This document summarizes the customs of the Tagalog people in the Philippines as recorded by Spanish chroniclers in the 16th and 17th centuries. It describes the tribal system of barangays where chiefs helped one another in wars. Society was divided into nobles, commoners, and slaves. Inheritance and marriage customs are detailed, including the division of dowries. The religious practices of the Tagalogs are also outlined, such as their worship in simbahan temples led by the officiating priest Catalonan. Various devil priests and their supernatural powers are named and defined.

1. WMSU
CUSTOMS
OF
TAGALOGS
FIRST SEMESTER
(ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022)
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3. Authors Background
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• Juan De Plasencia was a Spanish friar of Franciscan order. He was
among the first group of Franciscan missionaries who arrived in the
island on July 02, 1578.
• Fray Juan was born to the illustrious family of the Portacarreros in
Plasencia in the region of Extremadura, Spain, in the early 16th
century.
• He spent most of his missionary life in the Philippines , where the
founded numerous towns in the provinces of Bulacan, Laguna, and
Rizal.
• He authored several religious and linguistic books, most notably the
Doctrina Cristiana ( Christian Doctrine), the first book ever printed
in the Philippines.
• Juan de Plasencia passed away in Liliw, Laguna in the year 1590.

4. When was the account written?
• The account was written during
1979, Manila.
• However, Customs of Tagalog is a
part of longer monographs written
by the chroniclers of Spanish
expeditions to the Philippines
during early 16th and 17th centuries.
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5. Mention of Date/s
•October 21, 1589
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6. • Datos or Chiefs
• Nobles or Maharlica
Commoners
• Slaves
Inaasava
Nagcarlan
Bathala
Licha
Dian Masalanta
Catalonan
• Mangagaulay
Manyisalat
Hoclobon
Silagan
Magtatangal
Osuang
Mangagayoma
Vibit
Bayoguin
Aetas or Negrillos (
Negritos)
• Patianac
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Key Personalities

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8. Sequencing of events
• The Bayanihan spirit privades among the people of the
Philippines, specifically the Tagalogs.
• The tribal gathering is called in Tagalog a Barangay.
• The chiefs in their various wars helped one another with
their respective barangays.
• There were three castes: Nobles, Commoners, and Slaves.
• If two persons married, eitebr Maharlica or slave , the
children will be divided the first, third and fifth belonged
to the father while the second, fourth and sixth belonged
to the mother regardless of their gender.
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• The Maharlicas could not, after marriage , move from
one village to another, or from one barangay to
another with paying a certain fine in gold, as arranged
among them.
• Investigations made and sentences passed by the Dato
must take place in the presence of those of his
barangay.
• They condemned no one to slavery, less he merited
the death penalty.
• In terms of loans, it turns out that the borrower gives
half of his cultivated lands and profits until he pays
his debt.

10. • As for inheritances, the legitimate children of father
and mother inherited equally.
• When the parents give a dowry to any son, and when
in order to marry him to a chief’s daughter, the dowry
was greater that the sum given the other sons; the
excess was not counted in the whole property to be
divided.
• In the case of a child of a free married woman, born
while she was married, if the husband punished the
adulterer this was considered a dowry, and the child
entered with the others in the partition in the
inheritance.
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11. • Adopted childen if whome they are many among them ,
inherited the double of what was paid for their adoption.
• Dowries were given by the men to the women’s parents.
• It should be noticed that unmarried women can own no
property , in land or dowry , for the reuskt of all their
labors accrues to their parents.
• May our Lord bestow upon your Lordship His grace an
spirit, so that in every step good fortune may be yours;
and upon every occasion may your Lordship deign to
consider me your humble servant, to be which would be
the greatest satisfaction and favor that I receive.
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12. The worships of the tagalogs
• A temple or a place of adoration is what we called
SIMBAHAN.
• They constricted for the purpose of sheltering the
assembled people , a temporary shed in each side of
the house, with a roof, called SIBI.
• The whole barangay or family united and joined in
the worship , called NAGAANITOS.
• Dian Masalanta, whome a patron of lovers and of the
generation.
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13. • Lacapan and Indianale, were the patrons of cultivated
lands and of husbandry.
• Catalonan, the officiating priest.
• The distinctions made among the oriest of the devil.
• Mangagaulay, wishes who deceived by pretending to
heal the sick.
• Manyisalat, power of applying such remedies to
lovers.
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14. • Mancuculam, whose duty was to emit fire form
himself at night.
• Hoclobon, by simple saluting or raising the hand ,
they killed whom tbey chose.
• Silagan, if they saw anyone clothed in white, to tear
out it’s liver and eat it.
• Magtatangal, show himself to many person’s ,
without his head or entrails.
• Osuang, murder men and eat their flesh.
• Mangagayoma, they made charms for lovers.
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15. • Sonat,he predicted the salvation or
condemnation of the soul.
• Pangatahojan, a soothsayer and predicted
the future.
• Bayoguin, a man whose nature inclined
toward that of a woman.
• The manner of burying a dead body
follows a certain things.
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16. • The Aetas or Negritos had also a form of
burial but different.
• Maca or what they called the paradise and
village or rest.
• Casanaan or the place of punishment and
anguish.
• There were also ghost which they called Vibit
and Phantoms, Tigbalang.
• If a woman died in childbirth , she and the
child suffered punishment, it could be heard
lamenting and that is called Patianac.
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17. SUMMARY OR ANALYSIS
• To sum up about the Customs of Tagalogs, it is
basically the practices that is being formed and
followed by the people. We all know that
Bayanihan is really known here in the
Philippines and even up to today we are still
giving credits and making efforts through
Bayanihan. The piece was able to show how
government system works during the time of
Datus or Chiefs with the help of one another.
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18. • It was shown how they categorized the
people with the leadership of a Datu. It also
emphasizes the loans , inheritances and
even the dowriesthat until now it is being
practiced by some group of people or tribes.
Lastly, the piece showed and explained the
distinctions made among the priests of the
devil.
• A little reminder, if you believe in those
distinctions that made by the priests of the
devil or you do not, let’s show some respect.
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20. THANK YOU AND GOD
BLESS!!!
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