Kalyaan by shah Abdul Latif
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Shah Abdul Latif was an 18th century Sufi poet from Sindh, Pakistan. In this poem "Kalyaan", Latif praises God and discusses those who have true faith. He describes God as the omniscient creator of the universe. He discusses those who believe in God's oneness and follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, noting they will find bliss and not be misled. Latif notes the pure of heart become absorbed in God and are fortunate in their origins. The poem discusses seekers who constantly remember only God and are spiritually united, carefully following righteous paths to seek eternal life with rare knowledge.
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The search for_truth
Salman, a Persian man, became interested in Christianity after seeing Christians praying in a church. Despite his father's opposition to any religion other than their own, Salman fled and eventually made his way to ash-Shaam (the Levant) to learn more about Christianity. There, he humbly offered to serve the bishop in order to gain religious knowledge.
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Queer theory is a field of critical theory that emerged in the early 1990s out of the fields of queer studies and women's studies. Queer theory includes both queer readings of texts and the theorization of 'queerness' itself.[clarify] Heavily influenced by the work of Lauren Berlant, Leo Bersani, Judith Butler, Lee Edelman, Jack Halberstam,[1] and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, queer theory builds both upon feminist challenges to the idea that gender is part of the essential self and upon gay/lesbian studies' close examination of the socially constructed nature of sexual acts and identities.
Primary and secondary imagination
Coleridge distinguishes between primary and secondary imagination. Primary imagination is an involuntary and subconscious faculty that allows humans to perceive and receive sense impressions from the external world. Secondary imagination is a creative and conscious faculty that selects and reshapes the raw materials of primary imagination to create something new. It involves both conscious selection and subconscious infusion. While primary imagination is a universal human ability, secondary imagination is a heightened creative power that allows poets to blend conscious and unconscious elements into new wholes.
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This document discusses queer theory and its key concepts. It defines queer theory as attempting to redefine sexual identity and preference in order to find a space where homosexuality is seen as normal. It notes that queer theory interrogates how sexuality and identity are constructed. Some basic tenets discussed are that gender and sexuality are socially constructed rather than biological. The document also provides brief overviews of lesbian and gay criticism as well as gay and lesbian literature and history.
Life of cowley by Ghaffar
Abraham Cowley (pronounced Cooley) was born in London, the posthumous son of a wealthy London stationer. He was educated at Westminster School and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took his BA in 1639, was made fellow in 1640, and became MA in 1643. Cowley published his first volume of verse, Poetical Blossoms (1633), when he was 15. The collection consisted of five poems, one of which Cowley had written at age 10. He wrote a pastoral drama and a Latin comedy, Naufragium Ioculare (1638), when he was but 20.
Book review ghaffar
Man’s Search for Meaning written by Viktor E Frankl is one of the most eminent and splendid
works of psychiatric literature after Freud. This book ‘’Man’s Search for Meaning’’ embodies an
account of the author’s personal experiences while being a prisoner in a concentration camp.
According Frankl that the book’s main objective is to answer the question-How the usual and
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there
Plot structure of Doll's House
The way plays are written is a special style of writing called dramatic structure.
This style is different from the way a short story, novel, or poem is written.
In a play, the talk, or conversation between two or more characters is called dialogue.
Dialogue is not set in quotation marks. Instead, the character’s name appears before the spoken part.
Plays are made up entirely of dialogue and stage directions, additional information provided by the playwright or author.
Waiting for Godot, use of imagery and symbolims
Beckett is believed to have said that the name Godot comes from the French "godillot" meaning a military boot. Beckett fought in the war and so spending long periods of time waiting for messages to arrive would have been commonplace for him. The more common interpretation that it might mean "God" is almost certainly wrong. Beckett apparently stated that if he had meant "God," he would have written "God". Godot: it is relatively common name in French
Beckett is believed to have said that the name Godot comes from the French "godillot" meaning a military boot. Beckett fought in the war and so spending long periods of time waiting for messages to arrive would have been commonplace for him. The more common interpretation that it might mean "God" is almost certainly wrong. Beckett apparently stated that if he had meant "God," he would have written "God". Godot: it is relatively common name in French
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Does culture matter
I read Does Culture Matter ? (taken from Two Cheers For Democracy ) by E M Forster . I answer this question as yes ,it matters .The very beginning of the essay is 'Culture is a forbidden word '.He uses it ,in a real and literal sense, for the modern ignorance of cultural stuff .
People are not interested in 'the Classics ' which are the real joy .They are interested in cheap amusement in form of parodies and pastiches which are representations of the real but not original -- hyperreal.
Culture is a kind of ambrosia which helps us in receiving the power to enjoy the Classics .It is not only British culture but the culture of every nation has its sacred importance ( not superstitiously but for the sake of its nation and universe ).
Bhai shab Anil Punia....ram ram phli to......now..... culture is overgrowing.... We can't say it's the 'culture'....culture changes as time changes......and yes culture matters..... Our good rational old faiths, rituals, festivals, our way of life...all is part of culture......nd if we r social beings....it affects us....nd matters for us....
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Prose, competition
According to people in America or England, the only thing that interferes their lives and enjoyments is “struggle for life” or the competition especially between businessmen. This is their pure view of life and they blindly believe on it. But Russell then expresses his idea about the very topic and says that in some situations it’s true but on the other hand this statement is completely wrong. Russell says that struggle for life occurs to those who are unlucky, weak and submissive. To support his argument, Russell gives the example of Conrad’s hero Folk who won the competition over meal from another man but he was purely vegetarian. According to Russell, people don’t name this reason accurately rather they use an “inaccurate phrase” for such trivial things just for the sake of their own dignity. Hence, Russell provides an accurate phrase for “struggle of life” which is “struggle for success” and according to him this is actually what people mean as well but they are unable to name it. So actually Russell first observes that the competition of the workplace is not nearly as serious as is usually imagined; failure does not result in death or starvation. People take the competition so seriously either because they do not realize they can take it less seriously, or because they believe that it would be dishonorable to slack off.
In this struggle for success or life, Russell points out that man does not seem to realize that they are “caught in the grip of a mechanism from which there is no escape” and Russell also points out the drawback of such mechanism and thus put forward his statement that such mechanism repeat themselves and do not allow man “up to a higher level.” Then Russell provides the reader with a business man’s life in which he is very busy towards his struggle for life or success. Russell points out that throughout the day such a man is all engaged in great executions, firm law, “a decisive manner of speech, and an air of sagacious reserve” to impress the allied class and not the “office boy”. He keep in touch with his profitable persons and such a routine is continued till dinner time. Also at dinner table, he has to pretend to enjoy the company of his lady. Russell call such people “poor man” who are unable to escape unless or until they sleep. In the age of Russell, industrialization gave rise to so many tensions and competition is one of them. Through this detailed description of such a hectic life, Russell is trying to point out that in such a competitive era and life, man has forgot himself and his originality and now he is nothing but a machine.
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Kalyaan by shah Abdul Latif
- 1. KALYAAN By: Sumaya Ismail Samoon Roll# 22k16/BLENG/55
- 2. INTRODUCTION OF THE POET • Shah Abdul Latif is one of the greatest poets of the world. • He was born in 1689 in the auspicious family of Shah Habib • His both poetry and saintly marvels stand exceptional. He was also a consummate musician, for its evidence his invention of Tambooro – a musical instrument – stands beyond all doubts
- 3. Cont… • His poetry is replete with the elements of mystic touch, social affairs, courage, struggle, temperance, justice, peace, honesty, metaphysics, compassion, humility, perseverance, patriotism and forbearance • He died in 1752, and is buried at Hala
- 4. What is ‘KALYAAN’ ? • The Risalo (the collection of poetry) of Shah Abdul Latif is divided into different surs (basic melodies). Kalyan is one of the basic melodies. The word Kalyan is derived from Sanskirt language which means: "Peace, Tranquility, Placidness or peace that passesth understanding"
- 5. Cont… • This melody is usually sung immediately after the sun set. Kalyan begins with the praise and appeasement of Almighty Allah, then the poet pays homage to the Holy Prophet and turns to the companions of the Holy Prophet; eventually, the poet focuses those people who believe in Allah and His Prophet and emerge successful, triumphant in the both worlds - the here and the here-after world.
- 6. Lines# 1 Foremost, Omniscient and Supreme is world's Lord, Of His own might in existence since aeons old, Mighty Creator, Merciful, Sustainer, One and Only, His praises sing, He planned and perfected the universe.
- 7. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • In these lines, Shah Abdul Latif describes the Omniscient and Supreme power of God. The poet reveals that Allah is present ever since the beginning, none precedes Him, He precedes all; Allah is immune to beginning and end. All the world is in His control. He is the only ruler of the world who lives always. He is the owner of the entire universe.
- 8. Lines# 2 Those who in Lord's peerless oneness believe, Accept Muhammad's (PBUH) guidance, with heart and speech, Their's is abode of bliss, for they abide God's decree Never misled are they to paths that dubious be.
- 9. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • In these lines Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai want to address the people who believe in oneness of Almighty Allah. He says after believing in ‘toheed’ of Allah it is necessary to be believe in Muhammad as the last messenger with the core of our hurts. These people are firm in their faith even they don’t affected by the luxiourious of this materialistic world. Their firm believe on Allah that is why they are always satisfied and content.
- 10. Lines# 3 Never misled are the firm and pure in heart, The knowing ones become one with the only Lord, For peerless in origin they are.
- 11. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • In these lines, Shah Latif mention the qualities of those people who have firm believe on Allah. . Their faces does not turns towards gloom and disbelieve. They get absorbed into the Infinitude, Infinity of the Lord and lose their "ego‘. Whatever they had they are very much happy with them.
- 12. Lines# 4 All light, Master made them unique or old, Nor fear nor sorrow such ones can hold, For He made them fortunate, in their origin bold.
- 13. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • Those people never forget that what they are just for their actions They have no grief and they are not afraid of from any situation.
- 14. Lines# 5 Seekers severed keep repeating, There be no other God save Him, Their souls united in spiritual traits
- 15. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • In these lines Shah Latif is pointing out those people who are bestowed by spritual light to seek the right path. They believe that there is no match of God. No matter they are physically separated, yet spiritually united with Him. It is a kind of spiritual communion, transmutation or transformation.
- 16. Lines# 6 With care they tread the sacred ways, To seek eternal abode with knowledge rare No rest they know nor idle sit, Their being in non-existence reversed.
- 17. CRITICAL EXPLNATION AND ANALYSIS • In these liens, Shah Abdul Latif refers to the people whose heart's soil is full of love and faith of the Lord. After the observation of this world they with the reason and wisdom they known the right decision for them. They think that they are just a traveler in this world, and their stay in the world is nothing but a short pilgrimage. So they always prepare for the life to come and make themselves ready for the accountability they will be subject to on the Day of Judgment.
- 18. THANK YOU