The document discusses the functions of various knobs and buttons on GE ultrasound machines. It explains how adjusting settings like depth, frequency, focal points, and gain can optimize image quality. It also covers additional imaging modes like SRI, CrossXBeam, harmonics, 3D, and LOGIQView which can provide benefits like reduced speckle, improved contrast, and extended fields of view. The document is intended help users understand how to adjust machine settings to acquire the best quality images.

1. Ultrasound machine knobology Copyright © 2010 Academy of Veterinary Imaging

2. Ultrasound machine knobology… In other words, what the heck do all of those knobs and buttons do, and how can adjusting them affect image quality?!?!

3. Image optimization Presets, depth, frequency, auto-optimize, focal points, gain/TGC Features Archiving, transducers, SRI, compounding, harmonics, 3-D, LOGIQView, Doppler GE ultrasound

4. GE ultrasound LOGIQ 7 LOGIQ Book Go to: Image optimization: Presets Depth Frequency Auto-optimize Focal points Gain/TGC LOGIQ e LOGIQ 5 Archiving Transducers SRI CrossXBeam Harmonics 3-D LOGIQView % affected GE features: LOGIQ P5 In this presentation, click on the Home button as pictured here to return to this page

5. Image optimization Image quality is comprised of many things During an ultrasound exam, the ultrasound machine settings should be changed as needed to optimize image quality Understanding just a few of the knobs can accomplish this for most scans L7 L5 LB Le P5

6. Presets Settings can be saved as presets Viewed in Application or Preset screen Different presets for different transducers/structures/patient species/sizes The more ‘complicated’ machine settings are saved in presets, so these do not need to be adjusted during every scan L7 L5 LB P5 Le

7. Adjust as needed throughout scan Depth Optimal L7 L5 LB P5 Le

8. Frequency High frequency Better resolution Less depth Lower frequency Lower resolution Better for depth L7 L5 LB P5 Le

9. ‘ Personal preference’ button. Adds more contrast…Whites are whiter, blacks are blacker Try on or off. Chose the setting that looks better to you. Auto optimize must be deselected then reselected for every new structure imaged. Auto optimize L7 L5 LB P5 Le

10. Focal points Improved resolution is seen where the focal points are. Place focal points at the region of interest. L7 L5 LB P5 Le

11. Overall gain Amplification of received signal TGC Time Gain Compensation Compensates for beam attenuation (loss of energy as it passes through tissue) Gain L7 L5 LB P5 Le

12. LOGIQ 7 TGC Auto optimize Gain Depth Frequency Focal points (touch screen) L5 LB Le P5

13. LOGIQ 5 TGC Auto optimize Gain Depth Focal points Frequency L7 LB Le P5

14. LOGIQ P5 Auto optimize Gain Depth TGC Focal points Frequency L7 L5 LB Le

15. LOGIQ e Auto optimize Gain Depth TGC Focal points Frequency L7 L5 LB P5

16. LOGIQ Book Auto optimize Gain Depth TGC Focal points Frequency (toggle) L7 L5 Le P5

17. Archiving ‘ P’ buttons can be programmed Default settings: P1: Saves as raw dicom clip or still image (image appearance, M-mode, 3-D can be done on a raw dicom clip, but it is a very large file, thus too large to send) P2: Print on the thermal printer P3: Save as dicom

18. Archiving Images can be transferred to a CD or USB flash drive. Depending on GE model, media must be formatted first Press Utilities button Select Connectivity, then removable media To eject media after saving images, press F3 Select the media to eject, then finalize

19. Some GE transducers 8C 12L 4C 3S Rectal i739

20. SRI Speckle Reduction Imaging: Improved contrast resolution Improved overall clarity Smoothes regions where no feature or edges appear Maintains or enhances edges and borders Does not eliminate any information Increased Signal-to-Noise ratio

21. SRI Always is on in the LOGIQ e Can adjust to have different levels in the LOGIQ 7 and LOGIQ P5 Level is set within the preset (Application) settings

22. Spatial compounding CrossXBeam = GE’s spatial compounding Available on the LOGIQ e and LOGIQ P5 Interrogates tissue at multiple angles Introduces new tissue info Averages out speckle SRI and CrossXBeam together can have complimentary and additive effects

23. CrossXBeam Perpendicular angle of insonation generates higher signal Images generated with compounding have more angles that are perpendicular to structures CrossXBeam OFF CrossXBeam ON

24. CrossXBeam Improved border definition Improved contrast resolution Reduced angle dependence Reduced speckle and noise Increased visualization of biopsy needles Can reduce helpful artifact Can reduce frame rate LOGIQ e LOGIQ P5

25. CrossXBeam: P5 Press L and R buttons simultaneously to see side-by-side display of CrossXBeam on and CrossXBeam off Press X Beam to turn on

26. CrossXBeam: Le F9 or ‘Comp’ to turn on Press L and R buttons simultaneously to see side-by-side display of CrossXBeam on and CrossXBeam off

27. Harmonics (THI) Display is from echos of a frequency different from the transmitted frequency (i.e. 2x transmitted frequency) Reduced artifact Improved axial and lateral resolution Better margin definition and increased contrast

28. Harmonics (THI) Press L and R buttons simultaneously to see side-by-side display of harmonics on and harmonics off Press THI or Harmonics button to turn on

29. 3-D Volume imaging Volume vs. area affected can be assessed Appears more ‘life-like’ Infinite viewing planes May approximate CT or MRI imaging Scan parallel* or sweep (fan) Angle of imaging less operator dependent LOGIQ e LOGIQ P5

30. 3-D: P5 Press Left button to start. Scan anatomy. Press Right button to stop. Press 3D to turn on Click arrow to go to images

31. 3-D: Le Press F7 to turn on Press Left button to start. Scan anatomy. Press Right button to stop. Click arrow to go to images

32. 3-D Use set button to alternate hand and rotate tools Drag image to corner

33. 3-D Rotate image Use set button to alternate hand and rotate tools

34. 3-D Slice through Use set button to alternate hand and rotate tools

35. 3-D Rotate again Use set button to alternate hand and rotate tools

36. 3-D Slice through another plane Use set button to alternate hand and rotate tools

37. LOGIQView Extended field of view Better demonstration of anatomical relationships Ability to measure large structures LOGIQ e LOGIQ P5

38. LOGIQView: P5 Press LOGIQ View to turn on Press Left button to start, scan anatomy. Press Right button to stop.

39. LOGIQView: Le Press F8 View to turn on Press Left button to start, scan anatomy. Press Right button to stop.

40. LOGIQView Scan in a straight plane or image will ‘bend’

41. % affected Measure % of tendon affected by the lesion Press Measure button Select % stenosis folder Select % sten (area) Trace around entire tendon Press set Trace around lesion Press set % affected = 100 - %sten