Kolkata developed from three small villages in 1690 that were acquired by the British East India Company in 1698. Over time it grew into a presidency city and was divided into four subareas, with the Maidan being a large open field at its center. The urban structure of Kolkata now encompasses over 72 cities and towns across around 1,886 square kilometers. Key areas include North Kolkata characterized by 19th century architecture, Central Kolkata which hosts the central business district around the Maidan, and South Kolkata which developed after Indian independence and includes upscale neighborhoods. Using Kevin Lynch's framework of pathways, edges, districts, nodes, and landmarks, examples in Kolkata include

1. URBAN DESIGN- KOLKATA
SONAKSHI
BHATTACHARJEE
114AR0024

3. WHY KOLKATA? The reason of choosing
the site.

4. SITE CONTEXT
Presence of natural
fortifications
North - plateau
East – Maratha ditch
West – Hoogly
South – marshy suburbs

5. CONTEXT
HISTORIC CONTEXT
1690 – 3 small villages Sutanuti ,
Gobindapur and Kalikata , flanked
the banks of river Hooghly when Job
Charnock arrived with the proposal
of trade with British East India
Company in the Mughal courts.
1698 - The East India Company
bought three villages (Sutanuti,
Kalikata and Gobindapur) from a
local landlord family of Sabarna Roy
Choudhury. The next year, the
company began developing the city
as a Presidency City.

6. CONTEXT
HISTORIC CONTEXT
1784 – The storming of Fort
William in 1756 led to Calcutta
acquiring its most most
charachteristic feature – a large
open called Maidan at the center
and a Centrak Business District
roughly placed around it.

7. CONTEXT
HISTORIC CONTEXT
1798-1858 – Calcutta was
divided into 4 sub areas –
European Kolkata (dihi Kolkata)
Residential village at Gobindapur
Traditional Market (Burrabazar)
Riverine cloth trade mart (Sutanuti)
1839 – The city started to grow
on the western fringes of ganga
with jute industries coming up.
Led to the construction of the old
Howrah bridge in 1874.

8. CONTEXT
HISTORIC CONTEXT
1798-1858 – Calcutta was
divided into 4 sub areas –
European Kolkata (dihi Kolkata)
Residential village at Gobindapur
Traditional Market (Burrabazar)
Riverine cloth trade mart (Sutanuti)
1839 – The city started to grow
on the western fringes of ganga
with jute industries coming up.
Led to the construction of the old
Howrah bridge in 1874.

9. 1854 19151888

10. 1906 1924 Present day

11. URBAN STRUCTURE

12. URBAN STRUCTURE
The Kolkata metropolitan area is spread over
1,886.67 km2 (728.45 sq m) and comprises
3 municipal corporations (including Kolkata
Municipal Corporation), 39 local
municipalities and 24 panchayat samitis, as of
2011.
The urban agglomeration encompassed
72 cities and 527 towns and villages, as of
2006. Suburban areas in the Kolkata
metropolitan area incorporate parts of the
following districts: North 24 Parganas, South 24
Pargans, Howrah, Hooghly, and Nadia .Kolkata,
which is under the jurisdiction of the Kolkata
Municipal Corporation (KMC), has an area of
185 km2 (71 sq mi).
The east–west dimension of the city is
comparatively narrow, stretching from the
Hooghly River in the west to roughly the Eastern

13. URBAN STRUCTURE
North Kolkata - Characterised by
19th-century architecture, dilapidated
buildings, overpopulated slums,
crowded bazaars and narrow
alleyways, it includes areas such as
Shyambazar, Hatibagan, Maniktala, K
ankurgachi, Rajabazar, Shobhabazar, S
hyampukur,Sonagachi, Kumortuli, Bag
bazar, Jorasanko, Chitpur, Pathuriagha
ta, Cossipore, Sinthee, Belgachia, Jora
bagan, and Dum Dum.The northern
suburban areas
like Baranagar, Noapara,
Dunlop, Dakshineswar, Nagerbazar, Be
lghoria, Sodepur, Madhyamgram,Kesto
pur, Birati, Khardah up to Barrackpur
are also within the city of Kolkata (as a

14. URBAN STRUCTURE
Central Kolkata hosts the central
business district. It contains B. B. D.
Bagh, and the Esplanade on its
east; Strand Road is on its west.
The West Bengal Secretariat, General
Post Office, Reserve Bank of India, High
Court, Lalbazar Police Headquarters, and
several other government and private
offices are located there.
Another business hub is the area south
of Park Street, which comprises
thoroughfares such as Jawaharlal Nehru
Road, Camac Street, Wood Street,
Loudon Street, Shakespeare Sarani,
and A. J. C. Bose Road.
The Maidan is a large open field in the
heart of the city that has been called the
"lungs of Kolkata"] and accommodates
sporting events and public
meetings. The Victoria
Memorial and Kolkata Race Course are
located at the southern end of the
Maidan.
Other important areas of Central
Kolkata are Burrabazar, College
Street, Sealdah, Taltala, BowbazAr, Entall
y, Chandni
Chowk, LalbazAr, Chowringhee, Dharma
tala, Tiretta Bazar, Bow Barracks, Mullick
Bazar, Park CircUs, Babughat etc.
Among the other parks are Central

16. URBAN STRUCTURE
East Kolkata is largely composed of newly
developed areas and neighbourhoods
of Saltlake, Rajarhat, Tangra, Beliaghata, Ul
tadanga, Phoolbagan etc.
Two planned townships in the greater
Kolkata region are Bidhannagar, also
known as Salt Lake City and located north-
east of the city; and Rajarhat, also called
New Town and sited east of Bidhannagar. In
the 2000s, Sector V in Bidhannagar
developed into a business hub for
information technology and
telecommunication companies. Both
Bidhannagar and New Town are situated

17. URBAN STRUCTURE
South Kolkata developed after India
gained independence in 1947; it includes
upscale neighbourhoods such
as Ballygunge, Alipore, New
Alipore, Lansdowne, Bhowanipore,
Kalighat, Dhakuria,
Gariahat, Tollygunge, Naktala, Jodhpur
Park, Lake Gardens, Golf
Green, Jadavpur, Haltu, Nandi
Bagan, Picnic
Garden, Topsia, Santoshpur and Kasba.O
utlying areas of South Kolkata
include Garden
Reach, Khidirpur, Metiabruz, Taratala, Ma
heshtala, Budge
The southern suburban areas like
Narendrapur, Sonarpur, Baruipur are
also within the city of Kolkata (as
metropolitan structure). Fort William, on
the western part of the city, houses the
headquarters of the Eastern
Command of the Indian Army] its
premises are under the jurisdiction of
the army.

19. FIVE POINTS OF KEVIN
LYNCH
Shyambazar

20. PATHWAYS- ARE THE CHANNELS ALONG WHICH THE OBSERVER
MOVES. THEY MAY BE STREETS, WALKWAYS, TRANSIT LINES, CANALS, RAILROADS.
-KEVIN LYNCH, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY.

21. PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE
ARTERIAL PATHWAYS
Ref -
https://c2.staticflickr.com
/8/7316/8721967459_2b
d04c483d_b.jpg

22. EDGES- ARE THE LINEAR ELEMENTS NOT USED AS PATHS BY THE
OBSERVER. THEY ARE THE BOUNDARIES AND LINEAR BREAKS IN CONTINUITY:
CONTINUITY: SHORES, RAILROAD CUTS, EDGES OF DEVELOPMENT, WALLS.
Canal (edge)

23. CANAL
Ref -
http://static.panoramio.co
m/photos/original/10438
7734.jpg

24. DISTRICTS -ARE THE MEDIUM-TO-LARGE SECTIONS OF THE CITY WHICH
THE OBSERVER MENTALLY ENTERS "INSIDE OF," AND WHICH ARE
RECOGNIZABLE AS HAVING SOME COMMON, IDENTIFYING CHARACTER.
- KEVIN LYNCH, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY

25. RESIDENCES AND
MARKETS
Ref -
https://i.ytimg.com/vi/hx
3RVnoQDFU/maxresdefaul
t.jpg

26. NODES- ARE POINTS, THE STRATEGIC SPOTS IN A CITY INTO
WHICH AN OBSERVER CAN ENTER, AND WHICH ARE THE INTENSIVE
FROM WHICH HE IS TRAVELING. THEY MAY BE PRIMARILY JUNCTIONS
CONCENTRATIONS.
- KEVIN LYNCH, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY

27. 5-POINT CROSSING
Ref-
http://media.gettyimages.
com/photos/vehicles-
move-at-shyam-bazar-
five-point-crossing-
during-a-24hour-picture-
id486229338

28. LANDMARKS ARE ANOTHER TYPE OF POINT-REFERENCE, BUT IN THIS CASE
THE OBSERVER DOES NOT ENTER WITHIN THEM, THEY ARE EXTERNAL. THEY ARE
USUALLY A RATHER SIMPLY DEFINED PHYSICAL OBJECT: BUILDING, SIGN, STORE,
OR MOUNTAIN.
- KEVIN LYNCH, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY.

29. THE STATUE OF NETAJI ON
HORSEBACK
Ref -
https://c1.staticflickr.com
/7/6113/6288374751_80
1f6b5f21_b.jpg

30. REFERENCES-
Kevin Lynch -The Image of the City,1990
Maps retrieved from -Wikimapia.org & Harvard university Archives
History retrieved from Rule Britanicca and Issuu.com

31. Thank You