The document provides an overview of the origins and key beliefs of Islam: 1) Islam was founded in the 7th century AD by the prophet Muhammad, who received revelations from God (Allah) and preached monotheism, social justice, and other reforms that threatened the power structures and polytheism of Mecca at the time. 2) The five pillars of Islam - the shahadah (declaration of faith), salat (daily prayers), zakat (charity), sawm (fasting during Ramadan), and hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) - outline the core religious duties of Muslims. 3) After Muhammad's death, a split emerged