Dairy effluent contains dissolved sugars, proteins, fats, and minerals from dairy processing. It has a high biological and chemical oxygen demand. Common treatment techniques include screens and separators to remove floatable solids, and equalization tanks to reduce flow fluctuations. Primary treatment uses sedimentation to remove settleable solids. Secondary treatment uses biological oxidation in aerobic ponds, facultative ponds, or activated sludge processes to reduce organic content by 70-90%. Anaerobic digestion further breaks down material to produce biogas. The overall goal is to reduce pollutants before environmental discharge or reuse.
Wastewater Treatment for Sugar Industry Hülya Pala
I decided to share my another presentation about wastewater treatment which is especially about sugar industry to be beneficial for you.( The link for slide 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP_fgp7zYKk)
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautamarchana gautam
The dairy industry involves processing raw milk into products such as consumer milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, condensed milk, dried milk (milk powder), and ice cream, using processes such as chilling, pasteurization, and homogenization. Typical by-products include buttermilk, whey, and their derivatives. Dairy industries have shown tremendous growth in size and number inmost countries of the world . These industries discharge wastewater which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, nutrients, and organic and inorganic contents. Such wastewaters, if discharged without proper treatment, severely pollute receiving water bodies.
Dairy processing plants can be divided into two categories:
Fluid milk processing involving the pasteurization and processing of raw milk into liquid milk for direct consumption, as well as cream, flavored milk, and fermented products such as buttermilk and yogurt.
Industrial milk processing involving the pasteurization and processing of raw milk into value-added dairy products such as cheese and casein, butter and other milk fats, milk powder and condensed milk, whey powder and other dairy ingredients, and ice cream and other frozen dairy products.
Wastewater Treatment for Sugar Industry Hülya Pala
I decided to share my another presentation about wastewater treatment which is especially about sugar industry to be beneficial for you.( The link for slide 5: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EP_fgp7zYKk)
Dairy waste water treatmentby arhana gautamarchana gautam
The dairy industry involves processing raw milk into products such as consumer milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, condensed milk, dried milk (milk powder), and ice cream, using processes such as chilling, pasteurization, and homogenization. Typical by-products include buttermilk, whey, and their derivatives. Dairy industries have shown tremendous growth in size and number inmost countries of the world . These industries discharge wastewater which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, nutrients, and organic and inorganic contents. Such wastewaters, if discharged without proper treatment, severely pollute receiving water bodies.
Dairy processing plants can be divided into two categories:
Fluid milk processing involving the pasteurization and processing of raw milk into liquid milk for direct consumption, as well as cream, flavored milk, and fermented products such as buttermilk and yogurt.
Industrial milk processing involving the pasteurization and processing of raw milk into value-added dairy products such as cheese and casein, butter and other milk fats, milk powder and condensed milk, whey powder and other dairy ingredients, and ice cream and other frozen dairy products.
Deals with what is activated sludge, mechanisms and kinetics of treatment, design of activated sludge process, secondary clarifiers and their design and bulking sludge, raising sludge and foaming of ASP.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Deals with what is activated sludge, mechanisms and kinetics of treatment, design of activated sludge process, secondary clarifiers and their design and bulking sludge, raising sludge and foaming of ASP.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Effluent Treatment Plant
What is ETP
Need fo ETP
Design of ETP
Design of ETP
Sludge treatment process
Flowchart of ETP
Case study of ETP
ETP plant operation
Textile plant ETP
Equalization
Sedimentation
Settlers
Sludge treatment process
Flowchart of ETP
Case study of ETP
ETP plant operation
Textile plant ETP
Equalization
Sedimentation
Settlers
PH adjustment
Industrial waste water purification procedurepasindulaksara1
The effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is a method that is used to treat the emanation coming out from many areas of the plant. It includes biological, physical, and chemical processes. It aims to releasing safe water into the environment to prevent it from getting cop0ntaminated. These plants are have been very useful in the process of providing clean water to the environment and have conserved water in a number of ways.
Use of biotechnology in the treatment of municipal wastes and hazardousindust...Sijo A
Industrial waste water is a type of waste water produced by industrial activity, such as that of factories, mills and mines.
It is characterised by its large volume, high temperature, high concentration of biodegradable organic matter and suspended solids, high alkanity or acidity and by variations of flow.
The treatment of wastes by micro-organisms is called biological waste treatment.
With rising crude prices and depleting quality of crude, however, the level of wastewater pollutants in petroleum wastewater is at new high. Such conditions are forcing refineries to use a more advanced water treatment, water recovery methods, and robust processes that work well under a variety of conditions and can handle the changing refinery effluent flow rates. Finally a process that is economical in overall life time cost is needed to make all of this feasible. Aquatech has experience working with these refinery effluent pollutants in the refinery market and offers the advanced petroleum wastewater treatment and recovery technology necessary for the refinery’s needs.
The efficient disposal of effluent from meat plants and meat-processing works is important because of the possible pollution of water – courses. Hence an effluent treatment plant (ETP) is necessary in all modern abattoirs/meat plants. The objective of effluent treatment is to produce a product that can be safely discharged into a waterway or sewer in compliance with the recommended limits for discharge.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
1. College of Veterinary and Animal Science,
Navania, Vallabhnagar,Udaipur
Dairy Effluent Treatment
Submitted by
Jayesh Dhoral
2. Demand of milk and milk products is increasing day to day.
Dairies collect milk from farmers and either bottle it or manufacturer various
milk products.
During these processing large quantity of effluent is generated.
Spills and leaks of products or by products, residual milk or milk products in
piping and equipment before cleaning,wash solutions from equipment and
floors , condensate from evaporation processes,cheese trimming are some of
the sources of dairy effluent in a dairy plants.
INTRODUCTION
3.
4. Dairy effluent:-
Dairy effluents contain dissolved sugar, protein, fat and
minerals.
The key parameters of dairy effluent are biological
oxygen demand(BOD), chemical oxygen
demand(COD),total suspended solids, total dissolved
solids etc.
Common dairy waste techniques:- Grease traps, oil
water separators for separation of floatable
solids,equilization tanks.
B.O.D.:-is a important measure of water quality and is
the amount of dissolved oxygen cosumed by bacteria
and other micro- organisms to oxidised the organiuc
matter in waste water over a period of 5 days at 20
degree celcius.
C.O.D.:-is the amount of oxygen necessary to oxidise
5.
6. Objectives :-
To reduce the organic content of the waste water.
To remove or reduce nutrients that could cause pollution of
receiving surface waters or ground water.
To remove or inactive potential pathogenic micro-organisms
or parasites.
8. PRE- TREATMENT
Includes flow equilization and the separation of floatable
matter and settleable solids.
(1)Flow equilization
Flow equilization is adopt to reduce hydraulic loading in the waste
stream.
Consists of a holding tank and pumpimg device to reduce the
fluctuation of effluent discharge.
The equilisation tank has the capacity to store waste water for
recycling and reuse through out the day.
(2)Screening
Most frequently used process.
Screening devices:- Vibrating screens, static screens, or rotary
screens.
The screening device hold the solids and are remove from screen.
11. (3)Skimming
Skimming is frequently incorporated if large
floatable solids are present.
These solids are collected and transferred into
some disposal unit.
12. PRIMARY TREATMENT
Principle – To remove particles from the
waste water.
(1)Sedimentation
Most common primary treatment technique used to remove
solids from the waste water in effluent because most waste
water contains substantial amount or readily settleable
solids.
About 40 – 60% solids or about 25-30 % of the BOD can be
removed by screening and sedimentation.
A rectangular settling tank or circular tank clarifier is most
frequently used for the sedimentation process.
In this process, Sludge settle down on the bottom
13. Floatation
This is a treatment process in which oil, grease and their
suspended solids are removed from waste water.
Air bubbles can be created in the waste water treatment
process by using rotating impellers or air diffusers to form
air bubbles at atmospheric pressure.
Tiny particles get attached to air bubbles and the specific
gravity of the aggregate particles become less and thus
get separated on the top.
14. SECONDARY TREATMENT
Treatment through biological oxidation is the most
common technique for secondary treatment.
(a)Aerobic ponds
Aerobic and anaerobic ponds have normally been referred to as
stabilization ponds.
Approaximately 20% of BOD sent to an aerobic ponds is converted
to sludge, solids and BOD is reduced by 70 – 90 %.
These ponds incorporated use of mechanical aerators to supply
atmospheric oxygen for enhancing biological oxidation.
16. (b)Facultative ponds
Treatment is achieved by action of aerobic, aerobic and
facultative micro-organisms.
In the upper zone, oxygen is supplied by photosynthetic
green and blue green algae.
In aerobic zone, heterotrophic bacteria degrade organic
matter in dairy wastes and produce carbon di oxide and
micro- nutrients needed by algae . Dead bacteria and
algae settle to the bottom of the pond and are degraded
by anaerobic micro-organisms.
During anaerobic decomposition, methane, hydrogen
sulphide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen may be released to
the atmosphere. Sludge removed from the base of pond.
BOD removals of upto 90% .
17. (c) Anaerobic ponds
The treatment principle involved with this method involves biological
oxidation and solid sedimentation
This treatment involves conversion of dissolved, suspended, and settled solids
to volatile gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and methane.
Under anaerobic conditions, anaerobes digest the organic matter.
BOD reduction efficiency = 60-80 %
18. Activated sludge process for waste
treatment
The activated sludge process involves return of a portion
of the clarifier- settled sludge to be mixed with waste
water entering the reactor.
The process consists aerobic oxidation of organic matter
to carbon dioxide, ammonia, water and cell biomass
followed by sedimentation of activated sludge.
22. Anaerobic Digestion
Anaerobic digestion is a process by which micro-
organisms breakdown biodegradable material in the
absence of oxygen.
In anaerobic digestion of dairy waste water, acidogenic
bacteria convert the sugar and amino acids into carbon
dioxide, nitrogen, ammonia and organic acids. It serves as
excellent manure when dried.