Kernelizing Sentences
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The document discusses kernelizing sentences by removing unnecessary modifiers and details to retain only the essential information. It provides examples of full sentences and their kernelized versions containing only the main ideas. It also asks the reader to kernelize sample sentences, such as reducing "The Maunlad Award recognizes micro-entrepreneurs who have grown their business to levels that provide general employment for people apart from family members" to its basic elements.
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1. The document describes 4 steps for using kernel sentences in teaching a topic: activating prior knowledge, providing an experience game, enriching the topic with more complex sentences, and assessing learning from groups to individuals.
2. It defines the characteristics of a kernel sentence as being simple, active, declarative, and conveying only one idea.
3. It provides examples of how multiple kernel sentences can be extracted from a single longer sentence, such as identifying 5 kernel sentences in a sentence about the aspects of success.
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2) Multiple choice tests recognition knowledge but has reliable scoring while cloze and C-tests measure reading ability but are more difficult to score.
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3) Key elements of poetry like diction, syntax, imagery, characters and setting are defined and illustrated with examples.
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The document provides an overview of poetry, including its defining features, forms, devices, and types. It discusses how poetry differs from prose in its use of figurative language, concise expression, and poetic elements like meter, rhyme, and stanzas. Various poetic forms, terms, and devices are defined, such as sonnets, rhyme schemes, onomatopoeia, and imagery. Examples are provided to illustrate different concepts.
Sonnet 18~ William Shakespeare ^_~
In this summary of Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare:
The first two quatrains compare the speaker's beloved to a summer's day but note that the beloved is more lovely and constant. Summer is fleeting while the beloved's beauty will last eternally.
The third quatrain states that the beloved's beauty will never fade and will live on through the speaker's poetry.
The couplet concludes that as long as people can experience the sonnet, the beloved's beauty and memory will live on immortalized in the poem.
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This document defines and provides examples of different types of lyric poetry: elegies, odes, and sonnets. Elegies express sorrow over someone who has died using couplets with a specific meter pattern, as shown in Walt Whitman's poem "O Captain! My Captain!". Odes praise people or events and are meant to be performed to music, like Mark Twain's "Ode to Stephen Dowling Bots". Sonnets have 14 lines with a rhyme scheme and often summarize a theme, such as Shakespeare's famous Sonnet 18.
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A paragraph contains a topic sentence that states the main idea, supporting sentences that provide details and examples, and a concluding sentence that restates or summarizes the main point. The topic sentence introduces the subject and controlling idea. Supporting sentences develop and explain the main idea. The concluding sentence wraps up the key points and ties it back to the topic sentence. Well-written paragraphs ensure all sentences are logically linked to the topic sentence.
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The document discusses various prosodic features of speech including intonation, pitch, stress, juncture, and volume. Intonation refers to variation in spoken pitch and is used to express emotion and emphasis. Pitch can be high, middle, low, or very high. Stress patterns include primary, secondary, and minimal stress. Juncture refers to how sounds are connected between syllables. Volume refers to loudness and is used to show emotions. The document provides examples of how these prosodic features are used in speech.
Juncture
This document discusses juncture, which refers to transitions between sounds when speaking. It describes two types of juncture: close juncture with no pause between sounds, and open juncture with a slight stop between sounds. Examples of each type are provided. The document also covers rules for different sound transitions within and between words, and provides practice sentences to demonstrate juncture.
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To get a good band score in your IELTS writing, you should use cohesive devices. With coherence, cohesion makes up 25% of your final IELTS writing band score. In this slideshow are some of the most useful cohesive devices to use in your ILETS writing.
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Imagery uses descriptive words and sentences to create sensory images in the reader's mind of what is happening in a story. There are five basic types of imagery that appeal to our five senses: visual imagery describes what we see, auditory imagery describes what we hear, olfactory imagery describes what we smell, gustatory imagery describes what we taste, and tactile imagery describes what we feel or touch. Imagery is also commonly used in pop culture through songs, movies, and plays to vividly describe sensory experiences through creative language.
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The document discusses different types of rhymes including end rhymes, internal rhymes, slant rhymes, eye rhymes, masculine rhymes, and feminine rhymes. It provides examples of each type of rhyme and explains rhyme schemes in poetry using letters to represent line placements. The document also contains sample poems and activities for identifying rhymes and rhyme schemes.
Pathetic fallacy
Pathetic fallacy is a literary device used by the author to attribute human emotions and traits to nature or inanimate objects. For instance, the following descriptions refer to weather and how it affects the mood, which can add atmosphere to a story: smiling skies, somber clouds, angry storm, or bitter winter.
Ambiguity
This document defines and provides examples of different types of ambiguity:
- Lexical ambiguity occurs when a word has more than one meaning depending on context.
- Homophones and homonyms are words that sound the same but have different meanings or spellings.
- Polysemy is when a word has multiple related meanings.
- Metonymy is when one concept is used to represent another closely related concept.
- Structural ambiguity occurs when a phrase or sentence structure allows for multiple interpretations.
Test techniques and testing overall ability
1) The document discusses various test techniques for measuring language abilities, including multiple choice, cloze, C-test, and dictation.
2) Multiple choice tests recognition knowledge but has reliable scoring while cloze and C-tests measure reading ability but are more difficult to score.
3) No single technique is sufficient and combining scores from different techniques that measure separate abilities can provide a more overall assessment of language proficiency.
The elements of poetry
This document provides an overview of key poetic elements and terms, including:
1) It defines poetry and its origins from the Greek word "poiein," discussing how poetry is a creative, rhythmically expressed form of literature.
2) A brief history of English poetry is given, noting its earliest poems in Old English and how Middle Ages poets wrote on religious and other themes.
3) Key elements of poetry like diction, syntax, imagery, characters and setting are defined and illustrated with examples.
4) Different types of poetic language like metaphor, sensory imagery and figures of speech are also summarized.
Rule of Word Stress
This document discusses rules for word stress in English pronunciation. It explains that one syllable in multisyllabic words is stressed more than the other syllables. There are four main rules: 1) stress the first syllable of most two-syllable nouns and adjectives, 2) stress the last syllable of most two-syllable verbs, 3) stress the second-to-last syllable of words ending in -ic, -sion, -tion, 4) stress the third-from-last syllable of words ending in -cy, -ty, -phy, -gy or -al. There are also rules for compound words, proper nouns, reflexive pronouns, and numbers. Exceptions are
Inflection
Inflection is the change in the form of a word to mark such distinctions as tense, person, number, gender, …. Etc.
Phonology
Phonology is the study of how sounds are organized and used in languages. It examines an inventory of sounds and rules for how they interact, and analyzes sound patterns to determine which sounds are significant for a language. Phonetics studies speech sound production, while phonology analyzes sound patterns and interpretations in a particular language. A phoneme is the smallest meaningful sound unit that distinguishes word meanings. Generative phonology assigns phonetic representations to utterances based on a speaker's internal grammar. Non-linear models like autosegmental and metrical phonology treat representations as multi-dimensional. Lexical phonology accounts for interactions of morphology and phonology in word formation through ordered levels.
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The document discusses various methods for assessing listening skills in language learning. It identifies four main types of listening performance: intensive, responsive, selective, and extensive. Some example assessment tasks provided include cloze dictations, information transfer tasks, note-taking, editing discrepancies between written and spoken stimuli, interpretive tasks like answering questions about a story, and retelling or summarizing what was heard. The goal of assessment is to evaluate skills like comprehending sounds, understanding context and meaning, and developing an overall understanding of the auditory input.
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1. BENEFITS THAT MNCS BRING TO HOST NATIONS
a. Improvement in the standard of living
b. Employment and economic growth in overseas countries
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a. Influence on foreign governments to gain concession
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ii. Sale of unsafe products to consumers
c. Use of unsustainable resources and the degradation of the local environment
d. Cultural Imperialism
e. Footloose Capitalism
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b. Internet
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d. Political Constraints
e. Legal or constraints
f. Competition policy
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Ch=09 (e c o)
This document discusses several topics related to economic development, including human capital development through education and health, child labor issues, the importance of educating girls, and different trade strategies such as import substitution and export promotion. It notes that education and health are essential for development and productivity. Investing in education and health can generate higher future incomes and returns. Child labor disrupts schooling and harms health, while educating girls has among the highest returns and improves local health standards. The document also outlines inward-looking development policies focused on self-sufficiency versus outward-looking policies that encourage free trade and movement of goods, services, and factors of production.
Globalisation
Globalization has increased due to advances in technology and transportation. The Indian government opened the country to foreign investment in 1991, leading to globalization in various industries. Globalization integrates economies through trade, financial flows, and corporate investment between nations. It has both benefits like cheaper products and job creation, as well as drawbacks like increased competition and potential exploitation of workers. Supporters argue it improves efficiency and technology transfer, while critics say it disproportionately benefits developed countries and increases economic and political inequality between nations.
Business News Lesson (Adv) - Farmer Bill .pdf
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- Bill Gates is the largest private farmland owner in the US, with holdings of over 242,000 acres, larger than the size of Hong Kong. He and others aim to use the land to mitigate climate change through carbon sequestration and regenerative farming practices.
- As the next generation shows less interest in farming and customers demand higher sustainability standards, there are new opportunities for landowners to diversify and combine profitability with environmental protection.
Bev 9-ethics in global business
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119575608 19018679-fast-food-industry-in-india-a-study
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International Trade Theory.pptx
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Learning Event No.4: Highlights. ARDD2012 Rio
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1984: Chairman Emeritus,
Paul Stebbins, and CEO,
Michael Kasbar, founded
Trans-Tec, a marine fuel
brokerage company
1986: International Recovery
becomes a publicly-traded
company
1990: Signi cant organic
growth prompts expansion with
of ces in key global markets
1995: International Recovery
acquires Trans-Tec and charges
company name to World Fuel
Services Corporation
1999: Bunkerfuels acquisition
enhances market share in
Marine Energy
2000: PAFCO joint venture
expands Aviation services
2001: Marine Energy, Norse
Bunkers, Oil Shipping Group
acquisitions expand Marine
2004: Tramp Oil to expand
Marine business
1998: BaseOps adds
ight-based services
2007: AVCARD expands
Business & General Aviation
transaction processing capabilities
2008: Texor expands branded
distribution
2009: TGS Petroleum expands
branded distribution
2010: Henty Oil expands
Marine and Land presence
in United Kingdom
2010: Lakeside Oil expands
branded gas/diesel distribution
in Midwestern US
2010: Western Petroleum
expands Land and Avitaion
distribution
2011: Hiller and Ascent expand
Business & General Aviation
and add deicing
2011: NCS expands
government Aviation business
2012: Carter Energy expands
branded gas/diesel distribution
in Midwestern United States
2012: Multi Service Technology
Solutions expands paymentprocessing capabilities
2012: MH Aviation and totalFBO
expand Aviation
2013: U.S. Energy Services
adds natural gas, compressed
natural gas and electricity
consulting services
2016: Associated Petroleum
Products (APP) to provide fuel
& related services to agricultural automotive, construction,
and commercial and industrial
customers in the Paci c
Northwest
2016: Acquisition of ExxonMobil aviation fueling operations at
34 airports in Canada and
France
2014: Watson Petroleum
expands fuel and lubricants
distribution in United Kingdom
2016: PAPCO expands fuel and
lubricants distribution in the
Eastern U.S.
2015: Pester Marketing Company
with its Alta Fuels to expand
terminals and distribution of
biofuels and lubricants to wholesale, commercial, and agricultural
customers in the U.S.
2015: BP's former Statoil Fuel
& Retail Aviation business at 4
general & business aviation
airports in Scandinavia to
expand global presence
2015: Bergen Energy grows
energy & sustainability practice
across Europe
2015: KTM expands energy &
sustainability practice in North
America
2014: Colt International and
Avinode expands presence in
Business & General Aviation
2016: Utilities Exchange Ltd. To
expand consultancy & energy
management services to
commercial and industrial
customers across Europe
2017: Orchard Energy, UX
Energy Services, Professional
Utility Board acquired
2018: OnDemand Energy
Solutions acquired
2019: Our land fuels division
and Kinect Energy division to
converge to become World
Kinect Energy Services
2019: UVair further expands
Aviation
2019: WFS joins UN Global
Compact
2020: Our Aviation division
acquires FBO One
2021: Lykins acquisition
2022: Flyers acquisition
2021: Flyers a
Young Voices In A Changing Ireland
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- Support for young farmers and agricultural training to encourage more young people into farming.
- Issues with the new student grant application system SUSI and proposals to improve it.
- Proposals to incentivize technology courses and reduce college fees for related programs.
- Recommendations around property tax implementation and exemptions.
- Support for a fuel duty rebate for hauliers to alleviate pressure on the industry.
- Calls for greater transparency around bank bonuses and pensions paid using state support.
- Ideas to use taxes on sugary drinks and saturated fats
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Permutation
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Kernelizing Sentences
- 1. Prepared by: Joey F. Valdriz Kernelizing Sentences
- 2. Sentence: As the Philippines becomes an increasingly desirable country for business and production, the government is doing its share of implementing reforms to further deregulate, liberalize, and privatize its markets. What is the main idea? What are the embedded or subordinate ideas?
- 3. • A long sentence may be reduced to its kernel form by deleting expansions or embedded modifiers (adjectival or adverbial clauses or phrases) and retaining only the essentials. • A kernel sentence is a basic sentence. As the Philippines becomes an increasingly desirable country for business and production, the government is doing its share of implementing reforms to further deregulate, liberalize, and privatize its markets.
- 4. 1. Globalization which entails stiff competition poses a great challenge to the social industries. 2. China’s largest shipping group is considering building a cargo hub in the Philippines as it expands operation in the region. 3. About 70,000 coconuts or about 700 hectares of coconut plantations have already been infested with the coconut hispid beetle which threatens to wipe out the country’s coconut industries in three year’s time.
- 5. 4. Insufficiently dried corn and newly harvested palay have a higher desirable moisture content which makes the grains rot easily, so they have to be sold to traders at very low gate prices. 5. The accelerating rate of carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere is largely due to rising energy consumption in tandem with increasing population and per capita gross domestic product.
- 6. The tall, dark-haired man from next door fearlessly investigated the screeching noise. Winged insects with several nymph stages belong to the infraclass known as Paleoptera. The accelerating rate of carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere is largely due to rising energy consumption in tandem with increasing population and per capita gross domestic product.
- 7. Kernelize the following sentence. The Maunlad Award recognizes micro-entrepreneurs who have grown their business to levels that provide general employment for people apart from family members.
- 8. 1. Since ancient times, differences have separated men into warring groups. 2. One other key to creating jobs that will gainfully employ a substantial portion of the unemployed is to boost the growth of job-rich agricultural sector 3. As may be expected, salary scales are inevitable distorted as companies try to match or provide even better compensation packages to attract qualified professionals 4. An insatiable passion for learning provides an ever-expanding competency base that is necessary for ensuring that one is employable at whatever stage in life.