JUAN DE PLASENCIA (2).pptx
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Juan de Plasencia was a Spanish Franciscan missionary born in 1520 in Plasencia, Spain who came to the Philippines in 1577. He documented his observations of the customs of the Tagalog people, including their social class structure and system of governance. He wrote two important works: The Doctrina Cristiana, one of the earliest books printed in the Philippines, and The Customs of Tagalogs, which described the Tagalog social classes as nobles/maharlikas, commoners/aliping namamahay, and slaves/aliping sa guiguilar. The basic unit of government was the barangay led by a chieftain, and disputes were settled by the chieftain
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The basic government unit was the barangay, ruled by a Datu, Rajah, King or Lakan. Datus had executive, legislative, and judicial powers during peace and military command during war. They also handled foreign affairs. One could become a Datu through inheritance or community selection based on bravery, wealth or wisdom. Laws could be written or oral tradition.
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2. Social status was inherited, with Maharlica status passing through both parents, and children of mixed unions between castes being divided.
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This document provides a summary of key revolts and independence movements in the Philippines from the 16th century to the late 19th century under Spanish colonial rule. It discusses over 25 major revolts caused by issues like abusive governance, oppression, taxation, and the desire to return to native religions and customs. Important revolts and movements included the Katipunan led by Bonifacio, which launched the Philippine Revolution of 1896, as well as the Biak-na-Bato Republic established by Aguinaldo. Tensions increased further following the Spanish-American War of 1898, leading to the Philippines gaining independence from Spain.
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The document summarizes aspects of ancient Filipino civilization prior to colonization, including their social organization into barangays, religious beliefs, rituals, arts, languages, and economic systems centered around agriculture, trade, and subsistence. However, colonization led to a distortion of how Filipinos viewed their own past achievements and civilization.
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The Philippines was ruled as a Spanish colony for 333 years from 1565 to 1893. Spain established a central government, uniting the islands under one nation called "Filipinas" for the first time. The Spanish colonial government suffered from debts and a lack of cooperation from Filipinos. While the population of Spaniards remained low, the Filipino population grew rapidly under Spanish rule. Christianity also spread widely as the Spaniards used the Philippines as a mission field to convert Filipinos and expand Catholic influence in Asia. This religious conversion and the union of church and state helped Spain maintain control over the Philippines for so long.
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Filipinos were educated at home by their mothers and trained in practical skills by their fathers before the arrival of the Spanish. There were over 100 languages spoken among distinct ethnic groups. The Philippine alphabet was called baybayin and was written from left to right. Filipinos had both oral and written literature and played various indigenous musical instruments. They engaged in agriculture, fishing, mining, and trading both domestically and abroad before the Spanish introduced formal Western-style schools.
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Juan de Plasencia was a 16th century Franciscan missionary who authored several important works on the Tagalog people of the Philippines, including his 1589 work "Customs of the Tagalogs". This work detailed Tagalog social structure and customs, including their hierarchical social classes, housing, dress, marriage customs, religious and superstitious beliefs, economy, and writing system. It provided valuable insights into Tagalog society and culture during this time period.
RIPH-Juan-De-Plasencia.pptx
The document discusses the customs of the Tagalog people as described by Juan de Plasencia in the 16th century. It summarizes the social structure, which consisted of datus (chiefs) who governed barangays (communities) of 100 houses. Below the datus were nobles known as maginoo and maharlika. Commoners were called aliping namamahay, while slaves were aliping sa gigilir. Slavery could result from birth, debt, or military imprisonment. The document also describes housing, dress, the transfer of lands and obligations between barangays, and methods for choosing leaders.
CUSTOMS_OF_THE-WPS_Office1.pptx
Course: GEC 1204 – READING IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Reporter: Kent S. Escovidal BSIT-1 MCAFEE
Instructor: John T. Gonzales
Tittle: Custom Of the Tagalog By: JUAN DE PLASENCIA
THE CUSTOMS of the Tagalogs is a narrative on the established culture of the Tagalogs in Luzon written by Juan de Plasencia, a Franciscan missionary in the Tagalog region since 1578 until 1590
This document was written as an answer to the request of the monarchy in Spain which was to provide pieces of information about the government, administration of justice, inheritances, slaves, dowries, worship, burials, and superstition of the "Indians in the colony. In addition, the document is to rectify previous reports about the people’s way of life in the region.
Historical background of the document
*Social classes
Dato or chief captain of wars, who governed, obeyed, and reverenced.
There are three Castes.
NOBLES OR MAHARLIKA Free born, they do not pay taxes or contribute to Dato.
COMMONERS OR ALIPING NAMAMAHAY They live in their own houses and lords of their property and gold.
SLAVES OR ALIPING SA GUIGUILIR They serve their master in his house and his cultivated lands and can be sold.
HOUSES are made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm.
MODE OF DRESSING
Male
Headgear is called Putong (symbolizes the number of persons the wearer had killed) (Upper) a jacket with short sleeves called kanggan. (Lower) bahag
Female
(Upper) Baro or Camisa (lower)Saya
ORNAMENTS
A decorative object or detail that adds quality or distinction to a person, place, or thing.
GOVERNMENT
The government is called Barangay, ruled by a chieftain, and consists of 30 to 100 families together with their relatives and slaves.
ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
The chieftain's executive function includes implementing laws, ensuring order and giving protection to his subject.
Disputes between individuals were settled by a court made up of the chieftain and council of elders.
Inheritance
The 1st son of the barangay chieftain inherits his father’s position; if the 1st son dies, the 2nd son succeeds their father; in the absence of male heirs, it is the eldest daughter that becomes the chieftain.
Slaves
A person becomes slave by:
by captivity in war,
by reason of debt,
by inheritance,
by purchase, and
by committing a crime.
A Slaves can be emancipated through:
by forgiveness,
by paying debt,
by condonation, and
by bravery (where a slave can possibly become a Datu) or by marriage.
Marriage Customs
Men were in general, monogamous, while their wives are called Asawa.
Courtship begins with Paninilbihan.
Prior to marriage the man requires to give a dowry:
Bigaykaya (a piece of land or gold).
Panghihimuyat (a gift for brides’ beliefs)
Bigay –suso (for bride’s wet nurse).
Marriage between couples belonging to different social classes was not common.
Several grounds of divorce are:
Adultery,
Abandonment on the part of the husband's name mo no one else has a good night
Course:
368514245-Rizal-s-World-and-His-Times-Ppt.pptx
This document provides historical context about the world and Philippines during Rizal's time in the 19th century. It describes the political instability and corrupt colonial administration under Spanish rule. The Spanish imposed many evils like forced labor, land monopolization by friars, racial discrimination, and denial of basic human rights to Filipinos. Rizal witnessed these injustices which fueled the growing nationalism and calls for reform and independence in the Philippines during this era of global change.
Slavery in the united states
Slavery existed in the United States from 1619 until 1865, primarily in the Southern states. By 1860 there were nearly 4 million slaves out of a total US population of 12 million, most held by large plantation owners. Slaves endured cruel treatment and inhumane conditions, and an internal slave trade developed that forcibly relocated over 1 million slaves for economic reasons. Abolitionist movements led by figures like Douglass and Beecher Stowe grew in the Northern states, increasing sectional tensions, while the Dred Scott decision of 1857 upheld slavery. The system was finally abolished after the Union victory in the Civil War.
group-1-presentation-in-RPHIS.pptx thanks
The pre-colonial Philippines had a progressive society with powerful and egalitarian cultures. The basic political unit was the barangay, consisting of 30-100 families led by a Datu chieftain. Women held significant power and influence. The economy was self-sufficient, based around agriculture, fishing, mining and trade. In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines, establishing the first European contact and beginning the colonization of the islands by Spain.
group-1-presentation-in-RPHIS.pptx Hello
The pre-colonial Philippines had a progressive society with powerful and egalitarian cultures. The basic political unit was the barangay, consisting of 30-100 families led by a chieftain or datu. Women held significant power and status. The economy was self-sufficient, based around agriculture, fishing, mining and trade. In 1521, Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines, establishing the first European contact and beginning the colonization of the islands by Spain.
GE Rizal: The Philippines of Rizal's Time (11 Evil Colonial Power)
During Rizal's time in the Philippines, the country suffered under oppressive Spanish colonial rule. The Spanish governance was unstable, with frequent changes in leadership. Colonial officials were often corrupt, accepting bribes and imposing harsh punishments. Filipinos had no representation and no rights, facing racial discrimination, abuse of forced labor systems, and an unjust legal system dominated by corrupt friars. This exploitation and oppression ignited nationalist sentiments and a desire for reforms that figures like Rizal sought to advocate.
Customs of the Tagalog Lesson 3.docx
This document summarizes the customs of the Tagalog people in the Philippines as recorded by Juan de Plasencia, a Franciscan missionary, between 1578 and 1590. It describes the tribal system of independent barangays led by local chiefs or datos. Slavery was an established part of their social hierarchy, with inheritance and marriage determining one's social status. Their religious practices involved worship of various gods and spirits through festivals, sacrifices, and shamans. Burial rites and beliefs about the afterlife are also detailed. The document aims to provide the Spanish monarchy information about Tagalog society and culture at the time of early colonization.
2nd block struggle & survival
1. The document profiles several individuals who lived between the 16th and 18th centuries in Latin America, including their backgrounds and accomplishments.
2. Micaela Angela Carrillo was a woman born in 1730 who supported her family by renting land and dealing in real estate after a failed marriage, taking on a role in her community traditionally held by men.
3. The profiles show how these individuals struggled and survived through challenging circumstances, with some achieving respect and status by pursuing occupations at the edges of what was accepted in society at the time.
4. Their stories demonstrate the balance these people sought between asserting their independence and gaining acceptance within the social structures they lived under.
Slavery power point presentation
The document discusses the history of slavery from its origins in early America to modern times. It notes that in 1619, 20 Africans were brought to America as indentured servants but were still brought involuntarily. Slavery expanded and slaves were expected to perform hard labor and sometimes sexual favors. The document also discusses modern slavery, noting that over 20 million people globally are currently enslaved. It provides details on modern slavery practices in Haiti and how children are commonly sold and trafficked as sex slaves or laborers. The document concludes with a brief overview of slavery in ancient Greece and Rome.
Slavery power point presentation
1) Slavery has existed in various forms throughout history, including the involuntary servitude of Africans beginning in 1619 in America, child sex trafficking in places like Haiti today, and widespread use of slaves in ancient Rome and Greece.
2) Modern slavery persists around the world, with over 20 million people currently being held as slaves, especially vulnerable groups like women and children.
3) While some slave systems treated slaves relatively well, most involved hard physical labor without possibility of freedom, and slaves were often subject to cruel conditions and abuse.
Slideshare
The document discusses the negative impacts of Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines. It summarizes that the Spanish regarded Filipinos as inferior despite introducing Christianity, enacted discriminatory laws, imposed abusive labor systems, and had a corrupt government dominated by friars. This led to Filipinos having their rights denied and being brutalized without access to fair justice. The heroic struggles of Philippines icons were needed to achieve freedom and fight for just treatment regardless of race.
Juan de Plasencia " Custom of the Tagalogs "
Fray Juan de Plasencia was a 16th century Franciscan missionary who arrived in the Philippines in 1578. He wrote "Relacion de las Costumbres" to describe the customs of the Tagalog people and end injustices against natives by some Spanish officials. The document outlines the social hierarchy of datus, nobles, commoners and slaves. It also describes housing, dress, government as organized around barangays led by datus, religious beliefs involving many gods, and an agricultural economic life. Marriage required dowries and divorce was allowed in some situations. The Tagalog language was written using an alphabetic script on materials like leaves and bamboo.
historicalbackground-181016234710.pdf
Course: GEC 1204 – READING IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY
Reporter: Kent S. Escovidal BSIT-1 MCAFEE
Instructor: John T. Gonzales
Tittle: Custom Of the Tagalog By: JUAN DE PLASENCIA
THE CUSTOMS of the Tagalogs is a narrative on the established culture of the Tagalogs in Luzon written by Juan de Plasencia, a Franciscan missionary in the Tagalog region since 1578 until 1590
This document was written as an answer to the request of the monarchy in Spain which was to provide pieces of information about the government, administration of justice, inheritances, slaves, dowries, worship, burials, and superstition of the "Indians in the colony. In addition, the document is to rectify previous reports about the people’s way of life in the region.
Historical background of the document
*Social classes
Dato or chief captain of wars, who governed, obeyed, and reverenced.
There are three Castes.
NOBLES OR MAHARLIKA Free born, they do not pay taxes or contribute to Dato.
COMMONERS OR ALIPING NAMAMAHAY They live in their own houses and lords of their property and gold.
SLAVES OR ALIPING SA GUIGUILIR They serve their master in his house and his cultivated lands and can be sold.
HOUSES are made of wood, bamboo, and nipa palm.
MODE OF DRESSING
Male
Headgear is called Putong (symbolizes the number of persons the wearer had killed) (Upper) a jacket with short sleeves called kanggan. (Lower) bahag
Female
(Upper) Baro or Camisa (lower)Saya
ORNAMENTS
A decorative object or detail that adds quality or distinction to a person, place, or thing.
GOVERNMENT
The government is called Barangay, ruled by a chieftain, and consists of 30 to 100 families together with their relatives and slaves.
ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
The chieftain's executive function includes implementing laws, ensuring order and giving protection to his subject.
Disputes between individuals were settled by a court made up of the chieftain and council of elders.
Inheritance
The 1st son of the barangay chieftain inherits his father’s position; if the 1st son dies, the 2nd son succeeds their father; in the absence of male heirs, it is the eldest daughter that becomes the chieftain.
Slaves
A person becomes slave by:
by captivity in war,
by reason of debt,
by inheritance,
by purchase, and
by committing a crime.
A Slaves can be emancipated through:
by forgiveness,
by paying debt,
by condonation, and
by bravery (where a slave can possibly become a Datu) or by marriage.
Marriage Customs
Men were in general, monogamous, while their wives are called Asawa.
Courtship begins with Paninilbihan.
Prior to marriage the man requires to give a dowry:
Bigaykaya (a piece of land or gold).
Panghihimuyat (a gift for brides’ beliefs)
Bigay –suso (for bride’s wet nurse).
Marriage between couples belonging to different social classes was not common.
Several grounds of divorce are:
Adultery,
Abandonment on the part of the husband
GEC 1204BSIT-1TagalogLuzon
Course:
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JUAN DE PLASENCIA (2).pptx
- 2. JUAN DE PLASENCIA • Was Born at 1520 in Plasencia Spain • Real name of Juan is FRAY JUAN DE PLASENCIA • HE died in Lilio, in the province of la laguna in 1590 • Also Known Ministro de Hacienda • HE came to the philippines islands as one of the 1st franciscan misssionaries in 1577
- 3. JUAN DE PLASENCIA • HE was well known for his linguistic abilities • HE cames to the philippines to ducument the customs and tradition of the colonized (natives) based on , arguably, his own observation and judgements. • He wrote the Doctrina Cristiana • Als0 he wrote the customs of tagalogs
- 4. THERE IS NO EQUAL RIGHTS OR TREATMENT FOR THE SLAVE
- 5. “THE CUSTOMS OF TAGALOGS” SOCIAL CLASSES
- 6. DATOS • This people always had a chiefs, Called Datos • These chiefs ruled over but few people • he own one government • the chiefs in some villages had also fisheries
- 7. NOBLES OR MAHARLIKA Free born , they do not pay taxes. Maharlicas are those on both the father's and mother's side who continue to be so forever; when they should become slaves it's always through marriage. When maharlicas had children among slaves, the children & the mother becomes free, & when one of the maharlicas had children by the slave- woman of another they became compelled. If he did not do the half-belonging to the father who supplied the child with food, he showed that he did not recognize him as his child, which case the latter was a wholly slave. If a free woman had children by slave, they were all free.
- 8. If two person got married, of whom one was a maharlika and the other is slave, children's were divided they belongs to the father as the third, fifth, second, fourth, and sixth belongs to the mother, and more. If the father were free & slave, it applied to the one who's belong to him & it goes the same with the mother. Slaves fell under the category of servitude. On these two kinds of slaves the sa guigullir could be sold, but not the namamahay and their children.
- 9. COMMONER OR ALIPING NAMAMAHAY They live in their own houses and lords of their property and gold Commoners called aliping namamahay , served their master and gave half of their cultivated lands.
- 10. For example: The first child of male freeman and a female alipin would be free, But their second child would be an alipin like the mother, and so on with the rest of the children. if the number of child was no even, the last chil would be a partial alipin.
- 11. SLAVES OR ALIPING SA GUIGUILIR They serve their master in his house and his cultivated lands and can be sold. Whom a debt was owed they transferred the debt to another, there by they’re making themselves a profit. through war, the trade of goldsmith, or other ransomed himself , becoming a namamahay or a commoner. price of the ransom was less than five taels, but if he gave or more taels, he became wholly free.
- 12. Aliping namamahay and aliping sa guiguilar, should be noted: for, by a confusion of the two terms, many have been classed as slaves who really are not.
- 13. GOVERNMENT The unit of government is called barangay ruled by a chieftain and consist 0f 30 to 100 families together with their relatives and slaves.
- 14. ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE • The chieftains executive function includes implementing laws, ensuring order and giving protection to his subject. • Disputes between individuals were settled by a court made up of the chieftan and council
- 15. INHERITANCE The 1st son of the barangay chieftain inherits his father’s position; if the 1st son dies, the 2nd son succeeds there is eldest daughter that becomes the chieftain.
- 16. DOCTRINA CHRISTIANA The title literally means "The Teachings of Christianity", The Doctrina Christiana was an early book of Roman Catholic catechism, written in 1593 by Fray Juan de Plasencia, and is believed to be one of the earliest books printed in the Philippines.
- 17. THANK YOU!