2. What is Robot?
•A Robot is a mechanical device
that is capable of carrying out
various simple and complex
actions according to instructions
given.
•Robot is derived from 'Robota'
of Czech word which means
forced labour.
3. Classification of Robots
(Based on Control)
Robot
Manual Robot Autonomous Robot Semi – Autonomous Robot
- It is a combination of
Manual & Autonomous
robots
(Operated Manually)
-A Manual Robot
requires complete
human intervention for
its operation
- Autonomous robots
can act on their own
without any human
intervention
5. Parts of Robots
1. Power Supply – Batteries
2. Motors – Actuators
3. Mechanical Accessories – Wheels, Sensors, Chasis, etc.
4. Electric Circuits – Bluetooth Controllers, Motor drivers, etc.
6. Power Supply
Power Supply
Alternating Current Direct Current
Waveform Constant Supply
Eg. - Home
It cannot be stored
Eg. - Battery
It can be stored (Inverters)
7. Batteries
• Alkaline Battery - It derieves energy from Zinc metal & Manganese – Dioxide (Liquid form). They
create very high energy & longer shelf life.
1.5
(Voltage)
Battery
Aa Size
Alkaline Battery
8. Voltage
- The difference is points in an electrical system is voltage.
- The unit of measure of voltage is Volts (V)
9. Current
- The flow of electric charges is called Current.
- Current always flows from higher potential to lower potential.
- The unit of measure of Current is Ampere (A)
10. Resistance
• The Resistance limits the flow of Current and the resistors
generally contains Coils of wires.
• More the number of coils, higher the resistance.
• The unit of measure of Resistance is Ohm (Ω) (Omega)
11. Types of Batteries
6V to 24V batteries are used in Robots.
Batteries
Rechargeable
(Power bank,
Battries in Cell
Phones, Invertor
Battery)
Non – Rechargeable
(Normal Aa cells
Battery)
13. Sense – Think – Act - Cycle
Sense
Think
Act
Sensing the
Environment
Plan to Act
Do the Activity
14. Types of Robots
1. Humanoid Robot - It is just like human beings. It helps to
perform human tasks such as scientific research,
entertainment, in-mines, personal assistance, etc.
2. Android Robot - It is just like humanoid. It has body like human
being. It can use machines, tools, etc. [chitti]
3. Robonaut - It is a NASA robot. It is specifically designed to work
in space or in high risk environment. It is used in international
space station.
16. 4. Nanobot - It is a tiny robot that requires microscope to see it. It is useful to perform
particular tasks repeatedly. They are still at development stage and would be useful to
perform delicate surgeries in future.
5. NAO - It is robot developed at France. It was designed to walk, talk & play robo cup soccer. If
placed in hotels, it can welcome guests and provide a lot of information to them.
6. SAFFIR - It is firee fighting robot, designed by US Navy, it can see through smoke. It is used to
assist the fire fighters, control damage and carry out inspections in ships.
7. SPHERES - They are useful in spaces. They are Spherical in shape. They are currently used at
International Space station.
18. 8. KISMET - It is expressive robot designed by US. It can express happiness, sadness, surprises, etc.
9. Tracked Robots - It moves on tracks. It can move on uneven surfaces such as ice, mud, snow, etc. They were
designed to fight fires & travel in space.
10. Wheeled Robots - They use wheels to move. They can move fast and are better controlled than other
robots. They are used mow lawns, guard prisons, carry materials in factories and used even in hospitals.
11. Legged Robots - They use limbs to move around. They can resemble humans or insects or animals. They are
suitable to climb walls or step over objects. They are used in cleaning chemical spills or exploring uneven
surfaces.
20. 12. Hybrid Robots - They have legs as well as wheels. They can move fast. It was designed by 'Boston
Dynamics’ at USA
13. Snakebot - It can move in form of Snake. It has tiny cameras along its body to monitor what it sees. It
can climb trees. Eg. - They can get into collapsed structure where a human cannot enter.
14. Robobear - It is a nursing robot, built in Japan. It helps elderly people or patients to sit and stand, etc.
It is a strong robot with gentle touch.
21. Process of making Robots
Making the body
Different parts Molded,
Design & Assembled in a
structure
Program is written/ Set of
Instructions
Testing & Inspection
Robot is ready
