This document provides an overview of biological classification. It discusses that classification is a systematic way to study organisms by looking at their similarities and differences. It introduces taxonomy as the science of biological classification, with Carolus Linnaeus considered the father of taxonomy. The key levels in biological classification are described, from kingdom down to species. Examples of different kingdoms, including Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, and Monera are provided. The document also discusses the binomial nomenclature system of scientific naming. Some benefits and historical developments of classification systems are outlined.

1. KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK
HIDUP
IPA KELAS VII

2. KLASIFIKASI
MERUPAKAN SUATU CARA YANG SISTEMATIS DALAM MEMPELAJARI
OBJEK (MISALNYA MAKHLUK HIDUP) DENGAN MELIHAT PERSAMAAN
DAN PERBEDAAN CIRI MAKHLUK HIDUP
TAKSONOMI
ILMU YANG MEMPELAJARI TENTANG KLASIFIKASI MAKHLUK HIDUP
BAPAK TAKSONOMI : CAROLUS LINNAEUS
TAKSON = Tingkatan klasifikasi

3. Urutan Takson Dalam Klasifikasi

4. Contoh Takson Hewan

5. Contoh Takson Tumbuhan

6. METODE PENAMAAN ILMIAH
Binominal nomenklatur : Sistem tata nama ganda
1. Setiap makhluk hidup memiliki nama yang terdiri dari 2 kata
2. Kata pertama menunjukkan genus dan penulisannya diawali dengan
huruf besar
kata kedua menunjukkan spesies dan penulisannya diawali huruf
kecil
3. Penulisannya dicetak miring atau diberi garis bawah
CONTOH :
PADI : Oryza sativa
KUCING : Feliz catus

7. MANFAAT KLASIFIKASI
a. Memudahkan untuk mengenal makhluk hidup
b. Memudahkan untuk mempelajari makhluk hidup
c. Mengetahui adanya hubungan kekerabatan antar
makhluk hidup

8. PERKEMBANGAN SISTEM KLASIFIKASI
KINGDOM
FUNGI
KINGDOM
PROTISTA
KINGDOM
MONERA
KINGDOM
ANIMALIA
KINGDOM
PLANTAE

9. 1. KINGDOM MONERA
Ciri-ciri
- Makhluk hidup bersel satu (uniseluler)
- tidak memiliki membran inti (prokariota)
- berkembang biak dengan membelah diri
KINGDOM MONERA :
BAKTERI dan GANGGANG BIRU
(Cyanobacteria)

10. Kingdom monera
Escheria coli, bakteri menguntungkan
yang hidup di usus manusia
Lactobacillus casei, bakteri yang
bermanfaat untuk pembuatan keju
Salmonella typhosa, penyebab penyakit
tifus
Vibrio cholerae, merugikan yang
menyebabkan penyakit kolera
Umumnya diperairan dan
merupakan fitoplankton
Anabaena azollae : mengikat
nitrogen
Arthrospira : Suplemen
makanan berprotein
(Spirulina)
BAKTERIA GANGGANG BIRU
(Cyanobacteria)

11. 2. Kingdom Protista
Ciri- ciri :
- Memiliki membran inti (eukariotika)
- Terdiri dari satu sel dan multiseluler
Terdiri dari
1. Protista mirip hewan (protozoa)
2. Protista mirip tumbuhan (Alga atau ganggang)
3. Protista mirip jamur

12. 2. KINGDOM PROTISTA
PRTISTA MIRIP HEWAN
(PROTOZOA)
ALGA ATAU GANGGANG PROTISTA MIRIP JAMUR
Hewan berkaki semu
( Rhizopoda)
Contoh : Amoeba proteus
Alga Hijau (Chlorophyceae) :
memiliki pigmen hijau
Contoh : Spirogyra, Chlorella
Protista mirip jamur terdiri
atas jamur air (oomycota)
dan jamur lendir
(myxomycota)
Hewan berbulu cambuk
(flagellata)
Contoh : Euglena viridis
Alga Merah (Rhodophyceae),
memiliki pigmen merah dan hidup
di laut, bahan untuk membuat
agar-agar
Hewan berbulu getar (Ciliata)
Contoh : Paramecium sp
Alga pirang (Phaeophyceae),
berwarna coklat kehijau-hijauan
untuk bahan industri dan obat-
obatan
Hewan berspora (Sporozoa)
Contoh : Plasmodium sp.
Alga kresik (Chrysophyceae),
berwarna keemasan, fosilnya di
dasar laut, untuk alat gosok, bahan
dinamit

13. 3. KINGDOM FUNGI
-Tubuh jamur tersusun dari benang-benang yang disebut hifa, kumpulan hifa
disebut miselium dan tubuh jamur disebut talus
-Jamur hidup sebagai saprofit atau parasit
- Berkembang biak dengan spora
Nama Berkembang biak Contoh
Zigomycotina Zigospora Jamur tempe (Rhizopus oryzae)
Ascomycotina askospora Ragi (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) untuk
pembuatan roti dan minuman beralkohol
Basidiomycotina basidiospora Jamur kuping (auricularia) dan jamur
merang (Volvariella volvacea)
Deuteromycotina Belum diketahui alat
perkembangbiakannya
Jamur panu dan jamur penyebab kutu air

14. 4. KINGDOM PLANTAE
LUMUT
(BRYOPHYTA)
TUMBUHAN
PAKU
(PTERIDOPHYTA)
TUMBUHAN BIJI
(SPERMATOPHYTA)

15. A. TUMBUHAN LUMUT
1.Memiliki akar, batang, dan daun yang bukan sejati dan
belum memiliki berkas pembuluh
2. Akar lumut disebut rizoid, rizoid berfungsi menempelkan
tubuh lumut
3. Berkembang biak dengan kawin dan tak kawin
(metagenesis)
CIRI-CIRI
Tumbuhan lumut dibedakan menjadi tiga divisi
1. Lumut Hati ( contoh : Marchantia)
2. Lumut Daun (contoh : Polytrichum)
3. Lumut Tanduk (Contoh : Anthoceros natans)

16. B. TUMBUHAN PAKU (PTERIDOPHYTA)
1.Memiliki akar, batang, dan daun yang sejati dan memiliki
berkas pembuluh
2. Terdapat sorus, kumpulan kotak spora
3. Berkembang biak dengan kawin dan tak kawin
(metagenesis)
CIRI-CIRI
Tumbuhan paku dibedakan menjadi empat divisi
1. Paku tidak berdaun ( contoh : Psilotum nudum)
2. Paku Ekor Kuda (contoh : Equisetum sylvaticum))
3. Paku kawat, seperti rambut atau kawat, biasanya di daerah
pegunungan (Contoh : Lycopodium cernuum)
4. Paku Sejati, contoh : Adiantum (suplir)

17. C. TUMBUHAN BIJI (SPERMATOPHYTA)
1.Memiliki akar, batang, dan daun yang sejati dan memiliki berkas pembulu
2. Menghasilkan biji yang digunakan sebagai alat perkembangbiakan
CIRI-CIRI
TUMBUHAN BIJI TERBUKA
(GYMNOSPERMAE)
TUMBUHAN BIJI TERTUTUP
(ANGIOSPERMAE)
Tumbuhan Biji Berkeping Satu
(Monocotyledonae)
Tumbuhan Biji Berkeping Dua
(dicotyledoneae))

18. 5. Kingdom Animalia
INVERTEBRATA
(TIDAK BERTULANG BELAKANG)
VERTEBRATA
(BERTULANG BELAKANG)

19. INVERTEBRATA
(TIDAK BERTULANG BELAKANG)
PORIFERA : HEWAN SPONS
COELENTERATA : Hydrozoa,
Schypozoa, dan Anthoza
Ubur-ubur
Platyhelmintes : Planaria dan cacing hati
Nematoda: Cacing perut, cacing kremi,
dan cacing tambang
ANNELIDA : Cacing tanah, lintah, dan pacet
ARTHROPODA : Udang, kepiting, serangga
ECHINODERMATA : Bintang Laut, Landak Laut
Dan Teripang
MOLLUSCA : Bekicot, cumi-cumi dan kerang

20. VERTEBRATA
(BERTULANG BELAKANG)
PISCES : Ikan mas, ikan lele, dll
AMPHIBIA : KATAK
REPTILIA : Buaya, kadal, penyu, dan ular
AVES : Burung pipit, merpati, elang
MAMMALIA : Kelelawar, lumba-lumba, paus

21. A PICTURE
IS WORTH A
THOUSAND
WORDS

22. AWESOME WORDS
Because key words are great for
catching your audience’s attention

23. YOU CAN USE A
TABLE TOO
MARS VENUS SATURN
May 50 25 100
June 20 75 40
July 25 30 20

24. THIS IS A MAP
Mercury is the
closest planet to the
Sun an the smallest
one in the Solar
System

25. YOU COULD USE FOUR COLUMNS,
WHY NOT?
It’s the biggest planet in
the Solar System
JUPITER
Venus has a beautiful
name, but it’s terribly hot
VENUS
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
MARS
Saturn is the ringed one
and a gas giant
SATURN

26. THIS IS A GRAPH
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change the data and paste the new graph
here
Despite being red,
Mars is actually a cold
place
It’s a gas giant and
also the biggest
planet
Yes, this is the ringed
one. It’s a gas giant
45%
35%
20%

27. Presentation
You could enter a subtitle
here if you need it
2

28. SOMETIMES, REVIEWING
CONCEPTS IS A GOOD IDEA
Mars is actually
a cold place
MARS
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
JUPITER
Venus has a
beautiful name
VENUS
Saturn is the
ringed one
SATURN
Mercury is the
smallest planet
MERCURY
Neptune is the
farthest planet
NEPTUNE

29. HOW ABOUT THE
PERCENTAGES?
Mars is actually a
cold place
MARS
Venus has a
beautiful name
VENUS
Mercury is the
smallest planet
MERCURY
30%
40%
25%

30. INFOGRAPHICS MAKE YOUR
IDEA UNDERSTANDABLE
Mars is actually a
cold place
Venus has a
beautiful name
Mercury is the
smallest planet
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
40%
30%
20%
10%

31. DO YOU PREFER
THESE OTHER
PERCENTAGES?
30%
Mars is actually a
cold place
45%
Venus has a
beautiful name

32. SEA LIFE
You could enter a
subtitle here if you need
it
3

33. REINFORCE THE CONCEPT
USING INFOGRAPHICS!
Mars is actually a
cold place Mercury is the
smallest planet
Jupiter is the
biggest planet

34. YOU CAN LIST
WHAT YOU WANT
● These kinds of lists are simple
● You can organize your ideas clearly
● It keeps everything well presented
● You’ll never forget to buy milk!

35. A TIMELINE ALWAYS WORKS
VERY WELL
Mars is actually a
cold place
STEP 01
Mercury is the
smallest planet
STEP 02
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
STEP 03

36. 5,600.00
Big numbers catch your audience’s
attention

37. 3,500
earths is the Sun’s mass
4,200
is Jupiter’s rotation period

38. OUR TEAM
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
LAURA PATTERSON
Despite being red, Mars
is actually a cold place
JENNA SMITH
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
JOHN JAMES

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