This document proposes developing a commercial jackfruit industry in Karnataka, India by establishing a Jackfruit Institute and processing centers. It notes that 75% of jackfruit in Karnataka is currently wasted, representing lost economic and food security opportunities. It discusses how case studies of other crop commercialization (potato, pineapple, pomegranate) and precedents in other regions show the need for variety research, processing technology development, and strategic marketing. The national and international markets for jackfruit products are growing, indicating it is the right time for Karnataka to invest in its jackfruit industry.
This document presents a financial analysis of a banana cultivation project in India. It analyzes the net present worth, benefit-cost ratio, internal rate of return, and profitability index of investing in a 1 hectare banana farm. All the financial metrics - NPW, BCR, IRR, and profitability index - show favorable and positive values, indicating that the banana cultivation project is financially viable and preferable for investment. In summary, the financial analysis demonstrates that the project would be profitable and have a positive return on investment.
Jackfruit is a tropical fruit native to India that grows on large trees. It is considered the national fruit of Bangladesh. The fruit is high in nutrients and used for many purposes including as a vegetable, in pickles, chips, and leather. India is a major producer of jackfruit, with Kerala being the largest producing state. There is potential to increase production and develop value-added products from jackfruit internationally and in India.
The document discusses coconut breeding and improvement. It describes the classification of coconut varieties into tall and dwarf types based on growth characteristics. Mass selection and hybridization techniques are used for coconut breeding. Important hybrid combinations tried include dwarf x dwarf, tall x dwarf, and tall x tall crosses. Tall x dwarf hybrids exhibit heterosis and possess desirable traits like early bearing and higher productivity.
27.papaya varieties in the world By Allah Dad Khan Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes information about different papaya varieties from around the world. It describes characteristics of varieties from the USA like 'Dwarf', 'Giant', and 'Delicious' as well as varieties from India like CO.1, CO.2, CO.3, CO.5, and varieties from other countries like Mexico, Hawaii, Taiwan, and Washington State. Traits covered include plant size, fruit size, shape, color, taste, disease tolerance and uses for eating fresh or processing.
The document discusses the potential of vegetables as a source of nutraceuticals and phytochemicals. It begins with definitions of nutraceuticals and classifications of phytochemicals. Two case studies are presented that demonstrate the medicinal properties and health benefits of wild vegetables consumed in India. One study shows 15 wild vegetables used locally and their reported therapeutic uses. The second case study finds that eating vegetables before carbohydrates can reduce post-prandial glucose and insulin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. The document also discusses the role of vegetables in preventing diabetes and malnutrition. It notes statistics on the prevalence of these conditions in India. Overall, the document presents research supporting the use of vegetables for medicinal purposes and maintaining
This document discusses vertical farming as a solution to issues with traditional agriculture. Vertical farming grows crops in stacked layers and controlled environments. It has several advantages over traditional farming like increased crop yields, protection from weather, reduced water and land usage, and higher quality produce. A proposed vertical farm design could support 15,000 people on 0.25 hectares of land through multiple stacking, compared to needing 68 hectares with traditional farming. While the initial costs are higher, vertical farming uses fewer resources and has higher yields. It has potential to help address issues like increasing population, loss of arable land, and food security in cities. However, it also faces challenges like higher energy costs than traditional farming.
The document discusses process documentation in agricultural development projects. It defines process documentation as systematically capturing and organizing information about how a project's processes and activities unfold over time, including interactions between stakeholders and contextual factors. This helps project staff understand what is happening, share lessons learned, and adapt processes to other contexts. The document provides guidance on what to document, methods of documentation, organizing and disseminating information, and skills needed for process documentation specialists.
This document presents a financial analysis of a banana cultivation project in India. It analyzes the net present worth, benefit-cost ratio, internal rate of return, and profitability index of investing in a 1 hectare banana farm. All the financial metrics - NPW, BCR, IRR, and profitability index - show favorable and positive values, indicating that the banana cultivation project is financially viable and preferable for investment. In summary, the financial analysis demonstrates that the project would be profitable and have a positive return on investment.
Jackfruit is a tropical fruit native to India that grows on large trees. It is considered the national fruit of Bangladesh. The fruit is high in nutrients and used for many purposes including as a vegetable, in pickles, chips, and leather. India is a major producer of jackfruit, with Kerala being the largest producing state. There is potential to increase production and develop value-added products from jackfruit internationally and in India.
The document discusses coconut breeding and improvement. It describes the classification of coconut varieties into tall and dwarf types based on growth characteristics. Mass selection and hybridization techniques are used for coconut breeding. Important hybrid combinations tried include dwarf x dwarf, tall x dwarf, and tall x tall crosses. Tall x dwarf hybrids exhibit heterosis and possess desirable traits like early bearing and higher productivity.
27.papaya varieties in the world By Allah Dad Khan Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document summarizes information about different papaya varieties from around the world. It describes characteristics of varieties from the USA like 'Dwarf', 'Giant', and 'Delicious' as well as varieties from India like CO.1, CO.2, CO.3, CO.5, and varieties from other countries like Mexico, Hawaii, Taiwan, and Washington State. Traits covered include plant size, fruit size, shape, color, taste, disease tolerance and uses for eating fresh or processing.
The document discusses the potential of vegetables as a source of nutraceuticals and phytochemicals. It begins with definitions of nutraceuticals and classifications of phytochemicals. Two case studies are presented that demonstrate the medicinal properties and health benefits of wild vegetables consumed in India. One study shows 15 wild vegetables used locally and their reported therapeutic uses. The second case study finds that eating vegetables before carbohydrates can reduce post-prandial glucose and insulin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. The document also discusses the role of vegetables in preventing diabetes and malnutrition. It notes statistics on the prevalence of these conditions in India. Overall, the document presents research supporting the use of vegetables for medicinal purposes and maintaining
This document discusses vertical farming as a solution to issues with traditional agriculture. Vertical farming grows crops in stacked layers and controlled environments. It has several advantages over traditional farming like increased crop yields, protection from weather, reduced water and land usage, and higher quality produce. A proposed vertical farm design could support 15,000 people on 0.25 hectares of land through multiple stacking, compared to needing 68 hectares with traditional farming. While the initial costs are higher, vertical farming uses fewer resources and has higher yields. It has potential to help address issues like increasing population, loss of arable land, and food security in cities. However, it also faces challenges like higher energy costs than traditional farming.
The document discusses process documentation in agricultural development projects. It defines process documentation as systematically capturing and organizing information about how a project's processes and activities unfold over time, including interactions between stakeholders and contextual factors. This helps project staff understand what is happening, share lessons learned, and adapt processes to other contexts. The document provides guidance on what to document, methods of documentation, organizing and disseminating information, and skills needed for process documentation specialists.
To evaluate the scope of the vertical farming concept in the building levels of the future Indian cities. And thereby to analyze how well this concept can integrated be into the urban to sow the seeds for the future and to resolve the long-standing paradox of humanity’s inclination towards exponential demographic and economic growth while inhabiting a planet of limited resource material means.
This document outlines several objectives and challenges related to agriculture in Odisha, India. The objectives are to create a shared vision for stakeholders in the sector, address issues undermining investment, ensure access and participation, optimize resources, foster competitiveness and growth, and build partnerships. Key challenges include a lack of storage, transportation, market information, and credit, as well as natural disasters, improper water management, soil degradation, and labor shortages. The document calls for common trading platforms and more efficient use of government resources and technology to help address these issues in Odisha's agricultural system.
This document provides an introduction to forestry and includes questions related to key forestry terms and concepts. It covers topics such as the history and definition of forestry, important figures in the field, different types of forests and their classification, forest management techniques like thinning and regeneration, and forestry instruments. The questions test knowledge of these foundational forestry topics through multiple choice and true/false questions.
Prospects & challenges of contract farming for potato in indiaSAMEER LAKHANI
This document provides an outline for a presentation on the prospects and challenges of contract farming for potato in India. It discusses the objectives of contract farming, the history and types of contract farming in India. It also summarizes the potato production scenarios worldwide and in India, highlighting India as the 3rd largest producer. The document identifies the need for contract farming in India to help small farmers access markets and technology. However, it also notes challenges in ensuring contract farming benefits all farmers.
Achievements and challenges in Ethiopian agricultureILRI
Presented by Dr. Abera Deresa (State Minister, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) at the 'Dialogue on Ethiopia’s Agricultural Development', 12 November 2015, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
This document discusses the challenges facing Indian agriculture and how science and technology can help meet those challenges. It outlines several emerging challenges including population growth, resource degradation, climate change, and globalization. To increase food production sustainably, the document proposes focusing on improving input efficiency, bridging yield gaps between potential and actual yields, and developing new stress-resistant crop varieties. It emphasizes the need for location-specific integrated crop management approaches.
This case study describes a coconut breeding program in Vanuatu that aimed to develop varieties tolerant to Coconut Fatal Disease (CFD). The program crossed the local Vanuatu Tall variety with the introduced Rennell Island Tall variety. Offspring were screened for CFD tolerance and the least susceptible were self-pollinated and backcrossed to Vanuatu Tall to introgress tolerance. Selected self-pollinated Rennell Island Tall were also intercrossed in an effort to build tolerance into the local germplasm. The goal was to genetically determine the mechanism of CFD tolerance and develop varieties tolerant to the disease before it potentially spreads further.
This document provides information on canopy management techniques for guava trees. It discusses:
1. Guava is an important tropical fruit crop native to tropical America that is now widely grown in India.
2. Canopy management techniques include using dwarfing rootstocks, training trees using open center or modified leader systems, and annual pruning to develop a strong framework and maximize fruit production.
3. The use of growth retardants and pruning can help regulate flowering and fruiting seasons to produce higher quality winter crops with better prices.
1) Corn and soybeans now occupy over 60% of Iowa's total land area and over 80% of its cropland, showing a decline in crop diversity in the central US.
2) Diversified farming systems that incorporate perennials, cover crops, and livestock into crop rotations can provide environmental benefits like improved soil health, water quality, climate resilience, and wildlife habitat compared to monoculture corn and soybean systems.
3) Barriers to adopting more diverse farming practices include economic and policy incentives for specialization, lack of markets and infrastructure, and cultural beliefs; while drivers include risk management, interest in new markets, and support from community.
Watermelon is a vine-like plant that produces large, edible berries. It originated in Africa and was cultivated in India and China by the 7th-10th centuries. Watermelons require bees for pollination and thrive in well-draining soil with ample water and sunlight. Proper spacing, weed control, and preventing diseases and pests are important for high yields of the sweet, juicy fruit.
This presentation discusses the domestication of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in Nepal. It begins with introducing NTFPs and defining domestication. The objectives are then stated as assessing opportunities and challenges of NTFP domestication. Methodology describes using secondary data sources. Opportunities discussed include Nepal's biodiversity, the growing international NTFP market, and potential for conservation and income generation. Challenges include technical difficulties in cultivation, lack of market infrastructure and support, as well as social, economic and policy barriers. The conclusion recognizes domestication potential but also threats to some NTFP species. Recommendations suggest providing financial and technical support to farmers for large-scale domestication, and improving
Report in retail on Fresh Vegetables and fruitsPushpika Vyas
Vegito is a proposed retail company focused on selling fresh fruits and vegetables in Warangal, India. The company aims to establish a retail outlet that links local farmers directly to consumers, improving farmers' incomes and ensuring a year-round supply of locally grown produce. Key aspects of the proposed business include sourcing from local farmers and distributors, operating a retail store with produce organized by temperature requirements, and employing a staff including managers, administrators and general workers. The startup requires an investment of approximately 212 lakhs to cover initial fixed costs such as building construction, equipment, and vehicles. Ongoing monthly expenses are estimated at 76 lakhs.
Value Addition of Underutilized Crops Aarti Nimesh
Underutilized crops were once grown more widely or intensively
But are falling into disuse for a variety of agronomic, genetic,
Economic and cultural reasons. Farmers and consumers are using these crops less because they are in some way not competing with other species in the same agricultural environment. The decline of these crops may erode the genetic base and prevent distinctive and valuable traits being used in crop adaptation and improvement.
FARM PLAN MODELS Of INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM For Small and Marginal FarmersSubham Dwivedi
This document describes an integrated farming system model for small and marginal farmers. The model incorporates crop production, dairy farming, horticulture, fisheries, apiary, and vermicomposting on a 1.5 hectare plot of land. The system aims to maximize productivity and profitability through efficient utilization and recycling of resources between the different enterprises. Byproducts from one component are used as inputs for others to minimize waste and optimize resource use. The integrated approach helps farmers meet their food, fodder, and income needs throughout the year in a sustainable manner.
Non-Timber Forest Products: contribution to national economy and sustainable ...CIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Robert Nasi gave this presentation on 10 October 2012 during the 11th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP11).
For over coming the problem of unproductive and uneconomic orchards existing in abundance, large scale uprooting and replacement with new plantations (rehabilitation) will be a long term and expensive strategy. Therefore research efforts were initiated to standardise a technology for restoring the production potential of existing plantations by a technique called Rejuvenation.
Algae lamps are a new lighting technology that uses single-celled algae cultures, a small battery, and an LED to provide light. They were developed by French biochemist Pierre Calleja over two decades of algae research. Algae lamps act as a water purifier, carbon sink, and cheap light source by using algae photosynthesis. They could be used in homes, streets, and parks in Pakistan as they require no outside energy source, are self-supporting, and their only byproduct is oxygen.
El documento presenta una propuesta de microempresa llamada EcuaJack que elaborará y comercializará productos utilizando la fruta Jackfruit. La empresa está dirigida a la elaboración de helados, empanadas, vinos y batidos para el público en general. Los productos contienen altos niveles de vitaminas y nutrientes y pueden ser consumidos por personas con problemas de úlceras, conjuntivitis y diabetes. Se recomienda especialmente el consumo del yogurt por su bajo índice de grasa y sus beneficios para personas con dolencias estomacales.
B.sc. agri i po h unit 4.5 cultivation practices of jackfruitRai University
The document provides information on the cultivation practices of jackfruit. It describes the tree's characteristics and notes that jackfruit is widely grown in southern and eastern parts of India. The major jackfruit growing states in India are Assam and southern states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The document discusses climate needs, soil requirements, propagation methods, varieties, cultivation techniques like planting, manuring, training and pruning, irrigation, intercropping, flowering, fruit development, harvesting and post-harvest management. It also describes pests like shoot borer and bud weevil, and diseases like fruit rot and dieback that affect jackfruit.
To evaluate the scope of the vertical farming concept in the building levels of the future Indian cities. And thereby to analyze how well this concept can integrated be into the urban to sow the seeds for the future and to resolve the long-standing paradox of humanity’s inclination towards exponential demographic and economic growth while inhabiting a planet of limited resource material means.
This document outlines several objectives and challenges related to agriculture in Odisha, India. The objectives are to create a shared vision for stakeholders in the sector, address issues undermining investment, ensure access and participation, optimize resources, foster competitiveness and growth, and build partnerships. Key challenges include a lack of storage, transportation, market information, and credit, as well as natural disasters, improper water management, soil degradation, and labor shortages. The document calls for common trading platforms and more efficient use of government resources and technology to help address these issues in Odisha's agricultural system.
This document provides an introduction to forestry and includes questions related to key forestry terms and concepts. It covers topics such as the history and definition of forestry, important figures in the field, different types of forests and their classification, forest management techniques like thinning and regeneration, and forestry instruments. The questions test knowledge of these foundational forestry topics through multiple choice and true/false questions.
Prospects & challenges of contract farming for potato in indiaSAMEER LAKHANI
This document provides an outline for a presentation on the prospects and challenges of contract farming for potato in India. It discusses the objectives of contract farming, the history and types of contract farming in India. It also summarizes the potato production scenarios worldwide and in India, highlighting India as the 3rd largest producer. The document identifies the need for contract farming in India to help small farmers access markets and technology. However, it also notes challenges in ensuring contract farming benefits all farmers.
Achievements and challenges in Ethiopian agricultureILRI
Presented by Dr. Abera Deresa (State Minister, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) at the 'Dialogue on Ethiopia’s Agricultural Development', 12 November 2015, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
This document discusses the challenges facing Indian agriculture and how science and technology can help meet those challenges. It outlines several emerging challenges including population growth, resource degradation, climate change, and globalization. To increase food production sustainably, the document proposes focusing on improving input efficiency, bridging yield gaps between potential and actual yields, and developing new stress-resistant crop varieties. It emphasizes the need for location-specific integrated crop management approaches.
This case study describes a coconut breeding program in Vanuatu that aimed to develop varieties tolerant to Coconut Fatal Disease (CFD). The program crossed the local Vanuatu Tall variety with the introduced Rennell Island Tall variety. Offspring were screened for CFD tolerance and the least susceptible were self-pollinated and backcrossed to Vanuatu Tall to introgress tolerance. Selected self-pollinated Rennell Island Tall were also intercrossed in an effort to build tolerance into the local germplasm. The goal was to genetically determine the mechanism of CFD tolerance and develop varieties tolerant to the disease before it potentially spreads further.
This document provides information on canopy management techniques for guava trees. It discusses:
1. Guava is an important tropical fruit crop native to tropical America that is now widely grown in India.
2. Canopy management techniques include using dwarfing rootstocks, training trees using open center or modified leader systems, and annual pruning to develop a strong framework and maximize fruit production.
3. The use of growth retardants and pruning can help regulate flowering and fruiting seasons to produce higher quality winter crops with better prices.
1) Corn and soybeans now occupy over 60% of Iowa's total land area and over 80% of its cropland, showing a decline in crop diversity in the central US.
2) Diversified farming systems that incorporate perennials, cover crops, and livestock into crop rotations can provide environmental benefits like improved soil health, water quality, climate resilience, and wildlife habitat compared to monoculture corn and soybean systems.
3) Barriers to adopting more diverse farming practices include economic and policy incentives for specialization, lack of markets and infrastructure, and cultural beliefs; while drivers include risk management, interest in new markets, and support from community.
Watermelon is a vine-like plant that produces large, edible berries. It originated in Africa and was cultivated in India and China by the 7th-10th centuries. Watermelons require bees for pollination and thrive in well-draining soil with ample water and sunlight. Proper spacing, weed control, and preventing diseases and pests are important for high yields of the sweet, juicy fruit.
This presentation discusses the domestication of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in Nepal. It begins with introducing NTFPs and defining domestication. The objectives are then stated as assessing opportunities and challenges of NTFP domestication. Methodology describes using secondary data sources. Opportunities discussed include Nepal's biodiversity, the growing international NTFP market, and potential for conservation and income generation. Challenges include technical difficulties in cultivation, lack of market infrastructure and support, as well as social, economic and policy barriers. The conclusion recognizes domestication potential but also threats to some NTFP species. Recommendations suggest providing financial and technical support to farmers for large-scale domestication, and improving
Report in retail on Fresh Vegetables and fruitsPushpika Vyas
Vegito is a proposed retail company focused on selling fresh fruits and vegetables in Warangal, India. The company aims to establish a retail outlet that links local farmers directly to consumers, improving farmers' incomes and ensuring a year-round supply of locally grown produce. Key aspects of the proposed business include sourcing from local farmers and distributors, operating a retail store with produce organized by temperature requirements, and employing a staff including managers, administrators and general workers. The startup requires an investment of approximately 212 lakhs to cover initial fixed costs such as building construction, equipment, and vehicles. Ongoing monthly expenses are estimated at 76 lakhs.
Value Addition of Underutilized Crops Aarti Nimesh
Underutilized crops were once grown more widely or intensively
But are falling into disuse for a variety of agronomic, genetic,
Economic and cultural reasons. Farmers and consumers are using these crops less because they are in some way not competing with other species in the same agricultural environment. The decline of these crops may erode the genetic base and prevent distinctive and valuable traits being used in crop adaptation and improvement.
FARM PLAN MODELS Of INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM For Small and Marginal FarmersSubham Dwivedi
This document describes an integrated farming system model for small and marginal farmers. The model incorporates crop production, dairy farming, horticulture, fisheries, apiary, and vermicomposting on a 1.5 hectare plot of land. The system aims to maximize productivity and profitability through efficient utilization and recycling of resources between the different enterprises. Byproducts from one component are used as inputs for others to minimize waste and optimize resource use. The integrated approach helps farmers meet their food, fodder, and income needs throughout the year in a sustainable manner.
Non-Timber Forest Products: contribution to national economy and sustainable ...CIFOR-ICRAF
CIFOR scientist Robert Nasi gave this presentation on 10 October 2012 during the 11th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP11).
For over coming the problem of unproductive and uneconomic orchards existing in abundance, large scale uprooting and replacement with new plantations (rehabilitation) will be a long term and expensive strategy. Therefore research efforts were initiated to standardise a technology for restoring the production potential of existing plantations by a technique called Rejuvenation.
Algae lamps are a new lighting technology that uses single-celled algae cultures, a small battery, and an LED to provide light. They were developed by French biochemist Pierre Calleja over two decades of algae research. Algae lamps act as a water purifier, carbon sink, and cheap light source by using algae photosynthesis. They could be used in homes, streets, and parks in Pakistan as they require no outside energy source, are self-supporting, and their only byproduct is oxygen.
El documento presenta una propuesta de microempresa llamada EcuaJack que elaborará y comercializará productos utilizando la fruta Jackfruit. La empresa está dirigida a la elaboración de helados, empanadas, vinos y batidos para el público en general. Los productos contienen altos niveles de vitaminas y nutrientes y pueden ser consumidos por personas con problemas de úlceras, conjuntivitis y diabetes. Se recomienda especialmente el consumo del yogurt por su bajo índice de grasa y sus beneficios para personas con dolencias estomacales.
B.sc. agri i po h unit 4.5 cultivation practices of jackfruitRai University
The document provides information on the cultivation practices of jackfruit. It describes the tree's characteristics and notes that jackfruit is widely grown in southern and eastern parts of India. The major jackfruit growing states in India are Assam and southern states like Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The document discusses climate needs, soil requirements, propagation methods, varieties, cultivation techniques like planting, manuring, training and pruning, irrigation, intercropping, flowering, fruit development, harvesting and post-harvest management. It also describes pests like shoot borer and bud weevil, and diseases like fruit rot and dieback that affect jackfruit.
Jackfruit is a fruit grown on the Artocarpus heterophyllus tree. The fruit and various parts of the tree can be used for food and tools. Jackfruit trees are medium in size, up to 20 meters tall, with thick, leathery leaves. The sweet fruit can be used to make foods like dodolnangka, keripiknangka, kolaknangka, and nangka juice.
This document provides information on the cultivation of jackfruit. It describes jackfruit as a large tree native to India that can reach 30-70 feet tall and produces the world's largest tree-borne fruit. The document outlines details about the botanical classification of jackfruit, its origin, fruit type, uses, cultivation practices including planting, spacing, irrigation, propagation, flowering, pollination, fruit development, and typical yields. Key information covered includes that jackfruit is an evergreen tree bearing a monoecious flower and large fruit containing seeds, with various cultivars available.
Jackfruit is considered as one of the common fruit which is used by the people all over India. So in this PPT we are going to share the important and health benefits of eating Jackfruit with which one can easily improve their health
This document summarizes the history and current status of the New Zealand avocado industry. It discusses key events from the 1920s to present day, including the establishment of commercial orchards and industry organizations. Production has grown significantly since the 1990s and projections estimate continued expansion to over 7 million trays by 2015. The document also outlines New Zealand's competitive advantages in export markets and strategic focus on the Pacific Rim region.
This document provides information on avocados, including that they are native to Mexico and Central America, they grow on perennial plants, and prefer tropical or subtropical climates with temperatures between 26-30°C. It also outlines common pests like avocado thrips and diseases like anthracnose that affect avocados, as well as cultivation practices like irrigation, fertilizing, and harvesting the fruit.
In this presentation we are talking about the environmental factors : climate,rain seasons,major soils and management them by scientific methods to achieve a high yield in the production.
Note: Most of data and maps selected from the trusted websites of the Research centers and other univeristies
This document summarizes the major diseases of avocado, with a focus on Phytophthora root rot (PRR) which is the most important disease worldwide. PRR has crippled avocado production in many regions through tree mortality. Symptoms include dark necrotic roots, wilting, defoliation, and excessive small fruit set. The causal agent, Phytophthora cinnamomi, has a wide geographic distribution. Management strategies for PRR include exclusion through pathogen-free plants and sanitation, raised beds, soil amendments, and developing resistant rootstocks.
Delicious Health Benefits of Avocado – 10 Reasons Why You Should Eat More Avocados Every Day
Check out the full article here: http://servingjoy.com/delicious-health-benefits-of-avocado/
Breadfruit trees are commonly propagated through vegetative methods like root shoots, root cuttings, and air layering of branches. Root shoots and cuttings are collected from healthy roots after the fruiting season, when carbohydrate levels are highest. Shoots begin developing after 3-4 weeks and are transplanted when 20-25cm tall. Air layering involves removing bark from branches and wrapping with media to encourage root growth over 2-6 months. Seed propagation is rare as seedlings are not true to type. Young plants require shade but mature trees full sun. Careful acclimation is needed when transplanting.
This document provides information about avocados from several presenters. It discusses the botanical classification of avocados, their nutritional profile including fiber and healthy fats, tips for selecting, storing and eating avocados. The history of avocados is covered, noting they were originally described as "poor man's butter." Presenters include a biologist, chefs and nutritionists who provide details on avocado varieties, health benefits, and demonstrate how to make avocado juice.
B.sc. agri i po h unit 4.3 cultivation practices of grapeRai University
This document provides information on cultivation practices of grapes. It discusses the botany of grapes, varieties commonly grown in India such as Thompson Seedless and Anab-e-Shahi, and cultivation methods including propagation, training, pruning, fertilization and pest/disease management. Climate and soil requirements are also outlined. Major grape growing regions in India are described.
Avocado is a nutritious fruit. But awareness about it in Pakistan is not significant. Actually many people think that it does not grow in Pakistan. So here is the file comprising basic information about the production technology.
The document discusses the morphology, anatomy, and reproductive structures of gymnosperms. It focuses on Cycas, describing its external morphology such as its unbranched stem covered in persistent leaf bases and pinnately compound leaves. Internally, it notes Cycas has monoxylic wood and coralloid roots that form a symbiotic relationship with cyanobacteria. It also details the structures and development of male and female reproductive organs in Cycas, which are dioecious and wind pollinated. Cycas reproduces sexually through seeds and vegetatively through bulbils.
The document summarizes information about avocados, including their origins, production, uses, and health benefits. It notes that Mexico and California are the two largest producers, with Mexico providing 68% of the world's avocados. Avocados are versatile and commonly eaten in guacamole, on sandwiches, and with various meats and fish. They are high in beneficial fats and nutrients.
The document summarizes the morphology of pomegranate flowers. Pomegranate flowers can be solitary, paired, or clustered on branches. They are odorless but colorful, ranging from 5-9cm in length. There are three types of pomegranate flowers: hermaphrodite flowers which are fertile and self-pollinating; male flowers which are infertile and drop without fruit set; and intermediate flowers which have variable fertility. The percentage of hermaphrodite flowers impacts fruit yield potential, with Indian cultivars ranging from 53-80% hermaphrodite flowers. Pomegranate flower drop can occur due to pollination, pests, disease, environmental stresses like
The document provides information on tissue cultured pomegranate plant cultivation. It discusses key aspects such as variety selection, orchard establishment, planting methods, pruning, irrigation, fertilizer application, pest and disease management. The leading variety recommended is Bhagawa due to its large fruit size, sweet taste and high demand. Proper cultural practices including regular pruning, irrigation and fertilization are needed to establish high yielding orchards and ensure quality fruit production.
Morphology of flowering plants - I (root, stem & leaf)Aarif Kanadia
This document provides information on plant root morphology from Dr. Aarif. It discusses the key parts and regions of the root including the root cap, meristematic region, elongation region, root hair region, and maturation region. It describes the functions of roots and modifications such as taproots and adventitious root systems. Taproots are further divided into storage roots like conical, fusiform, and napiform roots. Adventitious roots can form prop roots, stilt roots, and climbing roots. The document also discusses underground modifications like rhizomes, tubers, corms, and bulbs which allow for food storage, perennation, and vegetative propagation.
This document discusses developing a multi-millet beverage incorporating natural khus flavor and nutrients. It describes various millets grown in India like sorghum, finger millet, and barnyard millet that are rich in nutrients. It presents a process to make a probiotic millet beverage by soaking, germinating, drying, and grinding millets then fermenting with Lactobacillus cultures. It adds khus extract for its antioxidant and stress-relieving properties. The growing beverage market in India presents an opportunity for such a nutritious and refreshing drink.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Participation of Farm Households in Watermelo...AJSERJournal
The study analyzed the factors influencing participation of farm households’ in watermelon production in
the study areas. Three local government areas out of Sokoto state were purposively selected. Questionnaire was used
to collect data. Multistage of sampling techniques were used to arrive at the sample size of 181 farm households’ for
the study. Likert scale is used to analyse the level of participation of farm households’, frequency and inferential
statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that (55.8%) of the farm households are within the ages
of 25-30 years, majority (96.7%) are male It shows that majority (64.0%) of the farm households participated in
watermelon production as a result of higher income generated. Multiple regression analysis result revealed significant
relationships between farm households participation in watermelon production and their socio-economic
characteristics at P<0.05. The constraints faced by the farm households are storage technology and improved
agricultural inputs. Most (63.5%) of the farm households believed that provision of subsidized agricultural inputs and
market accessibility are forms of assistance that will encourages farm households to partake in watermelon production.
It is recommended that government and donor agencies should encourage farm households’ by providing them with
the modern agricultural inputs so as to influence them to participate fully into watermelon production irrespective of
their Socio-economic differences.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Participation of Farm Households in Watermelo...AJSERJournal
This document analyzes factors influencing participation of farm households in watermelon production in Sokoto State, Nigeria. It describes the study area and sampling methodology. A survey was conducted with 181 farm households across 3 local government areas. The study aims to describe socioeconomic characteristics of participants, determine participation levels, identify influencing factors, constraints to participation, and types of assistance needed. Key findings were that most participants were male, ages 25-30, and participated for higher income. Participation was influenced by socioeconomic characteristics. Major constraints were storage technology and inputs. Most participants felt subsidized inputs and better market access would encourage greater involvement in watermelon production. The study recommends providing farm households modern inputs to influence full participation regardless of
2192 article full text-3300-1-10-20210218 (1)pinkrose28
The document summarizes research on the utilization of date palm by-products in the food industry. It discusses how date fruit that does not meet commercial standards, as well as date seeds and fronds, are considered by-products. While currently used for animal feed or discarded, the review explores how these by-products can be processed into value-added food products or used in other industrial applications due to their nutritional composition. Specifically, it describes how low-quality date fruit can be made into date paste and date syrup for use in foods like bakery products and beverages. Date seeds contain compounds useful for animal feed, yeast growth, and pollutant treatment. Overall, the review aims to promote more sustainable use of date palm by
This document provides a business plan for Davao Oriental Coconut Husk Social Enterprise Incorporation (DOCHSEI). Key points:
- DOCHSEI was created in 2004 in Davao Oriental, Philippines to provide livelihoods to coconut farmers and communities through a coconut coir processing business.
- It produces coir fiber products like geotextiles, woven mats, scouring pads as well as charcoal briquettes and bio-organic fertilizer from coconut husks.
- Davao Oriental is a major coconut producing region in the Philippines, ranking 3rd highest. The business aims to contribute to the growing Philippine coconut coir industry.
The document provides an overview of the food processing industry in India. It discusses that India is the 2nd largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally. The food processing sector contributes 12.7% to India's GDP and is the 5th largest sector in terms of production and consumption. It employs millions of people directly and indirectly. The document outlines the major crops produced in India and their production levels. It also discusses the scope and growth of the processed food industry in India, highlighting opportunities in minimally processed, frozen, and dehydrated fruits and vegetables. It summarizes India's leadership in meat and poultry production and the potential to increase processed meat exports.
Assessment of losses of jackfruit as perceived by the farmersAlexander Decker
The document summarizes a study that assessed losses of jackfruit as perceived by farmers in Bangladesh. The study found that the majority (71.7%) of farmers perceived medium jackfruit losses, while 17.5% perceived high losses. Total losses averaged 18.61% of production. Losses were highest during production (13.3% of total) due to lack of cultural practices and pest/insect attacks. The study also examined relationships between farmer characteristics and perceived losses. It found that higher income, experience, and knowledge correlated with lower losses, while more problems faced correlated with higher losses.
PRINCIPLES OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION updatedMohit Jindal
The document discusses the scope and trends in the Indian food industry. It notes that India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables globally but only a small percentage is processed. There is huge potential for growth in the food processing sector given losses during storage and transport. The food industry is growing at 20% annually and could reach $258 billion by 2015. However, most production is consumed fresh and only a small amount is processed despite having over 4,000 processing plants. The government is taking steps to encourage exports but India still has a very small share of the global processed food market. Overall, there are major opportunities to expand food processing and reduce post-harvest losses.
Principles of processing and preservationMohit Jindal
Principles of processing and preservation
Status of Indian food industry with emphasis on State of Haryana. Definition of food food technology, food science, food preservation and food engineering basic considerations. Importance of food processing and preservation. Classification of foods on the basis of shelf life, pH, origin; Different types of food spoilage viz. microbiological, bio-chemical, chemical, physical and their effects on food quality. Principles of food preservation.
Preservation by sugar and salt
Principles of Salt and sugar preservation, Intermediate Moisture Food (IMF) like jam, jelly and marmalade. Techniques of pickling.
Preservation by Low Temperature
Low temperature required for different foods refrigeration refrigeration load, refrigeration systems; slow and fast freezing, freezing process; types of freezer advantages and disadvantages of freezing; storage and thawing of frozen food.
Preservation by High Temperature
Pasteurization, Sterilization, Canning: their Definition, Method, advantages and disadvantages.
Moisture Removal
Evaporation, concentration, drying and dehydration, types of dryers, advantages and disadvantages, selection of dryers.
Food Additives including Chemical Preservatives-
Classification, functions and uses in foods
8. Preservation of foods by Radiation Irradiation of foods, Radiation doses for spices, onions, potatoes and meat. Concept of microwave heating effect on food quality
Utilization of Jackfruit Peel in Preparation of Muffinsijtsrd
Artocarpus heterophyllus, commonly called as ”œJackfruit” has utmost importance in tropical and subtropical region. This study has utilized the peel portion of jackfruit in muffins. Peel which is usually discarded is actually rich in nutrients, Vitamin C and plentiful of minerals. Chemical analysis revealed that peel comprises of 5.77 moisture, 1.32 total ash and 0.03 acidity. Apart from this, peel is a rich source of crude fiber that fits well in bakery industry. Present research has utilized peel portion of jackfruit in muffins manufacturing. Along with bakery flour jackfruit peel powder is taken in different ratios ranging from 0 20 .Control sample 0 jackfruit peel powder T0 , 10 peel powder added in total flour T1 , 20 peel powder added in total flour T2 . Out of the three treatments which are prepared T0, T1 and T2. One sample from each treatment is taken and analysed in terms of colour, flavour, texture, aroma and overall acceptability. Data obtained is statistically and graphically analysed and tabulated. This shows that 20 of jackfruit peel stands best in terms of overall acceptability of muffins. Mishwa Patel | Dhanya Joseph "Utilization of Jackfruit Peel in Preparation of Muffins" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53881.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/home-science/food-and-nutrition/53881/utilization-of-jackfruit-peel-in-preparation-of-muffins/mishwa-patel
This document summarizes several post-harvest research institutions in India and around the world. It discusses the Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology in Mumbai, which conducts research on cotton post-harvest processing and technologies. It also mentions the Central Institute of Fisheries Technology in Kochi, which focuses on fisheries from harvest to post-harvest. Additionally, it outlines the Division of Post Harvest Technology at IARI in New Delhi and the AICRP on Post Harvest Technology project coordinated in Ludhiana, which aims to reduce food losses. Finally, it briefly describes the Canadian Wheat Board Centre for Grain Storage Research in Manitoba, which takes a multi-disciplinary approach to preserving stored grain.
1. The document summarizes value chain analyses conducted for kokum and fisheries in Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra under the Umed rural livelihoods program.
2. For kokum, opportunities exist to commercialize underutilized parts of the fruit and develop new products. However, challenges include lack of labor during harvest season and lack of technology in harvesting and processing.
3. Fisheries is a major industry in Ratnagiri but overfishing and pollution have reduced catches while sustainability is a concern. High capital costs mean middlemen have significant control over fishermen's catches.
Development of Flat Lima Beans Pickles Enriched with Spirulinaijtsrd
The product is different from the regular way of availability and to choose acceptable level of ingredients is important as more amount can cause unacceptable taste, texture and aroma of the product and hence standardization of the product is necessary. The creation of the product emphasis on the nutritional health of the consumer, ingredients used for this product has many health benefits hence standardization of the product is necessary. This literature focuses on many idea of new product development. Flat lima beans are consumed by many people but the product prepared in this study is not much available in the market, the product is enriched by spirulina due to its abundance health benefits. The information or studies available regarding methodology are limited for this product. Benefits of prebiotics include improvement in gut barrier function and also improving host immunity, reduction of potentially pathogenic bacteria e.g., Clostridia and consumer will come across with these benefits due to product created in this study. People also deficient in Vitamin B1 will also meet the nutritional benefits as flat lima beans are good source of Vitamin B1. This study will be helpful to gain perception of new product development, the market for the new product and the demand of consumers regarding nutritious and convenient food product. Product is nutritious as the aim is to provide health benefits. Product development includes all phases of creating a product, from the initial Product development includes all phases of creating a product, from the initial connected with the formulation of a new product on the market or the modification and presentation of an existing product on the market. The focus of the product development is therefore on the processes in the entire life cycle of a product, be it an idea, an innovation or consumption. Raksha Dinesh Gupta | Roonal Kataria "Development of Flat Lima Beans Pickles Enriched with Spirulina" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56361.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/home-science/food-science/56361/development-of-flat-lima-beans-pickles-enriched-with-spirulina/raksha-dinesh-gupta
This document provides information on an international journal article that analyzes the problems and prospects of the coconut industry in Kanyakumari district of Tamil Nadu, India. It begins with background on coconut production globally and in India. It then reviews previous literature on coconut cultivation challenges. The main objectives of the study are to analyze cultivation problems faced by coconut farmers in the district and to examine marketing problems related to coconut sales.
India has a great heritage of traditional foods. Every state has its own special food which is consumed in a particular season and occasion. Soru-chakli is one of such traditional food of West Bengal, consumed during rainy season and is made from the batter of raw rice flour and palmyra palm (Borassua flabellifer) pulp. It has an attractive yellow colour and pleasant flavor. The present study has the objectives of documenting the traditional knowledge pertaining to preparing soru-chakli. Traditional knowledge offers enormous potential for development of social-economic conditions of the particular area and state. Therefore, every effort must be made to preserve this traditional knowledge so that they can carry on with their aesthetic beauty & knowledge into prosperity.
This summary provides an overview of post-harvest institutions around the world from the given document:
The document discusses several prominent post-harvest research and education institutions from India, the United States, and Israel. These include the ADM Institute for the Prevention of Postharvest Loss in Illinois, USA which focuses on reducing losses in staple crops. It also mentions the Central Food Technological Research Institute in Mysore, India and the Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology in Ludhiana, India as leading Indian institutions. Finally, it briefly discusses the Postharvest Technology Center at UC Davis and the Volcani Institute Post-Harvest Innovations in Israel.
Economics of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) production and its developmen...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes an economic study of date palm production in the Kech district of Balochistan province, Pakistan. Some key findings include:
- Total estimated costs of date palm production were 225,271 Pakistani rupees per hectare, including costs of land, orchard development, operations, and marketing. Marketing costs such as transportation were the highest costs.
- The average yield was 77.29 maunds (1 maund = 37 kg) per hectare. Higher yields came from trees aged 10-20 years. Certain varieties like Washakar fetched higher sale prices.
- Income per hectare was estimated at 286,745 rupees against total costs of 225,271 rupe
COCONUT (Cocos Nucifera) INDUSTRY AND PRODUCTS IN SRI LANKAGihan Wijelath
The coconut is known for its great versatility as seen in the many uses of its different parts and found throughout tropics and subtopics. Coconuts are different from any other fruits because they contain a large quantity of “water” and when immature they are known as tender- nuts or jelly- nuts and may be harvested for drinking. When mature, they still contain some water and can be used as seed nuts or processed to give oil from kernel, charcoal from the hard shell and coir from the fibrous husk.
Development of Sorghum Biscuit Incorporated with Orange Peel Powder and Drago...ijtsrd
BISCUIT ”“ A baked flour confectionary down to low moisture content. Name is derived from the Latin word bis coctus, meaning cooked twice. It is basically a small quick bread made from dough that has been rolled out and cut or dropped from a spoon. The basic old biscuit lacks nutrition it majorly consist of carbohydrates. As sorghum is rich source of fibre and. It is also rich in other nutrients, vitamins minerals and they are also good source of antioxidants. The main aim for the development of nutritious biscuit was to meet the increasing demand of healthy diet for human. The samples were subjected to estimate for moisture, estimate for ash content, crude protein, crude fibre and carbohydrate and sensory evaluation. On the basis of present study it can be concluded that this biscuit is an excellent source of fibre and protein. Sonal Meshram | Akansha Tiwari "Development of Sorghum Biscuit Incorporated with Orange Peel Powder and Dragon Fruit Pulp" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd55036.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/home-science/food-science/55036/development-of-sorghum-biscuit-incorporated-with-orange-peel-powder-and-dragon-fruit-pulp/sonal-meshram
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF FRUITS & VEGETABLES SECTOR IN IN...ijmvsc
This document summarizes a research paper that reviewed challenges in the supply chain for fruits and vegetables in India. It found that issues like lack of cold storage facilities, a fragmented supply chain with poor linkages between partners, taxation problems, inadequate infrastructure, high packaging costs, limited use of technology, poor farmer knowledge and quality standards, low levels of processing and value addition, supply chain inefficiencies, insufficient farmer incomes, high supply chain losses and waste of fresh produce, limited transportation options, and lack of demand and market information are negatively impacting the growth of the fruits and vegetables sector in India. The researchers suggest addressing these issues through improved mitigation strategies to benefit various supply chain stakeholders.
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1. Ryu 1
Investing in Karnataka’s Jackfruit: A Profitable Proposal
Abstract
Jackfruit is an indigenous, superabundant resource in Karnataka, but currently, 75% of it
is simply wasted. This wastage represents enormous lost opportunity for financial profit and food
security. The national and international contexts for jackfruit imminently indicate that now is the
time for Karnataka to invest in developing a commercial jackfruit industry. Case studies of the
successful commercialization of the potato, pomegranate, and pineapple provide valuable
insights: the successful commercialization of the jackfruit requires the research and identification
of the top jackfruit varieties, development of jackfruit-specific processing technologies, and
strategic marketing of jackfruit and its products. Hawaii, Sri Lanka, Maharashtra, and Kerala
bear precedents for the implementation of these activities. Karnataka should establish a Jackfruit
Institute and Jackfruit Processing Centers to usher in a bright future for jackfruit and for
Karnataka.
Introduction
This policy proposal argues that the Karnataka State Horticulture Department/Mission1
should fund jackfruit research and the establishment of jackfruit processing centers to develop a
commercial jackfruit industry in Karnataka, India. This proposal explains why a commercial
jackfruit industry should be developed in Karnataka and then explains how, leveraging evidence
from case studies of the potato, pineapple, and pomegranate and from precedents for jackfruit
research and industry development in Hawaii, Sri Lanka, Maharashtra, and Kerala. An appendix
provides photographs of Indian jackfruit products and entrepreneurs and a brief biography of the
author.
This policy proposal begins with explanation of the abundant opportunity for financial
profit and food security through the creation of a jackfruit industry. This proposal then discusses
the national and international context for the development of a jackfruit industry in Karnataka
and provides an evidence-based plan of action to create a thriving jackfruit industry in
Karnataka.
1
This proposal will be sent separately to both the Karnataka State Horticulture Department and the Karnataka State
Horticulture Mission.
2. Ryu 2
Enormous Opportunity: From Jackfruit Wastage to Financial Profit and Food Security
Jackfruit trees in Karnataka
bear 235,000 metric tons of jackfruit
annually (Department of Horticulture,
Government of Karnataka 2009). The
jackfruit is the world’s largest tree-
borne fruit, weighing up to fifty2
kilograms (APAARI 2012). A typical
jackfruit tree yields 200 to 250 fruits,
each weighing five to thirty-five
kilograms (Ghosh 1996). Indigenous
to the rain forests of India’s Western
Ghats (APAARI 2012), the jackfruit
is an impressively abundant natural
resource of southern India. However,
an estimated 75% of total production
is wasted (APAARI 2012),
representing vast lost opportunity to
strengthen food security and the
incomes of agricultural families.
There are a variety of reasons
for jackfruit wastage, including the
2
The largest jackfruit on record, however, reported in Panruti, Tamil Nadu, India, weighed eighty-one kilograms
(APAARI 2012).
Figure 1. A jackfruit tree, an agribusiness professor (left) and
two entrepreneurs who recently began processing jackfruit.
Figure 2. A jackfruit seed within a jackfruit bulb.
3. Ryu 3
rapidity with which the fruit decomposes, the exceptional abundance of fruit from a single tree,
the high expense of transporting the heavy fruits, and the sticky latex and strong smell of the
inside of a fresh jackfruit. Jackfruit processing overcomes these reasons for wastage: processing
near the fruit source dramatically extends shelf-life, greatly reduces shipping cost,3
and
eliminates the potentially bothersome latex and smell from the ultimate consumer’s experience.
The ripe bulbs of a jackfruit can be processed to produce dried jackfruit, pulp, juice,
wine, ice cream, jelly, chips, pickles, and candies (see Appendix for photos). Unripe jackfruit has
meat-like taste and texture and can be canned or dried for use as a “vegetable meat” in various
dishes. The seeds can be roasted like chestnuts or processed to produce chutney powder for
seasoning or gluten-free flour for baking (APAARI 2012). These jackfruit products have
enormous potential to generate profits for producers. A study conducted by researchers at the
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, found that value-added jackfruit products would
multiply returns from jackfruit marketed fresh by 2.5 to 6 times (Munishamanna et al. 2007).
Jackfruit has enormous potential to strengthen nutrition and food security, in addition to
economic security (Vinayak 2012; Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012). Twenty-one percent of
India’s population as a whole is malnourished (Thomson 2012), but a single tree provides 2,000
kilograms of jackfruit per year by a modest estimate (Ghosh 1996). The fruit bulbs are a strong
source of potassium, vitamin C, vitamin A, magnesium, and fiber (Swami et al. 2012). Phenolic
compounds, phytonutrients, antioxidants, and carotenoids also abound in jackfruit bulbs,
providing them with anticancer, antihypertensive, and anti-aging properties, and the potential to
help prevent various chronic diseases (Swami et al. 2012). The seeds, too, are a rich source of
starch, protein, and phytonutrients (Hettiarachchi et al. 2011).
3
For example, dried jackfruit bulbs have 5% the weight of a whole fresh jackfruit, which includes the outer rind,
inner fiber, seeds, and sticky latex in addition to the edible bulbs.
4. Ryu 4
Jackfruit has already served for many years as a nutritious staple food for thousands of
families with jackfruit trees (Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012; Shree Padre, personal
communication, December 4, 2012). Today, urbanization, lifestyle changes, and low awareness
of fruit harvesting and processing strategies have contributed to fruit wastage, especially because
extracting the edible bulbs and seeds from the sticky and fibrous inside of a jackfruit is a highly
labor-intensive process (Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012). Thus, if the fruits can be processed
and distributed to prevent wastage at the source or in transport, jackfruit can contribute a great
deal to India’s food security (Vinayak 2012; Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012). Because of the
fruit’s extraordinary abundance and underutilization in southern India, the fruit is very unlikely
to become too expensive for local consumption in the foreseeable future, even as the
development of a jackfruit industry connects supply to untapped markets (“Horticulture Mission”
2010; Shree Padre, personal communication, December 10, 2012).
No stable marketing chain has yet been established for fresh jackfruit and jackfruit
products in India, however: most sales occur in villages and on the roadside (APAARI 2012).
There are only a few commercial scale processing plants and about a dozen branded jackfruit
products in India (APAARI 2012; Padre 2011a). These products include canned tender jackfruit,
vacuum fried jackfruit chips, jackfruit papads, and jackfruit jam, among others, but do not
encompass dehydrated jackfruit, jackfruit seed flour, or jackfruit “vegetable meat” products
(Padre 2011a).
This situation of marked underutilization is not specific to jackfruit, however. The
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources focused its studies on sixteen “tropical underutilized
fruits” in 2010 but noted that India has 344 species of fruits that have vast potential for new
crops but are currently underutilized, growing in wild or semi-wild states (Malik et al. 2010). An
5. Ryu 5
underutilized fruit to make the transition to a well commercialized fruit would contribute
valuable lessons for the commercialization of other currently underutilized fruits.
Thus, developing a jackfruit industry in Karnataka will contribute valuably to economic
security and food security in the short-term and will contribute even more in the long-term as its
successes inform the development of other fruit industries. Current national and international
circumstances for the jackfruit show that now is the time to launch Karnataka’s jackfruit
industry.
The Time is Ripe: National and International Context
Although jackfruit is often perceived to be an inferior fruit, there is a large untapped
market for jackfruit and its products in India and internationally (Brahmavar 2012; DH News
Service 2012; Padre 2011a). Impressive successes in jackfruit product sales evidence the market
potential. Earlier this year, one processing unit initiated small-scale production of jackfruit toffee
and sold 5,000 in one month (Shree Padre, personal communication, September 12, 2012). A
professor who began farming in retirement sells 60,000 pieces of jackfruit toffee each year
without any publicity (Shree Padre, personal communication, September 14, 2012). The
Kadamba Marketing Co-operative, a farmers’ cooperative based in Sirsi, Karnataka, recently
initiated commercial production of jackfruit papads and jackfruit chips and sold 60,000 papads
and 600 kilograms of chips last year (APAARI 2012; Brahmavar 2012). In addition, most of the
jackfruit that reaches northern India is unripe jackfruit used for curry preparation: the market for
fresh jackfruit and jackfruit’s diverse value-added products has yet to be served (Vinayak 2012).
While demand for jackfruit in India alone exceeds supply capacity (Lal 2012), the fruit is
becoming increasingly popular in mainstream and ethnic markets in the US and UK as well as in
some Asian and Middle Eastern countries (APAARI 2012). Notably, jackfruit is the most
6. Ryu 6
expensive fruit on sale in Britain, priced at approximately 25 Euros, or Rs. 1638 (32.75 USD),
per fruit (Haq 2006). Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, and Sri Lanka are ahead of India in terms of
jackfruit utilization and exports (“National Jackfruit Fete” 2011; Padre 2011; Haq 2006).
Vietnam is the global leader in jackfruit products, with over twenty facilities producing
jackfruit chips (Padre 2011a). Of these facilities, Vinamit Trading Corporation is the largest: it
exports jackfruit chips to many countries, including the US, Russia, Germany, China, and Japan
(Padre 2011a). In Vietnam, jackfruit yields greater profits for small farmers than rubber does
(Padre 2011a). Thailand exports jackfruit products to the US and UK throughout the year (Haq
2006). Malaysia also exports jackfruit to the UK market, and, even in 1995, Malaysia earned
740,000 USD for exporting over 4,600 tons of fresh jackfruits to Singapore and Hongkong (Azad
2000). Today, Malaysia’s Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority and the Malaysian
Agricultural Research and Development Institute are promoting jackfruit processing, marketing
in Malaysia, and exporting (Padre 2011a). Sri Lanka is very advanced in its jackfruit processing
industry: at least a dozen Sri Lankan companies produce jackfruit products for export (Padre
2011a), and Sri Lanka has more than 200 processing units providing unripe and ripe jackfruit
bulbs for the local market (Padre 2011b). Meanwhile, in India, only one company has thus far
achieved scale in exporting jackfruit products, and this company produces only vacuum-dried
jackfruit chips (APAARI 2012).
The potential international market extends far beyond the supply capacities of existing
companies (APAARI 2012), and developing local capacities for jackfruit harvesting, processing,
and marketing will help ensure local benefit as international interest in jackfruit continues to
increase. Awareness of the types of jackfruit products possible remains low in India but has been
growing gradually, especially because of jackfruit festivals: since 2006, these festivals in Kerala
7. Ryu 7
and Karnataka have been occurring increasingly often, bringing jackfruit researchers, farmers,
processors, entrepreneurs, and fanatics to celebrate the fruit and its product potential (Padre
2006; “Jackfruit Movement” 2010). These festivals, as well as a variety of civil society
organizations, have helped to develop local capacities for jackfruit commercialization, such that
an increasing number of entrepreneurs are initiating jackfruit processing (Shree Padre, personal
communication, December 4, 2012; Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012).
Yet, while Karnataka is the leader in jackfruit production (Padre 2009), the neighboring
state of Kerala is ahead of Karnataka in civil society and governmental efforts to promote
jackfruit commercialization. In Kerala, jackfruit cultivators formed the Kanjirappuzha Farm
Club, the Ruchi Farmers Network, and the Group Rural Agricultural Marketing Association
(GRAMA) to promote jackfruit industry development in different regions (“Joining Hands”
2012; “Farmers’ Organisations Call”; CARD-Krishi Vigyan Kendra 2011). Kerala has the
Jackfruit Promotion Council, which proclaims itself a “national platform” for jackfruit promotion
(Jackfruit Promotion Council 2012), and the only Krishi Vigyan Kendra (CARD-Krishi Vigyan
Kendra, Pathnamthitta) that has made significant contributions to jackfruit commercialization
(Padre 2012b; Shree Padre, personal communication, December 4, 2012). The Kerala
Horticulture Mission agreed to provide funding and technological support for jackfruit
processing (“Horticulture Mission” 2010), and the Kerala Small Farmer’s Agribusiness
Consortium (SFAC) recently committed to providing training and guidance for entrepreneurs
working to initiate jackfruit processing (“Aid to Set Up” 2012).
Meanwhile, the Karnataka State Horticulture Mission does not include the jackfruit in its
list of sixteen underutilized fruits of focus (Karnataka State Horticulture Mission n.d.); the
8. Ryu 8
Karnataka State Horticulture Department did not include jackfruit in the minor fruit4
promotion
scheme it launched in 2010 (Chandrashekhar 2010); and Karnataka SFAC is inactive (Shree
Padre, personal communication, December 4, 2012). Mangalore, Karnataka, has India’s largest
jackfruit product exporting company, but the other company known to export jackfruit products
is based in Kottayam, Kerala, and the vast majority of jackfruit sent to northern Indian states
comes from Kerala (Padre 2011b).
Evident national and international demand for jackfruit products, jackfruit festivals and
promotion efforts, and the greater advancement of other regions’ jackfruit industries strongly
indicate the pressing need for Karnataka to develop its jackfruit industry.
Building Karnataka’s Jackfruit Industry: Action Plan
In order to maximize success in building a jackfruit industry, Karnataka should learn
from historical examples of success in developing industries for new crops as well as from
ongoing efforts to promote the breadfruit and jackfruit. This action plan illuminates the need for
a jackfruit research institute and jackfruit processing centers in Karnataka and the steps to
establish these.
The potato, pineapple, and pomegranate are informative historical case studies, as each
crop overcame significant challenges in commercialization and was extremely successfully
introduced to new environments. These examples illustrate the importance of researching,
cultivating, and distributing the best varieties of a crop, of developing and utilizing crop-specific
processing technologies, and of introducing and strategically marketing value-added products.
The example of the potato is especially important for envisioning the potential trajectory
of the jackfruit. The potato originated and was first domesticated in the Andes Mountains of
4
“Minor fruit” means a fruit that is indigenous and underutilized.
9. Ryu 9
South America (International Potato Center 2010). When the potato was initially introduced to
various countries in Europe, the potato was perceived as strange and poisonous: in France, the
potato was accused of causing leprosy, syphilis, and other diseases (Stradley 2004). The
unattractive appearance and bland taste of the potato were major contributions to its poor
reception (Zuckerman 1998; Reader 2011). But, over time, the potato gained appreciation for its
nutritional value and abundance and was incorporated into a wide variety of recipes (Zuckerman
1998; Reader 2011). Today, the potato is the third most important food crop in the world, after
rice and wheat: over a billion people eat potato, and global potato production is over 300 million
metric tons per year (International Potato Center 2010).
Research and development of particular potato varieties and potato processing techniques
have been crucial to the potato’s success. While there are nearly 4000 different varieties of
potato, the potato has been bred into standard and well-known varieties with particular
agricultural or culinary advantages (Roach 2002; Potato Council Ltd. 2009). The mechanical
potato peeler and the wax paper bag, both invented in the 1920s, were vital to the successful
commercialization of potatoes. Before these technologies were introduced, potatoes were
tediously peeled and sliced by hand, and potato chips were dispensed from barrels or glass
display cases (Ament 2007). Herman Lay’s tactics as a traveling salesman then enabled Lay’s
potato chips to become the first successfully marketed national brand in the US. Today, potato
chip sales are over $6 billion annually in the US alone (Ament 2007). Similarly, potato
processing into French fries has been crucial to the potato’s popularity. In the US, fast food
chains, catering to consumers’ needs for reliable, affordable, and convenient food, popularized
fries by pairing them with burgers (Kiniry 2012). French fry sales surpassed regular potato sales
in the US in 1970 (Destination America 2012).
10. Ryu 10
Similarly, identification and widespread cultivation of the best crop varieties,
development and utilization of the crop-specific processing technologies, and introduction and
marketing of value-added products have been essential to the pineapple and the pomegranate’s
commercial success. The Hawaiian Pineapple Company, later known as the Dole Fruit
Company, widely popularized the pineapple and pineapple products across the US as the
country’s prime supplier of pineapple and pineapple products in the early 1900s (Beauman
2005). To successfully commercialize the pineapple, James Dole selected and propagated a
single hybrid variety of pineapple, the Cayenne; introduced and widely distributed the pineapple
in canned form; and marketed canned pineapple as “Hawaiian” to maintain the positive
association between the pineapple and the tropics (Beauman 2005; Okihiro 2009).
The company recognized as popularizing pomegranate in the US--POM Wonderful—
relied on similar tactics (Resnick and Wilkinson 2009). Led by marketing expert Lynda Resnick,
the company relied on a single variety of pomegranates, the Wonderful variety, known for its
sweet taste, ruby red color, and high nutritional value compared to other pomegranate varieties
(Resnick and Wilkinson 2009; “Pomegranate Wonderful Fruit” 2012). While POM Wonderful
massively expanded fresh pomegranate sales in the US, bringing sales from $0 to $165 million in
its first seven years of operation, POM Wonderful popularized pomegranates largely through
popularizing pomegranate juice, which is much simpler to consume than the pomegranate. In
order to commercialize the juice, Resnick invested in developing new processing technologies,
first to optimize juice extraction from arils and then to manufacture a unique container for
pomegranate juice: a bottle shaped like two pomegranates vertically stacked (Resnick and
Wilkinson 2009). Then, Resnick’s marketing of the pomegranate as an extremely nutritious
“superfruit” needed in daily doses was crucial to the company’s success at a time when US
11. Ryu 11
consumers were increasingly focusing on food products’ nutritional attributes. Resnick’s adept
use of print, radio, billboard, and film advertisements and social media were also important to the
company’s success in popularizing the pomegranate in the US (Resnick and Wilkinson 2009).
The cases of the potato, pineapple, and pomegranate show that extremely successful
commercialization of the jackfruit requires the research and identification of the top jackfruit
varieties, development of jackfruit-specific processing technologies, and strategic marketing of
jackfruit and its products. Establishment of a jackfruit research institute and jackfruit processing
centers in Karnataka will enable Karnataka to fulfill these requirements.
1. Establish a Jackfruit Research Institute
Currently, jackfruit suffers from a lack of research and development globally (APAARI
2012). Yet, there is worldwide concern about the increasing loss of diversity of plant genetic
resources, especially in underutilized crops (Williams and Haq 2002), and a recent study found
that genetic erosion is reducing the quality of Bangladesh’s jackfruit, before the diverse genetic
resources have even been leveraged for crop improvement (Khan et al. 2010). Jackfruit’s genetic
diversity is a valuable resource for the present and for the future, and there is no better place to
document and leverage it than in India: jackfruit originated in southern India’s Western Ghats, so
southern India has the greatest diversity of genetic resources for the jackfruit, in addition to
climates suitable for these varieties (APAARI 2012). India has the latent potential to become the
global leader in jackfruit research.
Research into the best jackfruit varieties will have enormous positive influence on
jackfruit commercialization. Because the jackfruit flowers are open-pollinated, there is especially
wide variation in seedlings (Elevitch and Manner 2006). From the tremendous variety of
jackfruit varieties in India, jackfruit varieties can be selected for optimal color, taste, texture, and
12. Ryu 12
tree height (for ease of harvesting). “Gumless” jackfruit varieties also exist, lacking the sticky
latex that makes jackfruit bulb extraction particularly cumbersome. No organizations have yet
undertaken systematic efforts to characterize or propagate these varieties, but there is enormous
potential in doing so, as gumless jackfruit is easier to eat and serve fresh and to process into
value-added products (CARD-Krishi Vigyan Kendra 2012). One farmer in Karnataka who took
an interest in gumless jackfruit successfully grafted a gumless tree through experimentation, and
the fruit was so desirable that he distributed over 100,000 gumless jackfruit seedlings across four
states in southern India over the next two decades (National Innovation Foundation-India 2011).
In addition, jackfruit trees can be grafted or systematically planted to yield fruit year-round, as
different varieties ripen during different months (Fernandes 2012). In a jackfruit research
institute, the ideal jackfruit varieties for commercialization can be systematically developed.
Then, the institute can disseminate grafts of these ideal varieties to farmers and agricultural
entrepreneurs to enable mass production of high-quality and standardized fruit.
The institute should also work to develop processing technologies optimized for the
jackfruit. To the knowledge of the author, the Jackfruit Promotion Council, and the president of
the Group Rural Agricultural Marketing Association (GRAMA), there are no jackfruit-specific
processing technologies in India. Companies in other countries focused on jackfruit processing
may have developed some jackfruit-specific processing technologies to enable mass production
(Shree Padre, personal communication, November 20, 2012), but in India, individuals and
groups engaged in jackfruit processing use the same technologies for dehydrating and pulping
jackfruit bulbs as they use for other tropical fruits (Joseph Luckose, President of GRAMA,
personal communication, November 20, 2012; Mohan Hodawdekar, jackfruit processor in
Maharashtra, personal communication, December 8, 2012). The extraction of bulbs from the
13. Ryu 13
jackfruit and the peeling of seeds during jackfruit seed flour production are extremely labor-
intensive processes (Joseph Luckose, personal communication, November 20, 2012):
mechanization of these processes would greatly facilitate commercialization of the jackfruit.
There is a strong precedent for the establishment of a jackfruit research institute: a
research institute has been established for jackfruit’s close relative, the breadfruit, in Hawaii
(California Rare Fruit Growers 1996). Founded in 2003, the Breadfruit Institute is based at the
National Tropical Botanical Garden (NTBG) in Hawaii (National Tropical Botanical Garden
2012). The Institute manages the world’s largest and most extensive breadfruit collection,
including over 120 varieties from the Pacific region, the Seychelles, Indonesia, and the
Philippines. The Institute’s mission is to promote the conservation and use of the breadfruit for
both food and reforestation, and the Institute, though a not-for-profit organization, is working to
popularize the fruit locally as a sustainable and nutritious resource (National Tropical Botanical
Garden 2012b; Diane Ragone, personal communication, October 22, 2012). The head of the
Institute, Diane Ragone, notes that breadfruit processing is yet in its infancy and is working to
secure funding to do additional work in processing: in the meantime, she is using seminars,
recipe books, and workshops with chefs, breadfruit growers, and consumers to increase
awareness and facilitate production of the many value-added products possible from the
breadfruit (Diane Ragone, personal communication, October 22, 2012).
Thus, the precedent exists for the establishment of a jackfruit research institute that
encompasses all aspects relevant to the fruit’s popularization, from the identification and
development of ideal fruit varieties, through processing strategies, to product marketing to
consumers. Just as the Breadfruit Institute is based at the NTBG, a not-for-profit institution
dedicated to learning about the world’s tropical plants and spreading this knowledge (National
14. Ryu 14
Tropical Botanical Garden 2012a), India’s Jackfruit Institute could be based at an agricultural
university.
The University of Agricultural Sciences (UAS), Bangalore, presents an ideal location for
India’ Jackfruit Institute. Established in 1964, the University’s Main Research Station is centered
on a 202-acre farm (University of Agricultural Sciences 2012). The University has a record of
dedication to jackfruit research and promotion. Researchers at UAS have identified a few
excellent varieties of jackfruit, studied genetic variation in jackfruit, and worked to develop
jackfruit processing strategies for commercialization (APAARI 2012; CARD-Krishi Vigyan
Kendra 2012; “Stress on Jackfruit Processing” 2012; Shyamalamma et al. 2008). UAS sponsors
jackfruit seminars and processing training programs during the jackfruit season, and scientists
attend jackfruit festivals to meet innovative farmers and to share knowledge (S. Shyamalamma,
personal communication, June 15, 2012; S. Shyamalamma, personal communication, December
5, 2012). In addition, UAS’s Vice-Chancellor is a prime advocate for jackfruit. In 2007, Vice-
Chancellor Narayana Gowda helped form the Toobugere Jackfruit Growers’ Association (TBJA)
of small and marginal jackfruit farmers in Doddaballapur district of Karnataka. As a result of this
group’s formation, jackfruit farmers’ incomes have tripled (Padre 2009).
Furthermore, based in Bangalore, India’s third largest city (Census India 2011), the
Jackfruit Research Institute could gain international repute and rally national and international
resources to support jackfruit. A general manager at Sathguru Management Consultants, based in
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, has conveyed to the author his organization’s marked interest in
working to increase jackfruit utilization (Suresh Damodaran, personal communication,
November 6, 2012). Food science faculty members at Cornell University and UC Davis, two of
the US’s best universities for food science, have communicated their interest in studying
15. Ryu 15
jackfruit species and processing in India (Suresh Damodaran, personal communication,
November 6, 2012; Diane Barrett, personal communication, November 16, 2012). Dr. Nyree
Zerega, Director of the Graduate Program in Plant Biology and Conservation at the Chicago
Botanic Garden, has conducted research on jackfruit and breadfruit in the past and is increasingly
interested in focusing her research on jackfruit species and processing (Nyree Zerega, personal
communication, December 6, 2012; Khan et al. 2010; Zerega et al. 2003; Zerega, Ragone, and
Motley 2005).
Finally, in the context of increasingly frequent jackfruit festivals across southern India,
the Jackfruit Institute will be recognized as a landmark initiative effectively leveraging an
amazing opportunity for broad contributions to society. The farmers, processors, researchers, and
fanatics who have been in attendance at over three dozen jackfruit festivals held in southern
India (Vinayak 2012) will deeply appreciate the Institute and make good use of its resources,
actively contributing to creating a bright future for India’s jackfruit.
2. Establish Jackfruit Processing Centers
In order to ensure the brilliant success of Karnataka’s jackfruit industry, Karnataka needs
to invest in the development of jackfruit processing centers: at these regional resource centers,
jackfruit farmers and entrepreneurs will be equipped with the knowledge and techniques that
emerge from the Jackfruit Research Institute. The jackfruit processing centers will also serve as
the meeting point for seminars for jackfruit species and product awareness and training programs
for processing and marketing. These centers will then spearhead the allocation of subsidies and
grants for jackfruit processing enterprises.
The precedents for these processing centers are established in Sri Lanka and even in
Maharashtra and Kerala. In Sri Lanka, the Horticulture Crop Research and Development Institute
16. Ryu 16
(HORDI) run by the Ministry of Agriculture has provided jackfruit processing training to street
vendors, housewives, and entrepreneurs (Padre 2012). The Ministry secured funding from the
International Centre for Underutilized Crops (ICUC) to provide these trainings free of cost.
Fourteen institutions have joined HORDI in organizing workshops and conducting training
programs. One of these institutions, the Rural Enterprises Network (REN), has spearheaded
unripe jackfruit dehydration and bottling of jackfruit products. The non-profit organization has
large-scale and small-scale electric driers and other processing equipment on site for training
programs and assists micro and small-scale rural enterprises with other business development
services. Agricultural journalist and jackfruit expert Shree Padre reports, “As a result, Sri Lanka
has become the world leader in making jackfruit the key to food security and raising the incomes
of the poor” (Padre 2012).
Jackfruit processing is advancing rapidly in Maharashtra and Kerala as well. An
entrepreneur in Sindhudurg, Maharashtra, developed a cost-effective semi-automatic machine to
produce pulp from a locally abundant jackfruit variety, and this innovation led to the creation of
Sfurti, a consortium dedicated to the pulp’s commercial production (Express News Service
2012). Today, the consortium produces jackfruit chocolates and modaks in enormous quantities
as well. One of the local farmers who worked with the consortium has since exported jackfruit
pulp to the UK and to the US. The organization continues to innovate and expand, with support
the Maharashtra Government’s Ministry of Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). In
September 2012, plans were revealed for a collaboration among Sfurti, the Kerala State
Horticultural Mission, and the Jackfruit Promotion Council to “create a jackfruit revolution”
(Express News Service 2012).
17. Ryu 17
In Kerala, the Kerala Small Farmer’s Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) spearheaded a
training program on the manufacturer of jackfruit products in 2004 in collaboration with the
Department of Home Science at Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani (Kerala Small
Farmer’s Agribusiness Consortium n.d.). Today, Kerala SFAC is giving subsidies for jackfruit
processing (Shree Padre, personal communication, December 3, 2012). Meanwhile, CARD-
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pathanamthitta has been organizing jackfruit processing training
programs in collaboration with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
(NABARD) for multiple years (CARD-Krishi Vigyan Kendra 2012; Shree Padre, personal
communication, December 3, 2012).
Most notable is that in November 2012, the Kerala State Agriculture Department initiated
a project to develop branded commercial jackfruit products abundantly across the state (TNN
2012). The state government has given administrative sanction for the establishment of a primary
processing hub for jackfruit in Pathanamthitta District. This follows the Kerala government’s
sanction of Rs. 5,255,000 (105,100 USD) for comprehensive study of jackfruit varieties,
availability, processing, and products. Plans state that the processing center will be established in
association with CARD-Krishi Vigyan Kendra of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research
and that CARD-Krishi Vigyan Kendra will help select the 50 entrepreneurs with the highest
potential for jackfruit processing and product development training programs. In the future, the
processing center will provide technological assistance and guidance to aspiring jackfruit
entrepreneurs (TNN 2012).
Conclusion
Thus, the need and the precedents for Karnataka’s Jackfruit Institute and Jackfruit
Processing Centers are evident. Utilization of jackfruit, an naturally abundant and nutritious
18. Ryu 18
resource, will enormously strengthen food security and economic security in Karnataka and will
pave the way for the commercialization of many other underutilized crops. The cases of the
potato, pineapple, and pomegranate show that extremely successful commercialization of the
jackfruit requires the research and identification of the top jackfruit varieties, development of
jackfruit-specific processing technologies, and strategic marketing of jackfruit and its products.
Establishment of a jackfruit research institute and jackfruit processing centers in Karnataka will
enable Karnataka to fulfill these requirements. Hawaii’s Breadfruit Institute, Sri Lanka’s HORTI
and REN, and Maharashtra and Kerala state governments’ jackfruit promotion efforts provide
meaningful precedents for the establishment of the Institute and Processing Centers. Now is the
time for Karnataka, India’s leading jackfruit producer, to take the lead in jackfruit research and
commercialization and to usher in a bright future for jackfruit and for Karnataka.
19. Ryu 19
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38. Ryu 38
All of the photos above have been contributed by Shree Padre of Adike Padrike and Chef Jose
Varkey of Casino Hotel, CGH Earth Experience.
For more photos of jackfruit products and entrepreneurs, please visit the CARD-KVK blog at
http://panasamwonders.blogspot.com/ and the Jackfruit Promotion Council blog at
http://jackfruitpromotioncouncil.wordpress.com/
The photos below show Annie Ryu, the author of this proposal, at a press conference in
Mangalore, a jackfruit festival, a jackfruit processing training program, and a specialty food
stores in the US marketing Global Village Fruits dried jackfruit.
41. Ryu 41
Biography of the Author, Annie Ryu
Annie Ryu is a prolific social entrepreneur studying Social Anthropology, Global Health
and Health Policy at Harvard University. She tasted jackfruit for the first time while in India in
June 2011. Subsequent meetings with jackfruit researchers, farmers, and processing groups led
her to found Global Village Fruits, Inc., a social enterprise working to build jackfruit product
supply chains in India and to introduce jackfruit products to the US market. Before founding
Global Village Fruits, Annie served as the Nicaragua field investigator for a multi-country study
on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and the Associate Director for the
nonprofit Children of the Border. In 2010, she co-founded Remindavax, Inc., a text-message
reminder program serving over 4,000 mother-child pairs and their community health workers in
rural southern India. She is a Global Good Fund Fellow, one of Glamour’s 2012 Top Ten
College Women, and a former (’10-’11) honorary Fellow at the Legatum Center for
Development and Entrepreneurship at MIT.