Italian Immigration Essay: Cultural Impact in America

Italian Immigration To America Essay
One of the primary reasons that led to the very different, and very much worse reception of Catholic Italian immigrants in the United States when
compared to other Catholic European immigrants, was the attitude Italians held in regards to the country they lived in, the United States. Italian
immigrants felt alienated in their new country. They believed that conforming to American values too quickly was a direct threat to their own beliefs
(Specifically the domus). This was especially true in the Italian Harlem. However, as Orsi states, "the alienation was not a purely internal matter; it
was also caused by American xenophobia" (Orsi 160). She goes on to say that this discriminating view held by Americans led to Italians being
stereotyped as the "worker", meaning a threat to take the jobs of Americans born in the United States. This led to almost everything of Italian
significance being omitted in schools which led to students getting a sense of Italian inferiority. Teachers and students went as... Show more content on
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Family was of great importance to Italians and that did not change once they arrived in the United States. The term they used to describe this
family–centered way of life was Domus, or culture of the home. It was for this reason that the home was very important to the Italians. To highlight the
importance of the domus that Italians brought to the United States, Covello made four principles of the domus, the points are; "10. One should stand
by blood relatives in any situation whether they be right or wrong. 15. Married couples should never sever their relations with their parents. 17.
Children should respect the friends and relatives to their parents and in their behavior conform to the opinions of these friends and relatives. 21.
Husband and wife should represent the union of two blood groups and not the union of two people who mutually arouse each other's emotions." (Orsi
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Racial Inequality In Brazil
Towards the end of the 19th century, immigration to Brazil began to rapidly increase. The demand for coffee continued to increase, and the coffee
production industry expanded due to an influx in immigrants from Japan, Portugal, Spain, Italy, as well as several other European countries. Brazil was
a divided nation, lacking a unified population or shared culture. The goal of allowing an influx of European immigrants into the country was to
conform to European culture, and "civilize" Brazil. Essentially, Brazil had desires to "whiten" the population. The largely black, and Mulatto population
quickly began to transform into predominantly white. Racial inequality and discrimination marked Brazil, and created distinct divisions amongst the
population. Following abolition, Afro–Brazilians had immense difficulty in defining their own place in Brazilian society. Prior to the 1980s, racist
attitudes as well the intention of Westernizing Brazil, made it challenging for Afro–Brazilians to achieve economic or social mobility. Beginning in the
20th century, efforts to diminish racial inequality became increasingly necessary to Brazil. Afro–Brazilians have faced severe inequity post abolition,
however in recent decades the eradication of racial inequality has become imperative. Scientific racism emerged in Brazil from France, and was
rooted from the philosophy positivism. Positivism was an ideology that declared any rational observation or idea can be scientifically, logically, or

Slavery and The Tropicalia Movement in Brazil
Starting in 1538, nearly four million Africans were taken from Ghana, Nigeria, Angola, Congo and Mozambique to be forced into slavery in Brazil's
sugar plantations and mining industries. The slave trade was eradicated in 1850, and by 1871 the Brazilian legislature passed the Law of the Free
Womb. This law was designed to grant freedom to slave's newborn children and served as a precursor to the abolition ofslavery in 1888. They made
home for themselves in Brazil, as it had the largest amount of African diaspora. Former slaves and their descendants established an Afro Brazilian
culture and the cultural traditions, notably musical, brought along with them inevitably mingled with those of Brazil. They brought new rhythmic
complexities and melodic patterns with them, and were recognized for using music as way of bringing people together through communal
participation. Their musical traditions have maintained very well preserved and were legitimate contributions to Brazil's culture. Afro Brazilian
influences became fundamental components for a new generation of musicians in Brazil, and pride in their African roots flourished for the first time.
On a typical evening in Brazil, an overabundance of vibrant rhythms and people on every corner are embellished in eccentric fashion filled the streets.
Percussion beats, bells, trumpets, whistles and other instruments sound through the streets as people dance or play along. Music is a defining factor of
identity in Brazilian culture.

Cultural Differences Between The Nisei And The Issei
In 1869, the first Japanese Immigrants arrived in California in an attempt to escape the Meiji restoration, which forced them out of their houses. Many
joined them in America after that, forming the first generation of Japanese–Americans, the Issei. Those immigrants then formed families and gave birth
to the second generation, the Nisei. However, the cultural differences between the Issei and the Nisei, who were all born in America, created an
important gap between the two generations. The short story "Seventeen Syllables", through the relation between Rosie, a Nisei young girl, and Tome
Hayashi, her mother, is a good depiction of this issue.
First of all, the lack of a common language between the Nisei and the Issei was the main problem in their relations. Most the Nisei went to American
schools where they learned everything in English. The Issei, for their part, had learned Japanese as their first language. In "Seventeen Syllables",
Rosie only has little knowledge in Japanese. Here, the author describes a bit more her level in that language: "It was about cats, and Rosie pretended to
understand it thoroughly and appreciate it no end, partly because she hesitated to disillusion her mother about the quantity and quality of Japanese she
had learned in all the years now that she had been going to Japanese school every Saturday (and Wednesday, too, in the summer)." (170) It reflects the
delicate situation in which that ignorance put the Nisei. To make their parents proud,

Racial Discrimination During The 20th Century
Starting in 1501, white Portuguese men enslaved over five million Africans and brought them back to Brazil to work on sugar plantations, creating a
power dynamic that has lasted for centuries. After nearly four hundred years of slavery, freed black men and women were left with no education, place
to live, or family, placing them at an economic disadvantage from the beginning. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, following
emancipation, white men began to procreate with indigenous and African women, creating a mixed or mulatto race, which led to the false identification
of Brazil as a country with a "racial democracy." However, darker–skinned individuals still remained at the bottom of the racial hierarchy, facing
systems of social, economic, and educational discrimination. The racial inequalities, products of historical legacy, have resulted in a society that has
severe racial stratifications and continues to subject Afro–Brazilians to prejudice, poverty, and police brutality. Although racial discrimination in
contemporary Brazilian society is pervasive, particularly noticeable in the lack of economic and social mobility, discrimination is not a new
phenomenon in Brazil, but rather the culmination of 500 years of historical inequities rooted in slavery, eugenics, immigration policy, the process of
miscegenation, and the myth of racial "democracy". Brazil's racial history has led to the formation of a society in which darker–skinned individuals face

Brazil Essay
After the slavery abolition in 1888 and throughout the 20th century, Africa figured relatively low in Brazil's foreign policy agenda, which have mostly
focused in the relations with the global powers such as the United States and European countries. This configuration started to change significantly in
the early 2000s, when the improved macroeconomic situation of Brazil coincided with Africa's economic revival. The turning point was, with no doubt,
under former President Lula's mandate (2003–2010).
Revoking historical ties and cultural similarities, Lula's discourse was frequently based in frames such as: "paying back the solidarity debt with the
African continent, due to centuries of slavery relied on the sweat and blood of millions of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Source: Cabral & Shankland (2013: 9).
According to a recent joint World Bank and IPEA document, the historical and cultural ties between Brazil and the African continent differentiate the
country from the other members of the BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India and China). The economic success of Brazil, its activities in the international
arena and its successful national social policies would be "lessons" for African countries (IPEA & World Bank, 2011).
Additionally to historical and cultural ties, other affinities in agro–ecology and epidemiology (and, in some cases, language) are often evoked as an
advantage of the Brazilian knowledge transfer to Africa, while the horizontal character of the partnership is presented as an alternative to the vertical
North–South interaction (Patriota & Pierri, 2013).
SECTION C: Brazil's investment and financing in Africa: interests
Trade and investments
In the relations between Brazil and Africa, it is not only in development cooperation that a significant increase started to be seen in the last decade.
Making a comparison, at the beginning of Lula's mandate in 2003, trade between the country and the continent was $5 billion, while by 2009 it had
surpassed $29 billion (LAHT, 2010). Although still accounting for a relatively small share in Brazilian

Country Notebook
Doris Chow
Part IV: Sections 1(D) & (E)
Promotion Mix (D) **You will need to delete in RED as it helps you piece it together as whole Brazil boasts having a reputation of fabricating some
of the world's most creative advertising especially when it is entertaining which includes familiar venues like the United States but in addition evening
soap operas known as telenovelas and sporting events are popular and coveted advertising space (O'Barr, 2008). Since the average Brazilian tends to
watch an average of five hours of television per day, television comprises of 59% of the media mix and the Brazilians are overtly loyal to their evening
news and telenovelas so to center their time around those events (Millwardbrown, n.d). Other ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Costs and premiums vary depending on the product and strategy but there are three types of ad agencies in Brazil which include multi–national agencies
that also service local accounts as well, smaller home–grown agencies that service primarily local clients and a small number of "extraordinary
successful Brazilian agencies that grew up in the last two decades and enjoy distinction as some of the world's most creative" (O'Barr, 2008).
Personal selling is usually preferred when there is an expensive higher end product that would be best sold on a one on one personalized contact
but is often costly to train the salesperson. According to Onkvisit and Shaw (2009), personal selling is often taught in trade or vocational schools
and is not seen as a prestigious occupation and in Brazil, salespeople are not trained well in comparison to U.S. standards. Door to door selling is
allowed in Brazil like in the U.S but for it to be successful, requires support in terms of training and information (Onkvisit and Shaw, 2009). It could be
considered as one of the more difficult methods of promotion as excellent communication and persuasion skills are necessary. Sales promotions
customarily used in Brazil include social media groups 'twitting' about latest sales as 63 millions Brazilians have access to

Derek Gerais Conspiracy
Portugal's colonization begins with the Treaty of Tordesilhas in 1494, which marked Portugal and Spain's control over South America along a
meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands. It wasn't until 1536 that a unique system of government was put in place in Brazil; fifteen
donatary captaincies were established, which were land grants given to a private person equivalent to a royal governor. The Royal Charter for the
Captaincy of Pernambuco issued to Duarte Coelho on September 24, 1534 defined how captaincies would function; these captaincies had their own
mini–constitutions called forals, which defined the captain–settler relationship to the crown, and many other power; the "governors" could set up a
government, had a monopoly over... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although, Pombal aimed to reduce Portuguese dependency on Britain and empower Portuguese control, he unknowingly strengthened Brazil itself. He
created privileged trading companies and tried to develop new exports such as cotton and rice. Also, he shifted the capital from Salvador, which is in
northeastern Brazil, to Rio de Janeiro, which is in southeastern brazil, in 1763, which emphasizes growing importance of the south over the north.
Wanting to cut down on contraband trade, Pombal by creating a new fleet system in which ships sailed under Portuguese auspices, actually encouraged
contraband trade. Lastly, he reformed education from emphasis on sciences and economics rather than philosophy and spiritually. He ameliorated
education by increasing the number of Brazilians to study at the University of Coimbra, and coming back to Brazil–similar to a brain

Brazilian Carnival : The World 's Most Notorious And...
Brazilian Carnival
The word carnival comes from the Latin carne vale, or "farewell to the flesh".The Brazilian Carnival is the most anticipated events for Brazilians and
one of the world's most notorious and humongous parties. Carnival (actually Carnaval in Portuguese) is a wild celebration of food, alcohol, music and
fun. Carnival is held all over the country; celebrations differ a bit by region, but Rio de Janeiro 's celebration is the most popular, drawing crowds of
500,000 foreigners annually from across the globe. It 's held annually for a few days before the start of Lent, the 40–day period of fasting, abstinence
and repentance that 's observed by the Roman Catholic Church before Easter.However, the Brazilians morphed it into a version uniquely their own over
time, adding in elements from the people 's African and indigenous cultural backgrounds. Thus, Carnival in Brazil eventually incorporated lots of
parades, elaborate costumes, music, dancing and balls. A tradition also developed where people dress up in opposing roles: men dress as women,
aristocrats dress as commoners, the poor dress as the rich. The Brazilian carnival has a deep history from around the world, tons of culture mix
throughout, and so many events to explore. The Brazilian Carnival has a deep history that comes from around the world. It is the world's largest party
but, the origins of the celebration come from Africa and Europe religions. The carnival was originally to some a Greek spring

Effects Of The Slave Trade On The Country 's Oldest Cities...
One of the country's oldest cities and the first capital of Brazil, from 1796 to 1888, Salvador de Bahia had witnessed successful blending of European,
African and Indigenous cultures. From 1558, the first slave market in the New World, with slaves arriving to work on the sugar plantations and later
tobacco fields, Salvador became the poster–child for positive cultural assimilation. The slave trade, which lasted in Bahia until 1888 had a direct impact
on the state today; large Afro–Brazilian population and its European, African, and Indigenous blend of cultures. The widespread impact of the slave
trade on the county's inhabitants, culture, and the economy proves that the slave trade in Salvador, Brazil led to more than an economical gain for the
Portuguese. I argue that slave and race relations in Salvador, Brazil though atrocious had outcomes that remain vastly different from other colonized
country's experience during this time racially, socially, and economically.
Salvador, historically known as, "SГЈo Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos" translates to "City of the Holy Savior of the Bay of all Saints," is the
largest city on the northeast coast of Brazil and the capital of the Brazilian state of Bahia. The first colonial capital of Brazil, the city is one of the
oldest in the Americas. Salvador is the third most populous Brazilian city, after SГЈo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The African influence in many cultural
aspects of the city makes it the center of Afro–Brazilian

Samba Carnival Analysis
Review 24 – Samba Carnival
About Samba Carnival
It doesn't get much more exciting and sultry than the Samba Carnival – outside of taking all that excitement and sexiness and turning it into a slot
game packed with prizes and bonus games. This is just what Play N Go did when they put together a game that offers players 5 reels and 15 paylines to
enjoy while listening to samba music and enjoying the carnival atmosphere and the brightly coloured fireworks lighting up the night sky. The carnival
is filled with the beauties of South America wearing their skimpiest Mardi Gras outfits, with Wild Maracas that multiply all throughout the night and
some bonus bongos that offer up to 150x your bet.
There are plenty of slot games out that promise to put punters in the party mood, but very few seldom deliver on the promise. Showing that Play N
Go is in the spirit of the summer season, they are letting the reels rock in Samba Carnival, but does this game have enough within its ranks to have
your partying in the street? Read on to find out!
Theme and Design
There are seven prize symbols to be found here, and four of them are fruits that can be turned into some tasty samba cocktails. Land a line of 3 to 5
matching fruits for 75 coins for limes and 100 coins for oranges. Squeeze the fruits for everything you can by getting 125 coins for the melons and
250 coins for pineapples. There's no beating the sexy samba ladies though, with three different dance troupes to enjoy. Troupe one is

Cultural Differences Between Brazil And Brazil Essay
Culture
Religion
Not only did the Portuguese influence Brazil about languages, but also religion. The Portuguese brought over their religion which was Roman Catholic.
About 64% of the population ascribes to the Roman Catholic faith. Other religions in Brazil included: other Catholic religions, Protestant, Christians,
Spiritism, and others. Only 8% of the population ascribe to no religion of any kind (Central Intelligence Agency, n.d.).
Diversity
Brazil has a rich culture with a unique blend of cultural variations. Brazil is even seen as one of the world's most varied and diverse countries. There
is a mixture of Indian, African, and European blood. There are currently more than 190 million people in Brazil. Half of the population is white, while
40% are mixed black and white. About 10% are black.
Crime often haunts the country of Brazil. Brazil has several issues with crime. Some of the most common crimes include muggings, robbing,
kidnappings, and gang violence. Another serious problem is the corruption in the law enforcement divisions. Many people will not report any incidents
to the police because of fear ("Brazil," n.d.).
Cultural Variations
The Brazilian have a class system, where discrimination of skin color occurs daily. Those with darker skin are typically disadvantaged. Class is also
determined by economic status. Those in the middle and upper classes often have little to no contact with the lower classes. The richest 10% of
Brazilians have access to over 40% of

Brazil as an Emerging World Power
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is widely known for football, women, the Brazilian Carnival, the Amazon, and the influential
capoeira and samba. Little do people know there is more to the fifth largest nation in the world, exceeded in size only by Russia, Canada, China, and
the United States (Poppino). In further reading of this paper, we will briefly discuss the history of Brazil, government and politics, the economy, and
last but not least, the culture of sports.
Numerous archaeological sites near Amazonian towns suggest that Tupian–speaking Indians inhabited the coastal lands of Brazil around 9,000 BC.
Farmers, fishers, and hunters and gatherers diversified the communities, and developed in the Amazon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He instructed the Guard of Honor to remove their symbolic blue and white armbands, which represented their homage to the motherland, and said,
"Hail to the independence, to freedom and to separation of Brazil. For my blood, my honor, my God, I swear to give Brazil freedom, independence
or death ("Brazil")." September 22, 1822 marks the official breaking of ties from Portugal and on 12 October 1822, Prince Dom Pedro formally
acclaimed the Constitutional Emperor and Perpetual Defender of Brazil. There is not always a smooth transition from monarchy to democracy and
Brazil proved that true. After gaining independence in 1822, Brazil opted for a constitutional monarchy as opposed to other forms of government its
neighbors used at that time. They adopted a two party system based on the British model; liberal and conservative parties that consist of frequent
cabinet turnovers. This allowed the emperor to appoint governors under moderated power under the constitution established in 1824. Up until the
1880's, Brazils political stability was unwavering until the system faulted under military demands and the pressure to free the slaves. From 1889–1930,
Brazil operated under the Old Republic and is loosely based on the United States constitution.
This particular political system focused on economic power by large landowners in rural areas. Chosen through direct elections are the president,
National Congress, state governors, and local

The Ancient Empires Are The Maya, Aztec And Inca
The three ancient empires are the Maya, Aztec and Inca. Indigenous had no resistance to smallpox and measles. Mulattos have mixed African and
Iberian ancestry. Mestizos are people with mixed ancestry, specifically Amerindian and Spanish ancestry. Indigenous traditions, European
–derived
music, and African–inspired musical activity make up the music of Central America, South America, and Mexico. African influence is evident in
African secular and religious practices, in instruments modeled after African instruments, and in the use of musical traits associated with Africa's ethnic
groups. Amazonian tribes can differ in their language, dress, belief system, and kinship practices. The KayapГі–Xikrin are from the rainforests of
Brazil. Men and women usually sing separately. Vocal pulsation is a slight periodic volume amplification. Takak
–nhiok is a KayapГі–Xikrin naming
ritual that occurs in five stages over five years. In each stage, the initiates gain new knowledge about practices and activities in their community. The
two official languages of Peru are Spanish and Quechua. The Inca Empire reached its peak in the last decades of the 1400s. The two centers of power
are located in Cusco and Machu Picchu. In 1572, Spanish conquistadors beheaded the last Inca emperor, TГєpac Amaru. Roman Catholicism is the
most prominent religion in Peru. Common among Andean and Peruvian indigenous populations, the siku is a panpipe made of cylindrical reeds of
different lengths tied together.

Japanese Immigrants During The 19th Century
In the early 19th century, there was an increase of Japanese immigrating across the states. The first wave of Japanese immigrant settled in Kingdom of
Hawaii where they were hired as contract laborers and worked in plantations. The second wave of immigrant came to California in the1890s.
According to Kitano, the census identified more than 110,000 Japanese on the West Coast by 1920. To elaborate, the Japanese immigrants came as
single males, and employment for them consisted of physical difficult labor, long hours of work with bad conditions, and low–paying jobs. The
generations of the Japanese were categorized to research their historical background. Furthermore, the first–generation immigrant were identified as the
Issei, and were those... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some Issei returned to Japan as successful men, and those who stayed in the United States typically married "picture brides". The marriages and
children made the Japanese remain permanently in the United States. Kitano stated, "The Issei lived their lives segregated from the U.S. mainstream,
and their major interactions revolved around their families and their community. Most of them acquired just enough knowledge about the United States
in order to function but left the major of acculturation and a more secure existence to their American–born children". Moreover, the Nisei were born
between 1910 and 1940, and were more acculturated to the United States in comparison to the Issei. The Nisei were concerned and had low
expectations of their future because they experienced discrimination and prejudice. It was difficult for the Nisei to live in the U.S. because they were
treated inferior although they were U.S. citizens. The Nisei had a strong relationship with the U.S. and moved away from the Issei to assimilate to the
American lifestyle. The Sansei were born during or after World War II. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, many Americans became suspicious of the
Japanese and feared another attack. Prejudice influenced Americans to stereotype the Japanese in negative ways, which lead for U.S. laws to
discriminate and segregate the Japanese. As a result, on December 7, 1941, the FBI searched and arrested "spies", including 2,192 Japanese

Celta
Assignment 2 – Focus on the learner LEARNER'S PROFILE Sonia Meirelles is a 27–year old Brazilian student, in the Intermediate English class, who
has been studying English for 13 months (since August, 2011). Sonia has a degree in Biology and used to work as a biology teacher in a regular
school, however she is currently unemployed. She then decided to start taking English lessons, so she could have more chances when trying to find a
job. She enjoys the English classes as she believes it is not only about learning a language but also about learning a different culture. After observing the
student and applying questionnaires, I could determine Sonia has high visual and interpersonal intelligence. During classes, Sonia... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Whenever she receives an email from any of the teachers she usually replies it and asks questions related to what she could not understand (e.g.:
Teacher, what does Rgds mean?) Although she is very motivated, during the lessons she prefers to be nominated for activities. Whenever talking to the
teacher, she often asks for feedback and after making a mistake, she tries to say it again until she feels she understood it. Specific assessment of
learner's language – Strengths, weaknesses and Analysis of Students errors Grammar: Sonia is very confident when using both present simple (using
the auxiliary verb DO in interrogative sentences and DON'T in negative sentences, placing adverbs and conjugating the verbs with He, she and It
correctly) and past simple tenses (using the auxiliary verb DID in interrogative sentences and DIDN't in negative sentences –and the verbs in the base
form – and being aware of regular and irregular verbs). e.g.: When do you have holidays? What does regard mean? I usually go to the beach.
Jennifer... when she has holidays, she usually visits her parents. However, she still omitts articles in her speech (e.g: I don't have boss. / I'm
Biologist), and uses " have" instead of "There is" (e.g.: Have a Science Museum in the city.) , both mistakes are made due to L1 interference. In
Portuguese, as in the

Pros And Cons Of Independence Movements
Independence movements have occurred across the globe as long as countries have existed. Stronger and more developed countries frequently attempt
to grow their empires through means of colonization or imperialism which leave long–lasting effects on nations and generations to come. The two
nations that I have chosen to compare and contrast with regards to independence movements are Morocco and Brazil. Each country experienced pros
and cons during the time they were under the control of different nations and each was able to establish independence after growing pains and
frustrations occurred.
Analysis
Although both countries, Morocco and Brazil, were products of European imperialism, they each encountered very different experiences. Morocco
was a French protectorate between the years of 1912 and 1955. When nearby countries experienced economic weakness and crises, they succumbed
to rule by the British, Turkish or French. Morocco was able to avoid exterior control until rivalries between European nations started increasing until
inevitably, France stepped in. Morocco had previously been independent for over 1,000 years and had openly accepted influences from Muslin Iberia
as well as the Ottoman Empire. France had expressed interest in Morocco as early as 1830 as the country was deemed advantageous geographically, and
Portugal was gaining protectorates and control of the Atlantic coast of Africa.
Morocco opposed French rule and frustrations stemmed from the start even though

Brazilian Culture : Brazil And Brazil
Brazil Brazil is an up and coming BRIC country located in South America. Portuguese is the "official and most widely spoken language" within the
borders of Brazil. In 2014, Brazil had the population of 206,077,898 (Brazil: Intro, n.d.) individuals. Over half of Brazil's ethnicity is white
individuals, while approximately a third of the country is a mixed white and black. A small portion of the region is black. Furthermore, less than ten
percent of the country is remaining ethnicities, and the remainder is unspecified per the 2000 census (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Brazil carries a narrow
margin of different religious backgrounds within its population. At 64.6%, over half of Brazil's population is Roman Catholic with 0.4% being "other
catholic" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). However, Protestants make up 22.2%, while 0.7% remains "other Christians" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). 2.2% of the population
belongs to the label "Spiritist" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.), while 1.4% categorizes the group labeled "other" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Eight percent of the
population in Brazil claims no religious affiliation while the remaining 0.4% claims an unspecified status (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). President Dilma Rousseff
is the head and chief of state running the Federal Republic government style of Brazil (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). A two round voting system, held every four
years, by an election of the Brazilian citizens determines the "commander–in–chief" (Brazil: Intro, n.d.). Brazil adopting its seventh

Brazil Research Paper
Carnival:
Carnival is one of the most celebrated celebrations that in Brazil. This day is very important because its a day of freedom where people from all
over brazil don't work for a week and just party and enjoy the company of friends and family. Carnival begins forty days before easter and lasts four
days and four nights. It starts on Saturday and ends on Thursday. People dress in costumes and roam the streets in happiness and there is very often
parades. The bigger the city the bigger the parade. It is celebrated a lot less in the south than the north west but it is still celebrated throughout brazil
where people just relax. The only thing that they caution is taking the negative occurrences of Carnival and to look at the good and wonderful ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To start out with, they get up a lot earlier than students from the USA and return home around 12:00. After lunch he does homework and then goes to
hang out with friends. It is also different by the fact that instead of the students going to different classrooms the teachers rotate and the students stay
seated. the only thing he thought was bad was there is a lack of school sports, school clubs, and school organizations like the ASB we have here at
North Eugene. According to Iago Brazil is a bit harder to stand out in. Unlike In the US when there's so much opportunity to be

Essay On European Imperialism In Brazil
After conquering Brazil, the Portuguese did not know what to do. They were good at conquering, but unlike Spain, they had no intention of
colonization. This act made Brazil akin to a broken land, with no governmental power67.
Even though they only stayed in Brazil for ten days, Cabral and his men, along with Da Gama later, made significant changes (most were not good) to
the native life. The people of Brazil did not need the European intervention. It is a literal truth that the Europeans did nothing but hurt to the economy
and stability of Brazil. The Europeans did not come to teach the Brazilians. The first Portuguese explorer to meet the indigenous people was Cabral,
and he came by accident. He soon realized the riches of the area and greedily mined the Amazon forest for all it's worth. The Portuguese took slaves
of Brazil back to Europe, further destabilizing the economy and bringing an evil iron hold for Portugal. The lack of people in Brazil and the "new"
infrastructure was very puzzling for the Brazilians. They did not need change, and their economy was more productive before the Portuguese then after.
The Brazilian civilization did not and could not recover from the Portuguese invasion. Today, Brazil is riddled with crime and slavery. Brazil's
indigenous peoples have been dying since the European invasion and colonization. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This action broke apart the rule of the natives, and, like Brazil, the Portuguese left Greenland as a broken land until much later.74 The natives held
public riots and revolts against the Portuguese to stop slavery and to give independence, to drive the "white invaders" away. These natives were very
territorial, who did not want the Portuguese to rule them over in their own country, just like the Brazilians and Indians. They put up a fight, but
ultimately their numbers dwindled even

A Maize Civilization : A Corn Civilization
A maize civilization Until the 19th century, the culinary tradition of the Brazilian Southeast was mostly influenced by the Portuguese cuisine and the
food habits of the various Brazilian indigenous peoples and of the numerous African nations that were forcibly brought here by the slavery. After the
arrive, in large numbers, of immigrants of many nationalities – such as Japanese, Lebanese, Italians, Spaniards and Germans there is a sudden and
considerable increase in Brazilian gastronomic heterogeneity, especially in the city of SГЈo Paulo, at a reduced period of time. This modernization
process, induced by the populational and geographical growth of the city of SГЈo Paulo, led to persecuting of some food habits, such as the
commercialization of food in the streets and even to the traditional menu of this type of commerce, which was heavily based on the corn, called
'iguarias do bugre'[i]. This cuisine was strongly influenced by the indigenous culinary culture, offering delicacies such as iГ§ГЎs (a type of ant that
would be fried and eaten with farofa, that is the cassava flour or the corn flour boiled or roasted), roasted pinhГЈo (the seed of the Pinheiro–brasileiro),
corn cakes, cuscuz (a type of couscous) and others.[ii] Studying the SГЈo Paulo society of the Colonial period, SГ©rgio Buarque de Holanda devoted a
chapter, 'CivilizaГ§ГЈo do Milho', to the role of the corn at the Brazilian food culture during this period; and another chapter to the 'iguarias de bugre',
ie the use

Essay About Samba
SYAMIM BIN SAWALLUDIN
GROUP 3A
WORLD MUSIC ASSIGMENT
( FUNCTION OF MUSIC ) SAMBA Samba is the one of most popular and dance music from the Brazil. Back to the future, samba dance originaly was
from Africa and brought to the country by members samba from Africa. After being brought into thebrazil, Samba dance was popular and also become
a folk song. Brazil's largest cities are mostly found along the coastline and include Rio de Janiero,Sau Paulo and Salvador. The country was
colonized by the Portuguese, who began arriving in the region around 1500. Since 1935, Samba dance will be performed for any Brazil carnaval for
the example 'Carnaval Rio de Janiero'. At Rio carnaval was a big carnaval in the world and performed every year.The driving samba beat conjures up
images of revelers parading through the streets of Rio de Janeiro in frenetic celebration. That shows many supporters and tourism were like to know
about Samba. In addition,they are also not only to perform but they also want to convey a massage in their performance, so that it can open the minds
of people that the Samba this os one of the great folk music. Samba is strongly Afro–Brazillian, meaning that its musical characteristics are primarily
drawn fr.om African ingredients but have a unique Brizilian flavour. Samba music makes you move from the bottom of your feet to the top of your
head. Although, Samba is origin Africa its better known as a symbol of country of Brazil and has been recognized by UNESCO as a cultural heritage
of Brazil. Samba de Roda from Bahia, which is a world ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Rebana is measures 40 cm wide and 20 cm in height. The power of sound waves hit the Rebana influenced the dance. To make the sound is very
louded they were more vigorous blow dancers performed dances. That is the membranaphone

Essay on Informative Speech About Brazil
Name: Suleima Guzman
Topic: Brazil
I. Introduction
A. Attention getter: Imagine yourself on a white sandy beach far away from all the books and term projects due this week or the next. Away from
the crowded elevators, busy streets and crowded train rides. Now imagine yourself surrounded by thousands of people screaming and shouting out of
joy, watching colorful floats pass you by. You find yourself moving along with the music playing and just can't help yourself. This is just something
you would probably experience if you were to spend a night in Brazil.
B. Thesis: Brazil is a country known for its vibrant, colorful and lively culture. It has a lot to offer, from its great one of a kind vacation spots to the
captivating sound of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also the only country in South America to speak Portuguese.
Transition: Next we have the important and memorable features of Brazil.
III. Main Point #2 Topic Sentence: TheAmazon River and the statue of "Christ the Redeemer" are just a few of Brazil's landmarks. A: The most
notable of Rio's monuments is the statue of Christ the Redeemer. The statue is of Christ with his arms out at the top of the Corcovado Mountain.
Standing 125 ft. tall at the peak of this mountain since 1931, it is considered to be Brazil's national symbol.
B: The Amazon River is another national landmark for Brazil. It is the second largest river in the world. It is habitat to rare mammals such as the
boto, also known as the Amazon River Dolphin. The Characin, similar to piranhas. And in some shallow parts of the Amazon the Anaconda, one of the
world's largest species of snakes.
C:One of Brazil's most beautiful beach is the Brava Beach. It is located on north side of the island of Santa Catarina, in FlorianГіpolis, the capital of
the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. It offers beautiful crystal clear water, natural beauty and great waves for many surfers and bodyboarding tourist
and locals.
Transition: Finally we have culture.
IV. Main Point #3 Topic Sentence: The culture of the people can be determined by their everyday hobbies, to what they listen to and eat.
A: Compared to the majority of the other South American countries the national sport of Brazil is soccer. Brazil

DellвЂ™s Dilemma in Brazil: Negotiating at the State Level
Dell's Dilemma in Brazil: Negotiating at the State Level
Wednesday, October 3, 2012
Introduction Keith Maxwell is the Vice President in charge of Worldwide Operations, for Dell Computer Corporation. Dell Computer's was founded
in 1984 by Michael Dell in his University of Texas dorm room, and by 1999 the company grew to market over $98Billion. Dell was the second
growing largest personal computer manufacturers, just behind Compaq in the growing PC industry. Dell ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pros * 70% reduction for 10 years on our loan * Free Land for Plant site * Loan of R$20 million for 4 year grace period * Repayment plan of 4 years *
Attracting more technological schools * Helping rebuild the communications sector around our facilities * Having to Market ourselves even more
seeing as we would likely be more in a mining or automobile industry (mind you that could work in both ways) (6)
Cons * Having to build all the infrastructures around our facilities, roads, housing, schools est. * Having to bring in our work force. * Short supply of
technologically advanced employees. * Having to persuade our government colleagues that they need to sufficiently support our commitment to our
high–technological needs * Having to Market ourselves even more seeing as we would likely be more in a mining or automobile industry (mind you
that could work in both ways) (7)
Alternative #3
Dell could stay put and try to negotiate with the new governor.
PROS * It would look good for Dells image to give computers to the poor to keep up on current events; as well, their children can learn off it. * Rio
Grande do Sul is still Dell's first choice * Rio Grande do Sul has a number of well–regarded

Farming the Home Place, by Valerie J. Matsumoto
Farming the Home Place: A Japanese American community in California 1919–1982 by Valerie J. Matsumoto presents a close and in–depth study of
social and culture history of Cortez, a small agricultural settlement located in San Joaquin valley in California. Divided into six chapter, the book is
based primarily on the oral interviews responses from eighty three members of Issei, Nisei, and Sansei generations. However, many information are
also obtained from the local newspapers, community records, and World War II concentration camp publications.
After the end of World War I in 1919, a group of thirty Japanese settled in San Joaquin Valley, California making their ethnic community in Cortez.
Despite the Alien Land Law of 1913, which ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, with the passage of time, the generation shift occurred with the Sansei, the female family members were given opportunity to take over the
family farm if they choose to do so.
One of the notable aspects of Matsumoto's history of Cortez is a sentimental relationship that she has established with her subjects in the course of her
studies. On the first page, she has named and thanked almost a hundred members of this community, for contributing their time in sharing memories,
personal experiences, institutional records, and their warm hospitality. Hospitality of the Cortez community members also shines in Appendix C where
she mentioned twenty–four recipes that she got from Japanese women. These recipes ranged from traditional Japanese foods to more conventional
zucchini bread to some cross–cultural cuisines like Jell–O mocha.
The transfer of culture from one generation to another becomes practically difficult when the culture that one brings from his/her homeland becomes
seemingly inappropriate in the new home. This was true for Japanese Immigrants also. As the Issei grew older, much of the culture that they brought
with them from Japan died. With the passage of time, values changed as generational succession took place. As a result of new attitude the new
generations found an easy way towards assimilation and acculturation. Expectations that the oldest son would be in charge of the farm and take care of
elders, that

Popular Musical Development And Societal Development
The Start of Tropicalismo
Popular musical development and societal development are usually parallel with one another. Artists and musicians can change a society and have an
enormous impact on how a country runs itself. A good example of how a country can be influenced by new, innovative music would be the
Tropicalismo movement. Caetano Velosois a Brazilian musician that started the Tropicalia movement and created music that combined many elements
of different music together, and Veloso did this with other tropicalists. The background of Caetano Veloso, the two songs Caetano Veloso produced,
information about Tropicalia, and the background of Brazil can help us comprehend how music has a great impact and influence on society. Tropicalia
is more than just a music genre produced in the late 1960s, but a social–political movement that radically changed the way Brazilians saw
contemporary Brazilian music.
Caetano Veloso's start as a Brazilian musician was back in 1942 when Veloso finished school in Santa Amaro, and he moved to Salvador where he
learned how to play the guitar and sing. (Veloso, Caetano) Veloso would spend his time at bars with his sister and perform music for people's
entertainment. Veloso met Gal Costa,Gilberto Gil, and Tom ZГ© in 1963 where they started musical shows as a group. (Veloso, Caetano) One of the
musical shows that they started was Vila Velha theatre with Veloso directing the theatre. In 1965, Veloso left Federal University of
Bahia to go to Rio de

Portuguese Independence : The Fall Of The Brazilian...
When Dom Pedro declared Brazilian independence on September 7, 1822, the nationalist sentiments that lead to the proclamation had formed long ago.
However, with nationalistic feelings alone, it is unlikely that Brazil would have been able to overthrow the Portuguese. Brazilian independence instead
needed the benefits of housing the Portuguese royal family after Portugal was invaded by Napoleon. Without French nationalism and expansion,
Brazilian independence would have unlikely occurred in the nineteenth century. Brazil was officially discovered in April of 1500 by Pedro ГЃlvares
Cabral, a Portuguese navigator and nobleman. The Portuguese differed from the Spanish however as they did not have a plan for New World
colonization. For this reason, the Portuguese leaders had trouble settling their new lands due to a lack of interest from potential settlers. The
citizens of Portugal regarded this new land as barren; the wealth of gold and silver in the area would not be discovered for another 200 years. In
order to help remedy this problem, the Portuguese government separated the land of Brazil into 15 different hereditary captaincies in which
Portuguese 'donataries' would introduce sugarcane to the region in order to make a profit. The system was a failure for all but two captaincies
who flourished on sugarcane plantations. In 1548, Portugal established a centralized government in Brazil to manage the large territory and wrote
a Colonial Pact forcing Brazil to trade only with Portugal and a few other allies. In defiance, Brazil began to refer to the leaders of its government,
who were officially called general governors, as vice kings. It was the discovery of gold mines that brought Brazilian nationalism to the forefront of
the citizens' minds. When gold was discovered in 1697, sugarcane value had plummeted because of Dutch competition in Central America, and cities
in Brazil began to lose money due to the heavy Portuguese taxes. The Portuguese government was disappointed with the returns from sugar cane
trade and took direct control of gold mines in the central area of the Minas Gerais area against the will of the Brazilian people. JosГ© Joaquim da
Silva Xavier was one of these people who was

Nisei Daughter by Monica Sone Essay
Nisei Daughter, by Monica Sone
'Even with all the mental anguish and struggle, an elemental instinct bound us to this soil. Here we were born; here we wanted to live. We had tasted
of its freedom and learned of its brave hopes for democracy. It was too late, much too late for us to turn back.' (Sone 124). This statement is key to
understanding much of the novel, Nisei Daughter, written by Monica Sone. From one perspective, this novel is an autobiographical account of a
Japanese American girl and the ways in which she constructed her own self–identity. On the other hand, the novel depicts the distinct differences and
tension that formed between the Issei and Nisei generations. Moreover, it can be seen as an attempt to describe the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Throughout her novel, Monica describes events and experiences, which reveal her character and personality. However, if perceived solely as an
autobiography, the major theme of this novel is overlooked.
I think Monica Sone focuses on, and clearly shows, the tension that arose in the Japanese American community because they felt torn between two
distinct cultures and amongst themselves. There was also much confusion in this pre–World War II and during WWII era concerning the place of
Japanese Americans in the United States. The Issei, or first generation of immigrants from Japan, were generally highly organized in their communities.
They tended to stay in close connection with traditional Japanese culture. The Issei spoke their native language, practiced traditional Japanese customs,
and formed church groups, and other social communities amongst themselves. Similarly, the Nisei, or second generation Japanese American, were also
highly organized and formed strong ties amongst themselves separate from the Issei. The Nisei attended Japanese schools, which enhanced their use of
the Japanese language, but more importantly, created a social network of peers. They participated in church programs, and sports teams together. One
main difference between the Issei and Nisei was that the Nisei were considered Americans. They were born here and they held complete citizenship.
This was not true for the Issei. Another factor that separated the

Italian American Culture
With Italians traveling to America to find a new world to explore and evolve in, they found some interesting changes, and stereotypes that ended up
transforming how they acted and dealt with Americans. Italian American culture was a transition of hardships, to learning that the American standard
was not as strict as it was in Italy. "Most of the men in our room worked at digging the sewer. Bartolo got them the work and they paid him one
quarter of their wages. Then he charged them for board... (36 Black Boot Barn). This quote demonstrates to us, that people took advantage of the
newer Italian immigrants setting them not only a job, but shelter as well. While they were trying to find a step to settle on, they had people who
have been residents for a while use these people, until they stood up and became more independent. There are examples of when something good
was taught to Italians, and they realized that America was not as uptight in accepting abuse. In Rosa's journey of working in America she broke a
lamp and started breaking down in tears, but then a lady said, "But Rosa," they said, "you did a good thing! That lamp was terrible! Somebody gave
it to us so we had to keep it" (Rosa 221). This demonstrates that, sometimes, breaking something or messing up was alright, because it was a natural
error that was accepted instead of a death penalty. In the school system, stereotypes took a role in younger Italian children and what they were good at.
The main character in Mount

Linguistic imperialism in Brazil Essays
Linguistic imperialism is a concept used by scholar Robert Phillipson, he mostly spoke about the imperialism of the English language, although this
concept can be applied to all the world's major international languages with imperialistic origins, when the original population had to adopt the
invader's language because of the benefits that accrue to the speakers of the languages when the dominant language has been imposed (Phillipson 31).
Linguistic imperialism in Latin America started with the 'discovery' and the occupation of the New World by the European powers. Spanish and
Portuguese language were imposed on the local populations and therefore many indigenous languages vanished. This essay will especially focus on
Brazil and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Therefore, the preservation and propagation of Portuguese as a national language was and still is a matter of national security (Rajagopalan 2008:
179). From the colonial period until today the political dimension of language and linguistic dimension of politics are both related to the notion of
power. Language is concerned with power politics or machtspolitik (Rajagopalan 2008: 180). According to Joseph 'language is political from top to
bottom' (Joseph xi).
During the colonial period, from 1500 till 1822, the Portuguese did not promoted their own language in Brazil, in contrast to the French and British
colonisers. The French were single minded in the prosecution of their language and they were consicious of a 'civilizing mission' (Phillipson 111).
Whereas the Portuguese main goals were not related to missionary or civilizing mission, they were primarily interested in wealth and resources. At first
they were not planning to actually live in Brazil, therefore language policy was not their first concern. However this changed and more white,
Portuguese men settled down in Brazil and due to the lack of European women, married the local women. In present Brazil 38.5% of the population is
mulatto (CIA World Factbook), which is a mixture of black and white, as a result of these mixed marriages. The new 'mulatto' generation mainly
learned to speak the language of the TupinambГЎ tribe, who were living along the Atlantic Coast

Cultural Analysis Brazil
| 2015| | |
[Cultural Analysis – brazil]| MKT 6003 RESEARCH PAPER|
Abstract
I currently lead a team called Pontonet as part of my responsibilities as Sr. Strategic Customer Manager who is based in Brazil. When I began my job
in August I was quickly introduced and held meetings with my manager and a co–worker. I noticed very quickly that our abrasive American ways of
communicating was not effective by listening in on conference calls with the three of us. I noticed as well that there was a seemingly deep sense that
creating a more relation type of Management/Vendor management style was would make for a clearer and cleaner method than the alternative. I
learned in haste that my report Jurandir at Pontonet began to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Religion in Brazil Although there are other religions reported in the country, Brazil is primarily known and identified with being Roman–Catholic. The
distinction being that Brazil is, with over two–thirds identifying themselves as such, considered the country with the highest number of Catholics in the
world. Racial Tensions and Equality In the United States there has of late been a higher sensitivity to African–Americans and their plight for social
justice. Movements such as "Black Lives Matter" underscore the prevailing opinion that there still are inequalities as it pertains to the criminal justice
system as well as socio–economic discriminations that many in America find unjust and deplorable. These injustices however pale in comparison to
those that have occurred in Brazil even within the last ten years to Blacks in Brazil. When 19 Afro–Latinos were murdered in a police operation in the
massacre of 2007 in the Comlexo do AlemГЈo the riots that took place were no less than catastrophic. The riots in Watts in the 60's as well as the
Rodney King riots of the 90's together brought less damage, death and destruction. The country still is reeling from the effects and the negative
opinion of Blacks in the country Gender roles in Brazil Brazil has long been known as a hyper–sexual society. With its historically topless beaches,
nude dancing,

Femininity In Brazil
Brazil is a large country: not only does its population of 205,823, 655 (Central Intelligence Agency) make it the fifth most populous country worldwide
("Countries"), but it is also vast with regards to its cultural diversity. Three centuries under Portuguese colonialism and historic waves of immigration
have contributed to Brazil's overall culture demonstrating what it means to be a cultural melting pot. As Brazilian society draws from multiple cultures,
it will be particularly important to understand the interaction of these cultures in creating intercultural barriers, and how to utilize conflict strategies to
overcome them when proposing a student exchange program to Brazilian dignitaries.
With a low individualism score of 38 out of 100 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In other words, Devito notes that high–context cultures interpret messages in the "context or in the person" with whom they are communicating with,
rather than the verbal message that is explicitly shared (p. 38). Having said that, Devito states that they also place greater emphasis on face–saving.
Should such any misunderstanding arise, it will be vital to avoid attacking someone's positive and negative face, especially in public (p. 38). Doing so
will only decrease credibility and the potential of the student exchange program's success, as collectivist cultures will feel mutually

Why Did Portugal Gain The Independence Of Brazil
In September of 1822, Brazil broke away from Portugal and became its own nation. Although this was difficult for Brazil gain independence which led
to revolts and deaths of thousands. Brazil has proven that it is a strong and independent nation, which we must not overlook. Firstly, in the eyes of
Portugal Brazil had little to no importance. Portugal was mostly focused on the slave trade from Africa to India. In the middle of the 16th century,
France threatened to overtake Brazil from Portugal, which made Portugal start to focus on populating and defending Brazil. Brazil had little exporting
so in order for Portugal to gain any profit from Brazil, Portugal became very strict on Brazil and would not allow them to print press under their rule.
In addition, Brazil was forbidden to trade with any other country besides the motherland. This insured that all profit ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Dom Pedro I was the emperor of Brazil at this is time. Sadly, he was ordered to return to Portugal and any courts he made while in power were taken
away from the people of Brazil. This had enraged Brazilians and caused them to revolt against Cortes; Brazilians formed two groups to take action the
Bonificans whom were led by led by BonifГЎcio de Andrade, and the Liberals who were led by Joaquim GonГ§alves Ledo and supported by
Freemasons. However, these two groups had very different ideas on how Brazil should function as a nation but they both agreed they wanted to stay
united with Portugal as a monarchy. During this time Dom Pedro started to trust Brazil more than his homeland, he soon left Portugal and declared his
alliance to Brazil "allegedly proclaiming "Independence or Death!"" (Colin M. Snider). Hearing about the declaration, Portugal made no resistance.
Making Brazil the only Latin American country to have peacefully gained independence, and to have kept the monarchy status meanwhile other Latin
American countries

Knowledge In The Alchemist
The Alchemist takes after the adventure of an Andalusian shepherd boy named Santiago.
Trusting a repeating dream to be prophetic, he chooses to go to a Romani fortune teller in
an adjacent town to find its significance. The lady deciphers the fantasy as a prophecy
telling the boy that there is a fortune in the pyramids in Egypt. Early into his journey, he
meets an old King, whose name was Melchizedek, who instructs him to offer his sheep to
go to Egypt and presents the possibility of a Personal Legend. Your Personal Legend "is
the thing that you have for the longest time been itching to fulfill. Everybody, when they
are youthful, realizes what their Personal Legend is." He adds that "when you want
something, all the universe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One reason is that
his books have no perceptible hint of "brazilianness." The tall tale nature of his
stories, particularly The Alchemist, makes it clear that chronicled precision is not the
purpose of the story. For Coelho's situation the contentions against him are of an alternate sort. To begin with,
there is the dissension that his Portuguese is, truth be told, not great. What is intriguing is

that the greater part of his linguistic stumbles are omitted in interpretation. In this way, one just sees
them in the event that one peruses Portuguese, something that exclusive a little part of his readership does.
Truth be told, these wrongdoings against linguistic use do nothing to such an extent as give a gentle casual quality
to the dialect, and don't diminish at all from the charm and conceivability of
the content. The protestation is more political than whatever else, since Brazilian Portuguese, a
dialect which still recognizes forcefully amongst composed and talked dialect, has too
been interested in the incorporation of conversational discourse in writing. The issue is political
since it is comprehended that these incorporations were finished by individuals from the intellectual

Why Do You Want To Participate In The Ironbound Initiative...
I am currently a member and the treasurer for the Ironbound Initiative. I am also involved with the Patient Partnership program as a First–Year
representative and am the director for the Mini–Med Program at NJMS. In addition, I am a member of the All E.A.R.S Program at NJMS and I sing in
the Vocal Chords Acapella Group.
2.Why do you want to participate in this global health trip? What are your goals, both personally and for the two–week trip as well as after the trip?
Through my participation in the Ironbound Initiative I have come to recognize the significant health disparities and lack of access to care in the
Portuguese and Brazilian communities in New Jersey. Therefore, I hope that through this trip I will gain experiences and... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
What do you think will be your greatest challenge?
On this trip, I anticipate communicating with people of a different culture may be a challenge. Although I do not speak Brazilian Portuguese, I know
that we will have a bilingual interpreter with us as well as NJMS students who speak both languages and thus, I know that the language barrier will not
be a big challenge. More than the language, I want to be contentious on this trip regarding acknowledging my privileges and that I need to understand
the Brazilian approach to medicine in the context of their culture as well as the resources available to them. Furthermore, I understand that I have
limited knowledge and skills as a first–year medical student and so can only provide basic medical services at this time. Therefore, I am most
apprehensive about effectively understanding and communicating with the Brazilian community and recognizing that currently I am only able to
provide a limited amount of aid to these communities.
4.How do you plan on financially supporting this endeavor? (Are you willing to fundraise as a team, as well as apply to the available scholarships?)
I fully intend to apply to any available scholarships in order to fund this trip. I am also looking forward to working with other students going on this
trip in order to organize fundraisers such as bake sales and raffles. I also intend to start a GoFundMe page as well as seek out local businesses for
sponsorship. Finally,

Religion in Brazil
Brazil, or officially the Federative Republic of Brazil is the largest country in both South America and the Latin America region. It is the world's fifth
largest country, both bygeographical area and by population over 190 million people It is the largest Lusophone, or portugese–speaking, country in the
world, and the only one in the Americas.
Religion plays a major role in the lives of most of the people in this largest South American county.
Here are some interesting Brazil facts: Around ninety percent of this population identifies with some sort of religion, making it more religiously
inclined than any other South American country. Only around 1% of its population do not believe in a God, or a supreme being in some form or... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When African slaves began to be imported into Brazil, they brought with them their religious practices, many of which involved invoking the gods
through chants or dances. Over time, these Afro Brazilian religious practices began mingling with Catholic and Protestant influences to create synthetic
religions. Some of the more popular exponents include Candomble, which has a huge following in urban centers like Rio de Janeiro, and Umbanda.
Spiritism is also one of the significant, although minor, religions in Brazil. Spiritistic practices are based largely on ancient Amerindian cultures as well
as the influence of the African cultures and customs that were introduced centuries ago, when slaves were brought over to Brazil from the 'Dark
Continent' of Africa. Such tribes and cultures were particularly inclined towards the worship of spirits since they had not been influenced by more
structured notions of creation, which hailed from a reliance on the teachings of Bible.
The religions or belief systems found in Brazil other than the ones above include: * Muslims * Methodists * Episcopalians * Buddhists * Ayahuasca *
Afro–Brazilian religions – Xango, Batuque, Umbanda, Tambor de Mina * Hinduism * Islamists * Shinto believers * Judaists * Rastafarian * Brazil
Religion Makes the

Brazil And Its Impact On America
Brazil is located in Eastern South America and borders the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil is very comparable to the USA, being only slightly smaller in size.
The economy is well–developed in agriculture, mining, manufacturing, and service sectors, and it has an expanding middle class. Brazil was under
Portuguese rule until it gained independence in 1822 and maintained a monarchical system of government until the abolition of slavery in 1888.
The African Diaspora is based upon a globalized notion of blackness and is a community and identity for those who identify as black and see
relation between themselves and others in the Black Diaspora. Brazil ties into the African Diaspora because millions of enslaved Africans were
dispersed in Brazil. Brazil was the center of the European slave trade before it gained independence in 1822. Rio de Janeiro and Bahia had more slaving
voyages than any other port in all of Europe. Brazil was consistently the largest home for slaves between North America and South America. Instead of
encouraging natural reproduction to increase the slave population in Brazil, masters choose to work their slaves to death and buy a new replacement
because they were cheap. Four–and–a–half million enslaved Africans were taken to Brazil and even today, just 125 years after slavery was abolished,
Brazil is still struggling with a form of control – sex trafficking.
The African Diaspora has created a large culture of African–Brazilians in Brazil. Many Africans did not

How Did Pele Change The World
The Myth, The Legend, Pele! Edison Arantes do Nascimento, also known known as Pele in the soccer world, is one of the most talented and respected
soccer players in the world. I chose Pele because he is good at soccer and he is one of my favorite soccer players in the world. In this essay I will
explain how Pele shaped and changed the world of soccer. Pele was born in TrГЄs CoraГ§Гµes, Brazil (Bio.com). Pele grew up poor and lived in
poverty, but that didn't stop him from pursuing his dreams (Bio.com). Pele developed his kicking skills "by kicking a rolled up sock stuffed with
rags around the streets of Bauru"; he learned to kick a soccer ball without even having one (Bio.com). Pele took on many unusual jobs to help his
family earn a little bit more money (Bio.com). Later in life, Pele found him placed in the Bauru Athletic Club (Bio.com). He led the team with three
victories from 1954 to 1956 (Bio.com). Furthermore, he won many indoor soccer contests and championships (Bio.com). Which was a start to his
soccer career.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As Pele caught more people's attention due to the 1958 World Cup, he had become icon, a hero, and a legend to the world of the soccer (Pele). A
Brazilian journalist named Joan Luiz de Albuquerque said about Pele that, "He was the light at the end of the tunnel." This means he was the
"success" at the end. Furthermore, as the life of Pele kept continuing he had once stopped a war (Pele)! Pele's influence in soccer had stopped the
Nigeria's forty eight hour cease–fire in 1967(Pele)! Then in 1978 Pele was awarded with the International Peace Award for his work in the

How Literature Changed My Life
I was in the beginning of my senior year in high school when my life got so unexpectedly turned around I could barely find strength to pull myself
up again. I woke up that March 15th thinking it would be just another regular day, but that night, panic attacks wouldn't let me fall asleep. It
seemed like up until then my life had been an illusion, based on lies, and I was being woken up from the world of shadows only to see I was
actually in hell. Yet, on the outside, I resembled the exact same person I had been the day before. The next morning, in class, though my throat
was drowned in sobs and my hands were shaking from weakness, I managed to talk clearly and walk firm steps. I pretended to listen to people but
there was a voice screaming inside my head. I didn't discuss it with anyone, and I won't do it now, as I feel it is not my story to tell, but a few days
after learning about it, as nothing had apparently changed in what my life looked like from the outside, I began to doubt my own mind and
memory. Had I simply dreamt or imagined it? Could I possibly hope for it not be true? I saw my mom acting normal and moving on with life. I
would look at myself in the mirror and not be able to discern what was real and what wasn't. Around that time, I began reading what is perhaps the
most important work of literature from my region of Brazil, "Time and the Wind", or "O Tempo e o Vento", in Portuguese, byErico Verissimo. It tells
about the history of my home state, Rio Grande

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