1. Intravenous therapy provides for fluid and electrolyte maintenance, medication administration, nutritional support, blood products, and chemotherapy. It allows for direct introduction into the bloodstream bypassing barriers. 2. Methods of IV administration include push, intermittent access devices, intermittent or continuous infusion via pumps or gravity. Site selection considers patient factors and therapy duration. 3. Nurses must monitor IV therapy for complications like infiltration, phlebitis, or allergic reaction and ensure proper administration of fluid type and amount as ordered.

1. Chapter 23 Intravenous Medication Administration Mosby items and derived items © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

2. Percutaneous Administration Intravenous Therapy Provide fluid and electrolyte maintenance, restoration, and replacement Administer medication and nutritional feedings Administer blood and blood products Administer chemotherapy to cancer patients Administer patient-controlled analgesics Keep a vein open for quick access

4. Most rapid of all routes

5. Large volumes

6. Less irritation

7. Intermittent or continuous

8. Comfortable

10. Disadvantages of IV Therapy Local complications Accidental needle stick Rapid administration

11. Catheters Peripheral catheters Steel Needles Over-the-Needle Catheter Central Venous Catheters Central Line Implanted Tunneled PICC Hemodialysis

13. Median basilic vein

14. Dorsal metacarpal veins

16. Median basilic

18. Infusion Devices Electronic infusion pumps Syringe pumps Roller clamps Volume-control device

19. Blood Products Whole Blood Red Blood Cells Plasma Platelets

20. Blood Transfusion Reaction Typed & crossed S/S: Fever, increase or decrease HR, &/or rash Always hang with NS Infuse within 4 hours Monitor VS every 15 min.

21. IV Medication Administration Fluid replacement Intermittent medication Replace q24hr Intake & output

22. Percutaneous Administration Nursing Responsibility The nurse must ensure that fluid of the ordered type and amount is started and that the fluid is regulated to infuse over the period ordered.

23. Percutaneous Administration Nursing Responsibility Monitor intravenous therapy Check the infusion and the IV needle site at least every hour. Flow of fluid IV site: erythema, wetness, and edema Phlebitis Infiltration Assess for chills, fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, anxiousness, and dyspnea.

24. Percutaneous Administration Nursing Responsibility Assess for anaphylactic shock Respiratory distress Skin reactions Signs of circulatory collapse GI signs and symptoms Change in mental status Requires immediate intervention.

25. Key Terms Thrombosis Pneumothorax Phlebitis Embolus Extravasation Patency Venipuncture Infiltration