The document discusses the US DOT's efforts to implement wireless connectivity in surface transportation through its Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) program. It outlines the DOT's 5-year ITS strategic research plan, major ITS initiatives including applications for safety, mobility and the environment, and steps toward achieving a connected vehicle environment.

1. National ITS Program Update… Moving Towards Implementation of Wireless Connectivity in Surface Transportation Ray Murphy, US DOT - FHWA Office of Technical Services – Resource Center National ITS Update @ SIU ASCE Student Chapter Meeting – March 3, 2011

2. Overview ITS Update Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) Major ITS Initiatives Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) The Clarus Initiative The Vehicle Data Translator (VDT) Integrated Mobile Observing (IMO) Project Connected Vehicle Initiative Wrap-Up Q&A Introduction Background Context – Scope of the Problem 2011 National ITS Update

3. US DOT www.dot.gov/ Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center http://www.tfhrc.gov/ FHWA HQ http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ R esource C enter http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/resourcecenter/ 51 Federal-Aid State Divisions http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/field.html National Highway Institute http://www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov/ Office of Technical Services Technology Partnership Programs http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl/tech.cfm RITA http://www.rita.dot.gov/ 2011 National ITS Update

4. Office of Technical Services Resource Center Atlanta, GA Georgia Matteson, IL Illinois Technical Assistance – Technology Deployment – Training Lakewood, CO Colorado Baltimore, MD Maryland One Resource Center Five Locations 2011 National ITS Update Ray Murphy, ITS Specialist U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Office of Technical Services Intelligent Transportation Systems 511/Real-Time Data Systems Road Weather Management Emergency Transportation Operations San Francisco, CA California

5. THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisors to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is an honorific society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. 4 organizations comprise the Academies: the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering , the Institute of Medicine & the National Research Council (NRC). The work of the NRC is made possible by the world’s top scientists, engineers, and other professionals who volunteer their time without compensation to serve on committees and participate in activities. Transportation Research Board (TRB) - is 1 of 6 major divisions of the NRC. TRB provides leadership in transportation innovation and progress through research & information exchange. TRB engages more than 7,000 engineers, scientists, & other transportation researchers & practitioners from the public and private sectors & academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest by participating on TRB committees, panels, and task forces. The program is supported by state transportation departments, federal agencies including the component administrations of the U.S. Department of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the development of transportation. http://www.trb.org/GetInvolvedwithTRB/public/GetInvolvedwithTRB.aspx 2011 National ITS Update It’s all about Partnerships…

6. The Intelligent Transportation Society of America (ITS America) was established in 1991 as a not-for-profit organization to foster the use of advanced technologies in surface transportation systems. They are one of the leading advocates for technologies that improve the safety, security and efficiency of the nation's surface transportation system. Their members includes private corporations, public agencies, and academic institutions involved in the research, development and design of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies to enhance safety, increase mobility, and sustain the environment. Mission - to be proactive leaders for all ITS stakeholders promoting collaboration and networking in research, development and design of ITS technologies to accelerate their deployment and sustain the environment. Vision - help save lives, time and money and sustain the environment through broad deployment of interoperable ITS technologies. http://www.itsa.org/worldcongress.html 2011 National ITS Update

7. The ENTERPRISE Program is a FHWA Pooled Fund Study with member agencies from North America and Europe. Its main purpose is to use the pooled resources of its members, private sector partners and the United States federal government to develop, evaluate and deploy Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Members http://www.enterprise.prog.org 2011 National ITS Update Goals and Objectives The goals for ENTERPRISE aim to define areas of benefit which the group intends to pursue. ENTERPRISE goals include the following: increase highway safety; reduce highway congestion; increase highway efficiency; reduce environmental impacts of travel; increase comfort and convenience of travel; and support research and development of promising advanced technologies for use in solving transportation problems.

8. The Scope of the Problem!!! 24% of all crashes occur under adverse weather conditions 2011 National ITS Update Safety ~40,000 deaths/year ~6,000,000 crashes/year Leading cause of death for ages 4 to 34 Mobility ~4,200,000,000 hours of travel delay ~$80,000,000,000 cost of urban congestion Environment ~2,900,000,000 gallons of wasted fuel

9. National Congestion 2010 Annual Urban Mobility Report 2011 National ITS Update

10. U.S. Department of Transportation Budget Invests $129 Billion in Restoring America's Economic Competitiveness Monday, February 14, 2011 U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood today said President Obama’s $129 billion budget for the U.S. Department of Transportation, the first year of a comprehensive six-year transportation plan, will lay a new foundation for economic growth and competitiveness by rebuilding the nation’s transportation systems, enabling innovative solutions to transportation challenges and ensuring the highest level of safety for all Americans. Nationwide, our transportation systems are already congested & overburdened. With the US population expected to grow from more than 300 million in 2010 to more than 400 million by 2050, rebuilding and expanding the capacity of our roads, airports and transit systems is a strategic necessity for long-term economic growth. The transportation investments proposed in President Obama’s FY12 budget will put Americans to work repairing the bridges and repaving the roads we have now, while supporting the development of the new electric buses and high-speed rail lines of America’s future. The Administration’s six-year proposal will also provide $336 billion, a 48 percent increase over the previous authorization, to rebuild America’s roads and bridges, and $119 billion, a 128 percent increase over the previous authorization, in funding for affordable, sustainable, and efficient transit options. 2011 National ITS Update

11. http://www.itsa.org/itsa/files/pdf/092910%20Smart%20Technologies%20for%20Communities%20Act.pdf Smart Technologies for Communities Act and related legislation that will be reintroducing this spring as part of the surface transportation reauthorization. 2011 National ITS Update

12. Smart Technologies for Communities Act 2011 National ITS Update The Scope of the Problem!!!

13. Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) A Truly Multimodal and Connected Effort… Vision To research and facilitate a national, multimodal surface transportation system that features a connected transportation environment around vehicles of all types , the infrastructure, and portable devices to serve the public good by leveraging technology to maximize safety, mobility, and environmental performance. Plan developed with full participation by all surface transportation modal administrations as well as with significant interaction with multi-modal stakeholders. Addressing the Problem!!! 2011 National ITS Update

14. ITS Research = Multimodal and Connected www.ITS.DOT.GOV 2011 National ITS Update Vehicles and Fleets Wireless Devices Infrastructure Drivers/Operators

15. ITS Strategic Research Plan – Overall Work Program 2010 2011 2012 2013 Is Infrastructure Required for Security? Yes No Define Infrastructure Requirements Refine Application Strategy Yes No Deployment Scenarios Preliminary Financial Scenarios Preliminary Deployment Scenarios Final Financial Scenarios Final Governance & Certification Assess Driver Distraction Objective Tests Field Testing Application Assessment Objective Testing Requirements Determination Benefits Determination Field Testing Regulatory Decisions Applications Infrastructure Technology Market Penetration Sustainable Acceptable Scalability Additional Testing Other App Testing Note: Investments extend beyond 2013 2011 National ITS Update Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) Standards Security Positioning Data Define Requirements Technical Testing Develop Business Options Retrofit Feasible? Fleet Turnover OK?

16. Goal: Safety Vehicle to Vehicle Communications for Safety Vehicle to Infrastructure Communications for Safety Goal: Mobility Real-Time Data Capture and Management & Dynamic Mobility Applications Goal: Environment National, multi-modal surface transportation system that features a connected transportation environment among vehicles (cars, trucks, buses, fleets of all kinds), the infrastructure, and mobile devices to serve the public good by leveraging technology to maximize safety, mobility and environmental performance. Connectivity is achieved through dedicated short range communications (DSRC). Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) Real-time, environmental data from all sources will be integrated and available for use in multimodal transportation management and performance improvement and will contribute to better environmental practices. Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) 2011 National ITS Update

17. ITS Research Program Components 2011 National ITS Update

18. Safety Applications Leverage technology to make vehicles discoverable to other vehicles, infrastructure, and pedestrians. Enable 360 degree situational awareness to the vehicle/driver for potentially hazardous situations 2011 National ITS Update

19. ITS Strategic Plan – Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) Communications for Safety Purpose To accelerate the implementation of next generation of safety improvements through the widespread deployment of V2V - equipped vehicles of all types (truck, transit, auto & fleets) Headlines 76% Crash Scenarios DSRC 5.9GHz Vehicles have 360° awareness (“Here I Am”) FY 2011 investment up to $11, 500,000 Objectives Reach NHTSA regulatory decision by 2013 Accelerate in-vehicle technology to ensure value to the first V2V vehicles Safety Applications - The Game Changers 2011 National ITS Update

20. 5.9 GHz DSRC Overview SPECTRUM USED DATA RATE COVERAGE ALLOCATION STATUS INTERFERENCE POTENTIAL MAXIMUM RANGE MINIMUM SEPARATION CHANNEL CAPACITY POWER (Downlink) POWER (Uplink) 75 MHz 6 Mbps - 27 Mbps Overlapping communication zones Co-Primary Status (high protection) Sparsely located Military Radars, Sparsely located Satellite Uplinks 1000 m (~ 3000 ft) 50 ft (on small zone channels) 7 channels Nominally less than 33 dBm (2 W)* Nominally less than 33 dBm (2 W)* ITS RADIO SERVICE is the FCC Part 90 designation for the 915 MHz & 5.9 GHz DSRC spectrum. *Note - as a special case up to 44.77 dBm (30 W) may be use for qualified public safety applications. PARAMETERS 5850 - 5925 MHz Band Green – Substantial Advantage over 91 0 MHz systems 5.9 GHz DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) is a short to medium range communications service that supports both Public Safety and Private operations in roadside infrastructure to vehicle (V2I) & vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication environments. It is one of the most effective means to deliver rapidly changing information that is time and location dependent. DSRC can be used anywhere timely delivery of data is required. 2011 National ITS Update

21. A World With Connected Vehicles and Travelers “ Here I Am” / Where’s My Bus/Carpool? latitude, longitude, time, heading angle, speed, lateral acceleration, longitudinal acceleration, yaw rate, throttle position, brake status, steering angle, headlight status, wiper status, external temperature, turn signal status, vehicle length, vehicle width, vehicle mass, bumper height 2011 National ITS Update

22. FOUNDATIONAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM AREA Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) Major Milestones Safety V2I Safety V2V AERIS Data Capture Dynamic Mobility Apps. Safety Pilot Testbed RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT & TESTING PILOT IMPLEMENTATIONS Sys. Eng. Security Standards 7/09 7/11 7/13 7/15 1/11 V2V NHTSA Agency Decision Mobility and Environment Workshop Mobility Benefits Testbed Launch Upgraded Testbed Launch Revised Architecture Released V2I Apps Defined Regional Pilots High-Priority AERIS Applications Selected Safety Workshop AERIS Benefit Safety Pilot Safety Benefits Assessment Completed High-Priority Mobility Apps Announced Qualified Product Lists (QPLs) MOBILITY SAFETY B B B V to V Apps Data Environments Apps Develop Initial Aftermarket V to I Apps Policy Certification Governance Prototype Certification Process Prototype Governance Structure Prototype Security Process It will take a series of steps to get there… 2011 National ITS Update

23. Step One – Accelerate V to V Safety Develop a Core Set of Applications Conduct Benefits Assessment Develop Driver Vehicle Interface Guidelines Define Globally Harmonized Standards Assess Security Issues Accelerate V to V DSRC Devices Basic Safety Message Broadcast Devices (Here I am) Aftermarket Safety Devices Prepare for 2013 NHTSA Agency Decision SAFETY 2011 National ITS Update Human Factors

24. Step 2 - Demonstrate Safety Safety Pilot Major road test and real world implementation taking place 2011 – 2013 involving: Multiple vehicle types Fully integrated systems and aftermarket devices Test Prototype security mechanisms, and Certification processes Goals Support real world V2V and V2I applications with a data rich environment Establish benefits data in support of NHTSA 2013 Agency Decision on V2V Communications with Real World Field Data Create Public Awareness & Determine User Acceptance SAFETY 2011 National ITS Update

25. Step 3 – Define the System and Establish a Testing Environment “ In the street – running Jan 2012” CA Testbed FL Testbed NY Testbed FHWA Turner Fairbank Testbed SAFETY 2011 National ITS Update Systems Engineering Approach Aug./Sept. 2010 Oct. to Dec. 2010 Jan. to March 2011 Summer 2011

26. Step 4 - Build V to I Safety, Mobility, and AERIS Data Environments and Applications V to I for Safety – Accelerate Signal Phase and Timing (SPAT) Based Applications, Smart Roadside, and Transit Prototype the Data Environment of the Future – All Vehicles as Probes and Open Data Prototype, Field Test and Analyze Mobility Applications Use Open Source Software Approach to accelerate deployment Define and Test AERIS Applications Signal Systems Transit Management Freight R.E.S.C.U.E.M.E ATIS Speed Harmonization MOBILITY Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) 2011 National ITS Update

27. Step Five – Build a Reference Implementation Reflect the System Architecture Utilize Harmonized International Standards Implement a Certification Process Implement a Governance Process Implement a Security Process Policy Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) 2011 National ITS Update

28. Multiple Implementation Areas Opportunity to Pilot a variety of applications per area’s need (Sites choose from a suite of field tested applications) Seeds Implementation Uses Lessons Learned from Safety Pilot Builds on a Stakeholder Defined Architecture Accelerates DSRC for Safety Leverages Available Wireless Communications for Mobility and Environment Applications Leverages Private Sector Investments Occurring Now Step 6 - Conduct Regional Pilots It will take a series of steps to get there… 2011 National ITS Update

29. Five Year ITS Strategic Research Plan (2010 – 2014) – Real-Time Data Capture & Management Purpose To accelerate the implementation of the next generation of transportation system improvements by providing real-time, cross-modal (bus, rail, parking, roadway) information in all 50 states that will improve energy conservation, traveler information, safety, and reduce congestion Purpose To improve transportation mobility by providing travelers and transportation system operators with real-time, dynamic, cross-modal decision-making capabilities through access to a nationwide suite of applications based on improved collection and processing of real-time data, supplemented by improved communications between vehicles (transit, truck, auto and fleets) and infrastructure Dynamic Mobility Applications FY 2011 investment up to $1, 995,000 FY 2011 investment up to $8,000,000 Headlines Applications for Real-Time data that are both DSRC & non DSRC-based V2I Multi-modal applications for mobility Headlines Real-Time multimodal information throughout the U.S. captured from connected vehicles, devices and infrastructure. 2011 National ITS Update

30. Mobility and Environment Enhance mobility and environmental benefits through fewer crashes and richer data 2011 National ITS Update

31. ITS Strategic Plan – Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) Road Weather Management Purpose To generate/acquire environmentally-relevant real-time transportation data, use this data to create actionable information to support and facilitate “green” transportation choices, and assist system users and operators with “green” transportation alternatives or options Approved FY 2011 Funding: $1,930,000 Purpose To facilitate and improve the value of road weather information provided by both public and private sector weather communities to all transportation users and operators through robust data assimilation, quality checking and effective dissemination FY 2011 investment up to $4,600,000 2011 National ITS Update Real-time… Robust data…

32. The Clarus Initiative A database management system for all surface transportation weather observations in North America One database removes borders Provides advanced quality checking for both atmospheric & pavement data Includes extensive metadata www.clarus-system.com Easy access via web portal & subscription Once development completed, transfer to NOAA for operations Road Weather Management… 2011 National ITS Update

33. The Clarus System provides near real-time atmospheric and pavement observations from participating states’ environmental sensor stations (ESS). Functions include: data assimilation, quality checking, and data dissemination 2011 National ITS Update

34. 2011 National ITS Update

35. Integrated traveler information systems Data delivery to trucking dispatch centers and transportation agency centers Integration of vehicle detectors and radio frequency identification with ESS for CVO services How Transportation Agencies are using ITS applications such as the Clarus System to Improve Operations 2011 National ITS Update

36. Vehicle-based Probe Data Weather Data & the Connected Vehicle 2011 National ITS Update

37. The Vehicle Data Translator (VDT) Functions Parsing Filtering Quality Checking Data integration Statistical processing Data export VDT Data Parser Processing Cache Data Filtering Algorithms Data Quality Checking Statistical Processing Output Queue Ancillary Data Data Subscribers sophisticated processing of data Road Weather Management developed by NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) 2011 National ITS Update Data Network

38. Clarus Connected Vehicle Data Capture VDT (NCAR) Wireless communications e.g. 3G/4G cellular or RF data-link State DOT Vehicles State DOT Clarus Regional Demo 2-5 MDSS MMS Other Connected Vehicle Applications DOT Operations NCAR State DOT entity Clarus entity Connected Vehicle Entity Commercial or gov’t program Legend : Internet data flow Step I Step II Step III Step IV & V Project Vision Wireless data flow Integrated Mobile Observing & Dynamic Decision Support New Project Road Weather Management 2011 National ITS Update

39. Connected Vehicle Challenge- Mode Specific Research Achieved Through A national, multi-modal surface transportation system that features a connected transportation environment among vehicles, the infrastructure, and portable devices to serve the public by leveraging technology to maximize safety, mobility and environmental performance … and a suite of targeted research and development initiatives that support cross-modal ITS solutions www.Challenge.gov. 2011 National ITS Update

40. Opportunity for Safer Driving The Connected Vehicle has the potential to address 82% of the vehicle crash scenarios involving unimpaired drivers Greater situational awareness Your vehicle can “see” nearby vehicles and knows roadway conditions you can’t see Reduce or even eliminate crashes thru: Driver Advisories Driver Warnings Vehicle control 2011 National ITS Update

41. Opportunity for Greater Mobility & Efficiency Creating an information-rich environment for multi-modal transportation solutions. Traveler information for rerouting or “modal shift” options Better management & system performance of road network Urban planning Environmental benefits Reduced stopping/starting at traffic signals which consumes 3-5 times more fuel than constant driving Navigation systems with real time information can reduce fuel consumption by 10.5% over systems without real time traffic data 2011 National ITS Update

42. 2011 National ITS Update Opportunities are endless…

43. Ray Murphy, US DOT - FHWA ray.murphy@dot.gov 708-215-0979 My sincere appreciation goes out to Professor Eichfeld, Megan Hoelscher – ASCE President and the members of the ASCE Student Chapter! Thank you for your time and attention - best wishes on all future endeavors! On behalf of the US DOT/FHWA… 2011 National ITS Update http://www.slideshare.net/raymurphy9533/2011-national-its-update-2-2511-public-version?from=share_email