्षेत्र) means the "area of Goddess Kali”.
Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River approximately 75
kilometers west of the border with Bangladesh
It is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational center of East
India, while the Port of Kolkata is India's oldest operating.
Introduction
The city is widely regarded as the "cultural capital" of India, and is also
nicknamed the "City of Joy“.
3. Before Calcutta, there were at least five other capitals or urban
centers in Bengal at different times : Gour, Rajmahal, Dhaka,
Nadia and of course, Murshidabad, the seat of the last Nawabs of
Bengal. Calcutta can thus be considered as the sixth capital of the
province of Bengal.
Three villages existed before the existence of the city, they are:
Sutanuti Hat (cotton or yarn market) , Govindapur (named after
the Seth’s deity Gobindaji or Lord Krishna) and Kalikata.
The foundation of Calcutta may therefore be traced back to Job
Charnock’s landing on 24th August 1690.
It seems the pattern of Calcutta's development was chaotic from
the inception of the city. Planned settlement was not a priority for
either the foreign traders or their native associates and
beneficiaries: they viewed the city solely as a place for commercial
gain by the quickest means.
Chronology of Kolkata
Before 1690
4. 1690- In Kalikata the British found a convenient site for settlement.
Sutanuti, to its north, was bounded by the river on the west, the
Chitpur Creek to the north, and the rough line of the present Central
Avenue and Lalbazar to the east and south respectively. Gobindapur,
further south, is now occupied by FortWilliam and the Maidan.
THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OLD CALCUTTA :
1696 – The original Fort William was built, the present day Fort-
William was built futher south in 1757.
1757- Major Step: To Shift The Bengalis From The Area Around The
Present Dalhousie Square To Further North Because Of The Strategic
Location to BuildThe Fort ForTheir Security.
Development of churches and Ghats started , Maratha Ditch was dug.
The English portion of Calcutta was only confined to the old Fort
William area (present day B.B.D Bag)
1757- 85 - Development of areas – Chowrangi, Baliganj, Tollyganj,
Garden Reach and Chipur.
Chronology of Kolkata
Figure shows the chronological development of the city
5. 1785-99 :The Ditch was never completed which was excavated to meet
the river, and was partly filled up in 1799 to create the Circular Road.
The area contained within the arch was the original town of Calcutta.
1800-1921:The area, which is south of the Maratha ditch, was full of
ponds and ditches and spreads of jungles. In the southern part it was
mostly the Englishmen and the rich businessmen who started
building up houses.The only directions for Calcutta's growth were
east and south. North was already congested and west was the river.
The capital got shifted in 1912 A.D,
and soon the British government
set up the Improvement trust for
the settlement of living condition
in the city.
Chronology of Kolkata
Figure shows the densification of the city Figure shows the chronological development of the city
After 1921, many new areas were
added to the eastern side of the
city and the old set up was tried to
transform into a new model.
6. Kolkata City Planning
Privately many may think that Calcutta and Planning look like a mismatch. But Partho Datta's recent
book on Calcutta's planning tries to prove that “colonial Calcutta had not only been planned, it had been
severely planned. The ignorance has arisen because the history of Calcutta planning was not written
about before”.
Calcutta being the first capital of British India, was thick in the process of development. After the Battle
of Plassey with the laying out of Maidan around Fort William, the British entrenched themselves with the
local administration.
Having been elevated from merchants to rulers, their immediate concern was to provide wide roads for
easy movement of their army, establishment of commercial interests wherever possible and attending
to the urgent needs of fire control and prevention of epidemics in their seat of power i.e.Calcutta.
With these goals in mind, Governor General Lord Wellesley (1798-1805) began the planning process with
his prescriptive ‘Minute on Calcutta' in 1803
7. Rajarhat New town planning
New Town Kolkata is a planned newly developed
satellite city on the north-eastern fringes of Kolkata.
The city is 10 years old, being born with the
enactment of the NKDA Act in 2007. It provides the
best in class urban infrastructure facility and
government service delivery to its citizens while
preserving the cultural heritage of West Bengal. Over
the last 10 years, the city has already achieved world
class basic / core infrastructure facilities.
The New Town has been also declared as a solar city
by the previous UPA Government at the centre and
now the initiatives are being taken to declare this city
as smart green city, a dream project of Narendra Modi
(Prime Minister of India) with the help of Mamata
Benerjee (Chief minister ofW.B)
8. Background
The West Bengal Housing Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd. (WBHIDCO), a wholly owned
Govt. Company set up by the Govt. of West Bengal in 1999 is developing a New Town, very close to the
City of Kolkata.
In order to bring about organized development in these surroundings as well as to cater to the pressure
of development in the New Town area, adjoining 45 Mouzas had been notified to be included in the
NewTown Planning Area (NTPA).
In the pace of rapid urbanization and growing demand for housing and commercial spaces, the New
Town, Kolkata was created in the eastern outskirts of Kolkata to serve the dual purposes of:
Establishing new business centre to reduce the mounting pressure on the existing Central
Business Districts (CBD) and
Increasing housing stock supply by creating new residential units.
The New Town Kolkata Development Authority has been constituted under The New Town Kolkata
Development Authority Act, 2007 for rendering various civic services and amenities within New Town,
Kolkata and it has come into effect since November, 2008
9. Every new city built or planned should have aVision for which the project aims for.TheVision of
WBHIDCO for the New Town Planning Area (NTPA) is therefore “Preparation of LUDCP to guide a
planned development in the adjoining Area of New town”.
Objectives of the LUDCP for NewTown Planning Area
The primary objectives for preparing this LUDCP are as follows:
a. To coordinate land resources and economy with land use planning
b. To achieve balanced development of the related areas
c. To minimize the pressure of development within New Town taking into account an overall
inclusive economic growth
d. To generate new areas for absorbing future metropolitan growth by controlling development in
areas adjoining NewTown, Kolkata
e. To prevent unplanned growth of settlements in the presently vacant areas by guiding planned
infrastructure facilities for sustaining the residential & business activities and other facilities
f. To reserve new areas for setting up regional level centers of community facilities in the form of
business districts
g. To provide an environment friendly and aesthetically attractive new urban settlement
10. Rules of business was changed in 1997, entrusting Housing Department for development of Rajarhat
township comprising Rajarhat Police Station of North 24‐Pgs and erstwhile Bhangar Police Station
of South 24‐Parganas) Series of studies were made and reports from experts including
environment clearance on the Environment ImpactAssessment were obtained.
With the objective of developing an eco‐friendly green dotted New Town, it was designed to develop
the area in different phases.The area was initially divided into three Action Areas.
Development of the township
Figure shows the action
areas of New town
Figure shows the Action areas of New town
11. Environment FriendlyTownship:
Large Open Space, greeneries and water bodies: 50 % o
f the project area is left open for roads, drains, greeneri
es, water bodies etc. Total recorded water bodies in Ne
w Town project area was around 109 hectares. The aut
hority has already created 113 hectares of water bodies.
Around 251 hectares of water bodies are planned to be
created in New town. Land area developed 2388 Ha an
d Water supply, sewerage & drainage works have been
entrusted to PHE Department of Govt. of West Bengal .
Some activities under the plan
12. Roads and bridges: The Infrastructures which
have already developed-
6‐lane Bridge over Krisnpapur Canal
Major Arterial Road of 59 meters width and 10.75 K
m long,
2nd bridge over Bagjola canal on North –
South Corridor
Fly over on the MAR andVIP Road junction,
Bailey bridge over Bagjola canal
Three small bridges over link canal.
Bridge over pass Khal at Mission Bazar.
Fly over on MAR in Action Area –I
13. The Rajarhat New Town has been
planned in a way and for the propose
of formulating the general proposals
of the land use and Land Use and
Development Control Plan (LUDCP)
indicates broadly the manner in which
the land is proposed to be used
.The planning area of the Town has
been planned to develop as an
environment friendly city. More than
10% of the Town planning area will
remain permanently open in the
form of green areas, and open space.
Table shows the Proposed land use pattern
Proposed land use pattern of NTPA
15. From the table and figure it is clear
that the uses of land use pattern of
Rajarhat New Town in 2001 try to
achieve as per proposed land use
pattern. 26.78 sq.km areas proposed
for residential, where as 19.74 sq.km
areas covered residential purpose in
2001. The on-going project also tries
to cover the proposed land use
pattern in different sectors like
Business area, & IT. Educational,
Industrial, Road and Transportation,
and Open space &Water bodies.
Land Use pattern of Rajarhat NewTown, 2001
19. The City Citizen’s Complaint Redressal Software will have a
human face to make it inclusive, to enable poorer sections to
access easily by normal phone call. The “ human face” of the
inclusive technology will be friendly neighbourhood smart
friend “Anandababu; essentially a 24X7 call centre with a
human brand.
‘Anandababu’-The Smart Assistant
20. No doubt, Rajarhat New Town is a well planning city. But it’s true that so many
problems arise in the city after changing the land use pattern of the area. The major
problems are-
i) Change the occupational pattern of the area due to transformation of agricultural
land into urban land use pattern. Number of local people lost their agricultural land
and people faced massive problem of the old area.
ii) Different environmental problems arise (air pollution, dirt problem) due to so many
numbers of cutting of trees for making the city.
iii) Within 20 minutes distance from the city the international airport is located. As a
result the noise of the aeroplanes create headache, mental problem, hearing
problem etc.
iv) Road side residential local people facing very much noise pollution because of bad
noise and horn of the many vehicles, when it passes through the area.
Problems of the city