Job analysis is the process of collecting information about the duties, responsibilities, skills, and requirements of a particular job. It involves reviewing the responsibilities of current employees in that role, researching similar jobs, analyzing the tasks and responsibilities, and identifying important outcomes. Common methods of job analysis include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and reviewing work records. The results of a job analysis are used to create a job description and job specification. A job description outlines the general duties and responsibilities of a role, while a job specification defines the qualifications, traits, and characteristics needed to perform the job effectively.