- Islam is the second largest religion in the world founded by the prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He received revelations from God (Allah) via the angel Gabriel which were compiled into the Quran. - The five pillars of Islam are the basic duties for Muslims and include prayer, alms giving, fasting during Ramadan, profession of faith, and pilgrimage to Mecca. - Jihad has different interpretations but is commonly defined as struggle, and extremists interpret it as a call to wage war in the name of Islam, though Muhammad spoke of the greater jihad as being loyal to Allah.