Geotextiles play an important role in many civil engineering applications, especially marine works. This document discusses the technical specifications of geotextiles and their applications in marine works. It provides details on geotextile properties, required tests, functions and minimum requirements. Geotextiles are commonly used in breakwaters, revetments and shore protections to allow water to flow while retaining soil. They provide functions like filtration, separation, drainage, erosion control and reinforcement. The document discusses polymer properties, geotextile classifications, and typical geotextile uses in marine works. It aims to help engineers properly select geotextiles for their intended uses and purposes.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
CIVIL SEMINAR REPORT :USE OF GEOGRIDS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT. Geogrids can also prevent aggregate penetration into the subgrade, depending on the ability of the geogrid to confine and prevent lateral displacement of the base/sub-base. However, the geogrid does not prevent intrusion of subgrade soils up into the base/sub-base course,...
flexible pavement ppt
flexible pavement vs rigid pavement
rigid pavement
flexible pavement materials
flexible pavement design
flexible pavement of road construction
types of rigid pavements
flexible pavement construction
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics pdf
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
seminar topic for civil engineering pdf
AN EXPERMENTAL STUDY OF RECYCLED CONCRETE WITH POLYPORPYLENE FIBERAM Publications
Civil Engineering constructions have to use of recycled materials for permanent sustainable development of
country. For that reason in this paper represents the contribution of devoted strength of concrete made of recycled
aggregates with polypropylene fiber. Concrete mixes with 25%, 30% and 35% of recycled aggregates with additions of
polypropylene fiber 20 μ and 5 cm length of various percentages as 0%, 0.5% and 1% by the volume of cement on M20
grade of cement. As per Indian standards have tested compressive strengths and tensile strength at 1, 7 and 28 days. The
results are clearly indicated that 1% fiber with 25% recycled materials is producing high strength of concrete and in
addition of fiber to improve the elasticity and reduce shrinkage cracks.
This document summarizes a study on using finite element analysis to model coir geotextile reinforced flexible pavements. ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress-strain behavior of unreinforced and reinforced pavement sections under static wheel loads. Results showed that placing coir geotextiles at the interface between asphalt and base course layers significantly reduced lateral strains in the pavement layers. Reinforced sections also had reduced horizontal tensile strains. Fatigue life predictions found that coir geotextile reinforcement can extend the life of flexible pavements compared to unreinforced sections.
IRJET - Heave Reduction on Expansive Soil by using GeotextilesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on using geotextiles to reduce heaving in expansive soils. The study measured the upward movement of expansive bentonite soil reinforced with single and double layers of coir and jute geotextiles placed at depths of 0.1B and 0.3B below a footing. Placement of a single coir geotextile layer at 0.1B reduced heaving by 24%, while double coir geotextile layers at 0.1B and 0.3B reduced heaving by 73%. Previous studies on predicting and controlling heaving in expansive soils using techniques like micropiles and geosynthetics are also summarized. The results indicate geot
IRJET - Uses of Various Plastic Materials in Bitumious Concrete (Flexible Pav...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using various plastic materials in bituminous concrete or flexible pavement. Waste plastics like polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene are shredded and coated on aggregates which are then mixed with hot bitumen to create a mix used in pavement construction. This strengthens the pavement and increases durability while providing an eco-friendly and economical solution to plastic disposal. The paper reviews literature on previous studies of polymer-modified bitumen and use of waste plastics in roads. It also describes aggregate tests and a process using a central mixing plant to uniformly coat aggregates with plastic and bitumen.
The document summarizes a study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregates on the characteristic strength of different grades of concrete. Concrete cubes of grades M20 and M30 were cast with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates. Compressive strengths were tested at 7 and 28 days. For M20 concrete, 25% and 50% replacement produced similar or higher strength than 0% replacement concrete. However, strength decreased with replacements over 50%. M30 concrete showed greater strength reductions than M20 at all replacement levels. The study concluded recycled aggregates can be used to replace up to 50% of natural aggregates in concrete with minimal strength reductions.
IRJET - Durability of Potholes Filled with Waste MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using waste materials to fill potholes. It discusses how various waste materials like plastic, rubber, glass and construction debris can be used with binders to fill potholes in an affordable and environmentally friendly way. The document reviews several past studies that investigated the durability and performance of pothole patches made with different waste materials. It also outlines various pothole repair techniques and factors that influence patch longevity like material type, weather conditions, traffic levels and patch installation methods. The goal of the research is to promote the use of locally available waste materials for pothole repairs as a way to reduce costs and environmental impacts compared to conventional repair methods.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
CIVIL SEMINAR REPORT :USE OF GEOGRIDS IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT. Geogrids can also prevent aggregate penetration into the subgrade, depending on the ability of the geogrid to confine and prevent lateral displacement of the base/sub-base. However, the geogrid does not prevent intrusion of subgrade soils up into the base/sub-base course,...
flexible pavement ppt
flexible pavement vs rigid pavement
rigid pavement
flexible pavement materials
flexible pavement design
flexible pavement of road construction
types of rigid pavements
flexible pavement construction
interesting civil engineering topics
civil engineering topics for presentation
civil seminar topics ppt
civil engineering seminar topics 2018
best seminar topics for civil engineering
seminar topics pdf
seminar topics for mechanical engineers
seminar topic for civil engineering pdf
AN EXPERMENTAL STUDY OF RECYCLED CONCRETE WITH POLYPORPYLENE FIBERAM Publications
Civil Engineering constructions have to use of recycled materials for permanent sustainable development of
country. For that reason in this paper represents the contribution of devoted strength of concrete made of recycled
aggregates with polypropylene fiber. Concrete mixes with 25%, 30% and 35% of recycled aggregates with additions of
polypropylene fiber 20 μ and 5 cm length of various percentages as 0%, 0.5% and 1% by the volume of cement on M20
grade of cement. As per Indian standards have tested compressive strengths and tensile strength at 1, 7 and 28 days. The
results are clearly indicated that 1% fiber with 25% recycled materials is producing high strength of concrete and in
addition of fiber to improve the elasticity and reduce shrinkage cracks.
This document summarizes a study on using finite element analysis to model coir geotextile reinforced flexible pavements. ABAQUS software was used to analyze the stress-strain behavior of unreinforced and reinforced pavement sections under static wheel loads. Results showed that placing coir geotextiles at the interface between asphalt and base course layers significantly reduced lateral strains in the pavement layers. Reinforced sections also had reduced horizontal tensile strains. Fatigue life predictions found that coir geotextile reinforcement can extend the life of flexible pavements compared to unreinforced sections.
IRJET - Heave Reduction on Expansive Soil by using GeotextilesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on using geotextiles to reduce heaving in expansive soils. The study measured the upward movement of expansive bentonite soil reinforced with single and double layers of coir and jute geotextiles placed at depths of 0.1B and 0.3B below a footing. Placement of a single coir geotextile layer at 0.1B reduced heaving by 24%, while double coir geotextile layers at 0.1B and 0.3B reduced heaving by 73%. Previous studies on predicting and controlling heaving in expansive soils using techniques like micropiles and geosynthetics are also summarized. The results indicate geot
IRJET - Uses of Various Plastic Materials in Bitumious Concrete (Flexible Pav...IRJET Journal
The document discusses using various plastic materials in bituminous concrete or flexible pavement. Waste plastics like polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene are shredded and coated on aggregates which are then mixed with hot bitumen to create a mix used in pavement construction. This strengthens the pavement and increases durability while providing an eco-friendly and economical solution to plastic disposal. The paper reviews literature on previous studies of polymer-modified bitumen and use of waste plastics in roads. It also describes aggregate tests and a process using a central mixing plant to uniformly coat aggregates with plastic and bitumen.
The document summarizes a study on the effect of recycled coarse aggregates on the characteristic strength of different grades of concrete. Concrete cubes of grades M20 and M30 were cast with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% replacement of natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates. Compressive strengths were tested at 7 and 28 days. For M20 concrete, 25% and 50% replacement produced similar or higher strength than 0% replacement concrete. However, strength decreased with replacements over 50%. M30 concrete showed greater strength reductions than M20 at all replacement levels. The study concluded recycled aggregates can be used to replace up to 50% of natural aggregates in concrete with minimal strength reductions.
IRJET - Durability of Potholes Filled with Waste MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using waste materials to fill potholes. It discusses how various waste materials like plastic, rubber, glass and construction debris can be used with binders to fill potholes in an affordable and environmentally friendly way. The document reviews several past studies that investigated the durability and performance of pothole patches made with different waste materials. It also outlines various pothole repair techniques and factors that influence patch longevity like material type, weather conditions, traffic levels and patch installation methods. The goal of the research is to promote the use of locally available waste materials for pothole repairs as a way to reduce costs and environmental impacts compared to conventional repair methods.
Performance of lateritic concrete under environmental harsh conditioneSAT Journals
This document investigates the performance of lateritic concrete under different environmental conditions by varying the ratio of laterite to fine aggregate in concrete mixes. Cubes made with different ratios (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) were subjected to high temperatures, wetting and drying cycles, and chemical exposure. The results showed that compressive strength generally decreased with increased laterite ratio under wetting/drying cycles but increased when exposed to magnesium sulfate. A ratio of 20% laterite attained the highest strength of 12.9 MPa after heating to 100°C, indicating it provides optimal performance under harsh, tropical weathering.
IRJET- Concrete with Alternative Aggregates - Green ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using alternative and recycled materials as aggregates in concrete to make it more sustainable. It discusses how concrete production consumes significant natural resources and emits greenhouse gases. "Green concrete" uses alternative aggregates like coconut shells, stone crusher waste, recycled plastics, crushed rubber tires, demolished concrete, and post-consumer glass to reduce environmental impacts. While these alternatives provide benefits, issues like weaker strength and chemical reactions must be addressed to make alternative aggregate concrete viable.
IRJET- Geo-Synthetics in Pavement DesignIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of geo-synthetics in pavement design. It begins by defining geo-synthetics as synthetic products made of polymers that are used to solve civil engineering problems. Some common geo-synthetics are geotextiles, geo-grids, and geo-membranes. The document then discusses how geo-synthetics can improve the strength and lifespan of pavements when used as reinforcement. It describes a methodology for incorporating geo-synthetics that involves surface preparation, laying the geo-synthetics, and constructing the base and surface courses. Finally, it summarizes that geo-synthetics provide cost-effective stabilization and drainage for subgrades to ensure better pavement performance.
IRJET - Utilisation of Waste Plastic in Concrete Paver Block as a Partial Rep...IRJET Journal
1) The study investigates the use of waste plastic as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete paver blocks.
2) Compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days were conducted for mixes with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% plastic replacement by weight.
3) The results showed that compressive strength increased by up to 10.23% at 7 days and 2.95% at 28 days for mixes with 5% plastic replacement, indicating improved properties from partial plastic inclusion.
IRJET - Effect of Biopolymers on the Behaviour of SandIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of biopolymers xanthan gum and starch on the engineering properties of sand. Laboratory tests were conducted on untreated sand and sand treated with varying concentrations of biopolymers over different curing times. The results found that biopolymer treatment, especially with higher concentrations of xanthan gum and starch, significantly improved the shear strength and reduced the permeability of the sand compared to untreated sand.
Mechanical characteristics of normal concrete partially replaced with crushed...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that investigated replacing natural coarse aggregates in concrete with crushed clay bricks at different replacement percentages. The study aimed to determine the optimum mechanical properties of concrete with clay brick aggregate replacement. Various tests were conducted to analyze the effects on properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and pullout force at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete density decreased by up to 15.6% with increased clay brick replacement. Overall, the study provides information on how crushed clay bricks can be partially used to replace natural aggregates in concrete production.
Development of Green Paving Blocks Using Recycled Aggregates: An Approach tow...iosrjce
The document summarizes a study on developing concrete paving blocks using recycled aggregates as a partial or full replacement for natural aggregates. Various mixtures were tested with replacement levels of recycled coarse and fine aggregates ranging from 25-100%. The properties of the blocks, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, density and abrasion resistance, were compared based on the replacement level and whether the recycled aggregates were washed or unwashed. The results showed that a 25% replacement had little effect on properties, but properties decreased at higher replacement levels, though washing the aggregates improved the performance.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Behaviour of Nano Silica in ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental investigation on the behavior of nano silica in concrete. Nano silica was used as a partial replacement for cement in M60 grade concrete in proportions of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The effect on the workability and mechanical properties (compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength) of fresh and hardened concrete was studied. The results were compared to normal concrete without nano silica. The objectives were to study the use of nano silica to reduce cement content and improve the properties and performance of high strength concrete.
IRJET- Effect of Kaolin based Geopolymer on Vallarpadam Dredged SoilIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of kaolin-based geopolymer on dredged soil from Vallarpadam, India. The study involved testing the compaction characteristics and California bearing ratio (CBR) of dredged soil mixed with varying percentages (0-20%) of geopolymer. The results showed that adding geopolymer increased the maximum dry density and CBR values, while decreasing the optimum moisture content. The CBR value peaked at 15% geopolymer addition. The study concluded the treated soil has improved properties and could be suitable for embankment construction applications.
IRJET- Manufacture of Concrete using Solid Waste from Construction IndustryIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of solid waste from construction and demolition sites as recycled aggregates in concrete. Three key points:
1. Recycled concrete aggregates were used to replace natural aggregates in concrete mixes designed for M20 grade concrete. The fresh and hardened properties of the recycled aggregate concrete were tested and compared to a control mix using natural aggregates.
2. Test results showed that the recycled aggregate concrete had marginally lower strengths on average compared to the natural aggregate concrete but still met the design grade. There was only a 5-10% reduction in strength.
3. Using recycled aggregates from construction waste in concrete provides benefits like reduced landfill usage and lower extraction of natural resources. It can support more sustainable construction if
IRJET - An Experimantal Study on Behaviour of Hollow Fly Ash Concrete Blocks ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the behavior of hollow fly ash concrete blocks as a replacement for conventional bricks. Various mix designs were tested to improve the mechanical properties of the blocks. The compressive strength, water absorption, modulus of rupture, and dry density of newly manufactured hollow fly ash concrete blocks were compared to traditionally made blocks. Results showed that the proposed mix ratios significantly increased the compressive strength and decreased the water absorption of the hollow fly ash concrete blocks compared to the original mixes. Sixteen blocks were tested based on four mix designs with varying fly ash content. The mix with 20% fly ash content performed best in terms of compressive strength and other properties.
Properties of Brick Aggregate Concrete as Influenced by the Strength of Brickijtsrd
The principal aim of this study was to research the influence of the strength of brick on the properties of brick aggregate concrete. In doing that the water cement ratio by weight and curing period of concrete for all specimens was kept fixed. The sort of brick as a source of coarse aggregate was the sole variable during this study. Three varieties of brick were utilized during this study to vary the strength of aggregate. These are picked first class brick and second class brick. The mix ratio by volume were 1 1.25 2.5 and 1 1.5 3.0. The fineness modulus of combined sand 50 Sylhet 50 Local was 1.88. Tests were administered on cylinder and prism specimens. Emphasis was given to studying the fundamental properties of hardened concrete like compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength. Attempts were made to form a relation between the properties of concrete and also the strength of bricks. The test results have shown that the properties of concrete the compressive strength, f’c modulus of rupture, fr split tensile strength, fsp and modulus of elasticity, Ecinitially increases at the subsequent rate with the increase of the strength of brick, and then the rate decreases. Md. Mahfujur Rahman | Md. Shohrab Hossain Pavel | Md. Rashedul Islam | Yousuf Ali | Md. Shafiqul Islam | Md. Shariful Islam | Md. Abdul Gone | Shafiqur Rahman "Properties of Brick Aggregate Concrete as Influenced by the Strength of Brick" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35759.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/35759/properties-of-brick-aggregate-concrete-as-influenced-by-the-strength-of-brick/md-mahfujur-rahman
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Formulation and Characterization of Bioc...IRJET Journal
1. The study experimentally investigated the formulation and characterization of biocretes by partially replacing coarse aggregate in concrete with oyster shells.
2. Specimens with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% replacement of coarse aggregate with oyster shells were tested to determine their compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths at various ages.
3. The results showed that 10% replacement of oyster shells produced the highest compressive strength. Up to 10% replacement can produce concrete with good strength properties.
IRJET- A Brief Review on Various Methods and Materials Used for Stabiliza...IRJET Journal
This document reviews various methods and materials used to stabilize soil. It discusses three main methods of soil stabilization: mechanical stabilization using techniques like dynamic compaction and vibro compaction; chemical stabilization using materials like lime and cement; and geosynthetic stabilization using geogrids. It also examines common stabilizing materials like lime, cement, and fly ash, and the recommended proportions for using these materials. The document concludes that proper soil testing and stabilization techniques can improve soil properties and prevent building failures caused by weak foundations or soil.
This document summarizes a study on using waste plastics in concrete mixtures. It discusses using polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate as replacements for conventional concrete aggregates. The study included casting concrete samples with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% replacements of aggregates with plastic aggregates. The samples were then tested to determine properties like density, compressive strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed compressive strength was maintained with up to 20% replacement, but density decreased with replacements over 20%. The study concluded plastics can partially replace aggregates in concrete, improving waste management while maintaining acceptable strength properties.
IRJET - A Review on Utilization of Plastic Granules and Alccofine in Self-Com...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using plastic granules and Alccofine in self-compacting concrete. Plastic granules can replace fine aggregate, reducing weight, cost and pollution. Alccofine is a very fine material that increases strength. The document reviews studies showing plastic granules and Alccofine can be used to create strong, durable, low-cost and environmentally friendly self-compacting concrete. Replacing up to 50% fine aggregate with plastic granules produced acceptable strength concrete. Alccofine further increased compression and flexural strength. The research aims to develop sustainable concrete using waste plastics and industrial byproducts.
IRJET- Partial and Complete Replacement of Sand in Concrete with Waste Glass,...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on partially and completely replacing sand with waste glass in concrete. The study tested the compressive strength of concrete mixtures with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% replacement of sand with crushed waste glass at curing periods of 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 50% and 100% glass sand content achieved good compressive strength at 28 days, with the 100% replacement mixture performing better. The study concluded that waste glass can successfully be used to partially or fully replace sand in concrete production.
Muck Disposal and Rehabilitation of Disposal Sites: A ReviewRSIS International
During the construction of dam, large quantity of
muck has been generated from different structure, from which
only small quantity of muck has been used and balance have to
be dispose off. In order to reduce the quantity of muck excavated
can be possible by improving in the blasting process such as
change in the parameter of blasting from which less amount of
muck will generate and fragmentation is of desire size, so it can
be directly use as aggregate and very less amount of muck have
to dispose. Disposed quantity of muck may alter the water
quality due to erosion from the site, vegetation at the site will
control the erosion. It can be quite useful for taking various
priority based mitigating measures such improved blasting,
management for control quantity of muck generation as well as
different biotechnical measures for controlling the soil erosion
and made the site useful by growing vegetable and grain on the
site which considered only a waste land during disposal process.
As concrete is the most abundant material used in the world, it contains aggregate content of around 60 to 70 %. Since aggregate are being used rapidly there has been a scarcity in the avaibility of these materials. This research investigates the effect of partially replacing aggregates by burnt brick bats and lateritic fines in concrete respectively for M25 grade concrete. The incorporation is done for 5%, 10% and 15% of burnt brick bats for coarse aggregate and by talking 15% of lateritic fines as constant for fine aggregate by conducting compressive strength test which gave the optimum value of 15% for natural sand. The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength was conducted. The results showed density of of the concrete incorporating brick and laterite was lower compared to conventional concrete, the concrete with 5% burnt brick and 15% lateritic soil showed increased strength for 7 days compared to normal concrete but when 28 days test was conducted the strength was similar to conventional concrete. The split tensile and flexural strength of replaced concrete was found to be lower than the nominal concrete.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of replacing granite with coconut shell as coarse aggregate in concrete. Forty-five concrete cylinders were cast with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% replacement to test compressive strength and workability. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days showed that replacement lowered tensile strength but increased workability. Specifically, concrete with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% replacement achieved 28-day tensile strengths of 1.97, 1.88, 1.81, and 1.74 MPa respectively. The results indicate coconut shell concrete is a viable construction material.
This document reviews geosynthetics, which are synthetic materials used in civil engineering projects. There are eight main types of geosynthetics, including geotextiles, geogrids, and geomembranes. Geosynthetics have a variety of functions and applications, such as soil reinforcement, filtration, drainage, separation, and forming barriers. They have advantages like being economical and allowing faster construction. However, their long-term performance depends on factors like proper additives and quality control during manufacturing and installation. Overall, geosynthetics can strengthen soils and provide cost-effective solutions for various civil engineering construction needs.
Abstract Geotextiles have proven to be the most versatile and cost effective ground modification materials. Their use has extended rapidly into nearly all areas of civil, geotechnical, environmental, coastal and hydraulic engineering. They form the major component of the field of Geosynthetics, the others being geogrids, geomembranes and geocomposites. One of the growing alternatives in today’s context, with respect to growing environmental concern and carbon foot print generation, is the emergence of technical textiles made out of natural fibres which includes geotextile products for geotechnical applications, agrotextile products as well as other such relevant areas. Jute geotextile (JGT) can certainly be considered as a potential aspirant replacing majority of today’s popular synthetic products which are posing severe threats to our environment thereby adversely affecting the eco-congruity. For sustainable socio-economic development, applications and usable area of jute geotextile are in increasing trend. There is a wide scope for innovative and prospective use of jute geotextile followed by the design and engineering of the products, oriented as per the end-user requirements for different geotechnical applications. This will open up newer avenues for Jute, not only as a technical textile, but for the entire Jute Sector as it is environment friendly and its application is effective for protecting environmental degradation. Therefore, keeping in mind about the potential candidature of jute geotextile this paper has substantiated a detailed review on jute geotextile-its designing and manufacturing along with its characteristic features, end-use specific applications, advantages and eventually its techno-economic viability. Keywords: Geotextiles; Jute Geotextile; Geotechnical Engineering; Underlay; Overlay; Paving Fabric
Performance of lateritic concrete under environmental harsh conditioneSAT Journals
This document investigates the performance of lateritic concrete under different environmental conditions by varying the ratio of laterite to fine aggregate in concrete mixes. Cubes made with different ratios (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%) were subjected to high temperatures, wetting and drying cycles, and chemical exposure. The results showed that compressive strength generally decreased with increased laterite ratio under wetting/drying cycles but increased when exposed to magnesium sulfate. A ratio of 20% laterite attained the highest strength of 12.9 MPa after heating to 100°C, indicating it provides optimal performance under harsh, tropical weathering.
IRJET- Concrete with Alternative Aggregates - Green ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using alternative and recycled materials as aggregates in concrete to make it more sustainable. It discusses how concrete production consumes significant natural resources and emits greenhouse gases. "Green concrete" uses alternative aggregates like coconut shells, stone crusher waste, recycled plastics, crushed rubber tires, demolished concrete, and post-consumer glass to reduce environmental impacts. While these alternatives provide benefits, issues like weaker strength and chemical reactions must be addressed to make alternative aggregate concrete viable.
IRJET- Geo-Synthetics in Pavement DesignIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of geo-synthetics in pavement design. It begins by defining geo-synthetics as synthetic products made of polymers that are used to solve civil engineering problems. Some common geo-synthetics are geotextiles, geo-grids, and geo-membranes. The document then discusses how geo-synthetics can improve the strength and lifespan of pavements when used as reinforcement. It describes a methodology for incorporating geo-synthetics that involves surface preparation, laying the geo-synthetics, and constructing the base and surface courses. Finally, it summarizes that geo-synthetics provide cost-effective stabilization and drainage for subgrades to ensure better pavement performance.
IRJET - Utilisation of Waste Plastic in Concrete Paver Block as a Partial Rep...IRJET Journal
1) The study investigates the use of waste plastic as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate in concrete paver blocks.
2) Compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days were conducted for mixes with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% plastic replacement by weight.
3) The results showed that compressive strength increased by up to 10.23% at 7 days and 2.95% at 28 days for mixes with 5% plastic replacement, indicating improved properties from partial plastic inclusion.
IRJET - Effect of Biopolymers on the Behaviour of SandIRJET Journal
The document presents the results of a study investigating the effect of biopolymers xanthan gum and starch on the engineering properties of sand. Laboratory tests were conducted on untreated sand and sand treated with varying concentrations of biopolymers over different curing times. The results found that biopolymer treatment, especially with higher concentrations of xanthan gum and starch, significantly improved the shear strength and reduced the permeability of the sand compared to untreated sand.
Mechanical characteristics of normal concrete partially replaced with crushed...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that investigated replacing natural coarse aggregates in concrete with crushed clay bricks at different replacement percentages. The study aimed to determine the optimum mechanical properties of concrete with clay brick aggregate replacement. Various tests were conducted to analyze the effects on properties like compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and pullout force at 7 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete density decreased by up to 15.6% with increased clay brick replacement. Overall, the study provides information on how crushed clay bricks can be partially used to replace natural aggregates in concrete production.
Development of Green Paving Blocks Using Recycled Aggregates: An Approach tow...iosrjce
The document summarizes a study on developing concrete paving blocks using recycled aggregates as a partial or full replacement for natural aggregates. Various mixtures were tested with replacement levels of recycled coarse and fine aggregates ranging from 25-100%. The properties of the blocks, such as compressive strength, flexural strength, water absorption, density and abrasion resistance, were compared based on the replacement level and whether the recycled aggregates were washed or unwashed. The results showed that a 25% replacement had little effect on properties, but properties decreased at higher replacement levels, though washing the aggregates improved the performance.
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on Behaviour of Nano Silica in ConcreteIRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental investigation on the behavior of nano silica in concrete. Nano silica was used as a partial replacement for cement in M60 grade concrete in proportions of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The effect on the workability and mechanical properties (compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength) of fresh and hardened concrete was studied. The results were compared to normal concrete without nano silica. The objectives were to study the use of nano silica to reduce cement content and improve the properties and performance of high strength concrete.
IRJET- Effect of Kaolin based Geopolymer on Vallarpadam Dredged SoilIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of kaolin-based geopolymer on dredged soil from Vallarpadam, India. The study involved testing the compaction characteristics and California bearing ratio (CBR) of dredged soil mixed with varying percentages (0-20%) of geopolymer. The results showed that adding geopolymer increased the maximum dry density and CBR values, while decreasing the optimum moisture content. The CBR value peaked at 15% geopolymer addition. The study concluded the treated soil has improved properties and could be suitable for embankment construction applications.
IRJET- Manufacture of Concrete using Solid Waste from Construction IndustryIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of solid waste from construction and demolition sites as recycled aggregates in concrete. Three key points:
1. Recycled concrete aggregates were used to replace natural aggregates in concrete mixes designed for M20 grade concrete. The fresh and hardened properties of the recycled aggregate concrete were tested and compared to a control mix using natural aggregates.
2. Test results showed that the recycled aggregate concrete had marginally lower strengths on average compared to the natural aggregate concrete but still met the design grade. There was only a 5-10% reduction in strength.
3. Using recycled aggregates from construction waste in concrete provides benefits like reduced landfill usage and lower extraction of natural resources. It can support more sustainable construction if
IRJET - An Experimantal Study on Behaviour of Hollow Fly Ash Concrete Blocks ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the behavior of hollow fly ash concrete blocks as a replacement for conventional bricks. Various mix designs were tested to improve the mechanical properties of the blocks. The compressive strength, water absorption, modulus of rupture, and dry density of newly manufactured hollow fly ash concrete blocks were compared to traditionally made blocks. Results showed that the proposed mix ratios significantly increased the compressive strength and decreased the water absorption of the hollow fly ash concrete blocks compared to the original mixes. Sixteen blocks were tested based on four mix designs with varying fly ash content. The mix with 20% fly ash content performed best in terms of compressive strength and other properties.
Properties of Brick Aggregate Concrete as Influenced by the Strength of Brickijtsrd
The principal aim of this study was to research the influence of the strength of brick on the properties of brick aggregate concrete. In doing that the water cement ratio by weight and curing period of concrete for all specimens was kept fixed. The sort of brick as a source of coarse aggregate was the sole variable during this study. Three varieties of brick were utilized during this study to vary the strength of aggregate. These are picked first class brick and second class brick. The mix ratio by volume were 1 1.25 2.5 and 1 1.5 3.0. The fineness modulus of combined sand 50 Sylhet 50 Local was 1.88. Tests were administered on cylinder and prism specimens. Emphasis was given to studying the fundamental properties of hardened concrete like compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and tensile strength. Attempts were made to form a relation between the properties of concrete and also the strength of bricks. The test results have shown that the properties of concrete the compressive strength, f’c modulus of rupture, fr split tensile strength, fsp and modulus of elasticity, Ecinitially increases at the subsequent rate with the increase of the strength of brick, and then the rate decreases. Md. Mahfujur Rahman | Md. Shohrab Hossain Pavel | Md. Rashedul Islam | Yousuf Ali | Md. Shafiqul Islam | Md. Shariful Islam | Md. Abdul Gone | Shafiqur Rahman "Properties of Brick Aggregate Concrete as Influenced by the Strength of Brick" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35759.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/35759/properties-of-brick-aggregate-concrete-as-influenced-by-the-strength-of-brick/md-mahfujur-rahman
IRJET- Experimental Investigation of Formulation and Characterization of Bioc...IRJET Journal
1. The study experimentally investigated the formulation and characterization of biocretes by partially replacing coarse aggregate in concrete with oyster shells.
2. Specimens with 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% replacement of coarse aggregate with oyster shells were tested to determine their compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths at various ages.
3. The results showed that 10% replacement of oyster shells produced the highest compressive strength. Up to 10% replacement can produce concrete with good strength properties.
IRJET- A Brief Review on Various Methods and Materials Used for Stabiliza...IRJET Journal
This document reviews various methods and materials used to stabilize soil. It discusses three main methods of soil stabilization: mechanical stabilization using techniques like dynamic compaction and vibro compaction; chemical stabilization using materials like lime and cement; and geosynthetic stabilization using geogrids. It also examines common stabilizing materials like lime, cement, and fly ash, and the recommended proportions for using these materials. The document concludes that proper soil testing and stabilization techniques can improve soil properties and prevent building failures caused by weak foundations or soil.
This document summarizes a study on using waste plastics in concrete mixtures. It discusses using polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate as replacements for conventional concrete aggregates. The study included casting concrete samples with 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% replacements of aggregates with plastic aggregates. The samples were then tested to determine properties like density, compressive strength, and flexural strength at 7 and 28 days. The results showed compressive strength was maintained with up to 20% replacement, but density decreased with replacements over 20%. The study concluded plastics can partially replace aggregates in concrete, improving waste management while maintaining acceptable strength properties.
IRJET - A Review on Utilization of Plastic Granules and Alccofine in Self-Com...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using plastic granules and Alccofine in self-compacting concrete. Plastic granules can replace fine aggregate, reducing weight, cost and pollution. Alccofine is a very fine material that increases strength. The document reviews studies showing plastic granules and Alccofine can be used to create strong, durable, low-cost and environmentally friendly self-compacting concrete. Replacing up to 50% fine aggregate with plastic granules produced acceptable strength concrete. Alccofine further increased compression and flexural strength. The research aims to develop sustainable concrete using waste plastics and industrial byproducts.
IRJET- Partial and Complete Replacement of Sand in Concrete with Waste Glass,...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on partially and completely replacing sand with waste glass in concrete. The study tested the compressive strength of concrete mixtures with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% replacement of sand with crushed waste glass at curing periods of 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The results showed that concrete with 50% and 100% glass sand content achieved good compressive strength at 28 days, with the 100% replacement mixture performing better. The study concluded that waste glass can successfully be used to partially or fully replace sand in concrete production.
Muck Disposal and Rehabilitation of Disposal Sites: A ReviewRSIS International
During the construction of dam, large quantity of
muck has been generated from different structure, from which
only small quantity of muck has been used and balance have to
be dispose off. In order to reduce the quantity of muck excavated
can be possible by improving in the blasting process such as
change in the parameter of blasting from which less amount of
muck will generate and fragmentation is of desire size, so it can
be directly use as aggregate and very less amount of muck have
to dispose. Disposed quantity of muck may alter the water
quality due to erosion from the site, vegetation at the site will
control the erosion. It can be quite useful for taking various
priority based mitigating measures such improved blasting,
management for control quantity of muck generation as well as
different biotechnical measures for controlling the soil erosion
and made the site useful by growing vegetable and grain on the
site which considered only a waste land during disposal process.
As concrete is the most abundant material used in the world, it contains aggregate content of around 60 to 70 %. Since aggregate are being used rapidly there has been a scarcity in the avaibility of these materials. This research investigates the effect of partially replacing aggregates by burnt brick bats and lateritic fines in concrete respectively for M25 grade concrete. The incorporation is done for 5%, 10% and 15% of burnt brick bats for coarse aggregate and by talking 15% of lateritic fines as constant for fine aggregate by conducting compressive strength test which gave the optimum value of 15% for natural sand. The compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength was conducted. The results showed density of of the concrete incorporating brick and laterite was lower compared to conventional concrete, the concrete with 5% burnt brick and 15% lateritic soil showed increased strength for 7 days compared to normal concrete but when 28 days test was conducted the strength was similar to conventional concrete. The split tensile and flexural strength of replaced concrete was found to be lower than the nominal concrete.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of replacing granite with coconut shell as coarse aggregate in concrete. Forty-five concrete cylinders were cast with 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% replacement to test compressive strength and workability. Testing at 7, 14, and 28 days showed that replacement lowered tensile strength but increased workability. Specifically, concrete with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% replacement achieved 28-day tensile strengths of 1.97, 1.88, 1.81, and 1.74 MPa respectively. The results indicate coconut shell concrete is a viable construction material.
This document reviews geosynthetics, which are synthetic materials used in civil engineering projects. There are eight main types of geosynthetics, including geotextiles, geogrids, and geomembranes. Geosynthetics have a variety of functions and applications, such as soil reinforcement, filtration, drainage, separation, and forming barriers. They have advantages like being economical and allowing faster construction. However, their long-term performance depends on factors like proper additives and quality control during manufacturing and installation. Overall, geosynthetics can strengthen soils and provide cost-effective solutions for various civil engineering construction needs.
Abstract Geotextiles have proven to be the most versatile and cost effective ground modification materials. Their use has extended rapidly into nearly all areas of civil, geotechnical, environmental, coastal and hydraulic engineering. They form the major component of the field of Geosynthetics, the others being geogrids, geomembranes and geocomposites. One of the growing alternatives in today’s context, with respect to growing environmental concern and carbon foot print generation, is the emergence of technical textiles made out of natural fibres which includes geotextile products for geotechnical applications, agrotextile products as well as other such relevant areas. Jute geotextile (JGT) can certainly be considered as a potential aspirant replacing majority of today’s popular synthetic products which are posing severe threats to our environment thereby adversely affecting the eco-congruity. For sustainable socio-economic development, applications and usable area of jute geotextile are in increasing trend. There is a wide scope for innovative and prospective use of jute geotextile followed by the design and engineering of the products, oriented as per the end-user requirements for different geotechnical applications. This will open up newer avenues for Jute, not only as a technical textile, but for the entire Jute Sector as it is environment friendly and its application is effective for protecting environmental degradation. Therefore, keeping in mind about the potential candidature of jute geotextile this paper has substantiated a detailed review on jute geotextile-its designing and manufacturing along with its characteristic features, end-use specific applications, advantages and eventually its techno-economic viability. Keywords: Geotextiles; Jute Geotextile; Geotechnical Engineering; Underlay; Overlay; Paving Fabric
Geosynthetics&Geosystems In Coastal Engineering Pilarczyk2009Krystian Pilarczyk
This document reviews the use of geosynthetics and geosystems in coastal engineering applications. It discusses how geosynthetics like geotextiles have become common in revetment construction but geosystems like geotubes are relatively new. While these systems were initially designed based on limited experience, research has improved design techniques and reliability. The document provides an overview of various geosynthetic and geosystem applications in coastal engineering, discusses sources of information on these systems, and makes recommendations to support future use and improvements. It then reviews specific geosystems like geotextiles in revetments, geomattresses, geobags, geotubes and geocontainers in more detail.
Comparative Study on Soil Stabilization Using Jute and Coir GeotextileIRJET Journal
This study compares the effectiveness of jute and coir geotextiles for soil stabilization of black cotton soil. California bearing ratio (CBR) tests and compaction tests were conducted on black cotton soil with the addition of one or two layers of jute or sodium hydroxide treated coir geotextiles. The results showed that the CBR and maximum dry density values increased with the addition of geotextiles, with coir providing slightly better improvements than jute. A cost analysis also found that using coir geotextiles resulted in a more cost-effective pavement construction than jute. The study concluded that coir geotextile is a viable and low-cost option for improving soil strength
“Study of Geosynthetics and use of Non – Woven Green Geocomposite Blanket for...IRJET Journal
This document discusses geosynthetics and their use in erosion control and slope protection for embankments. It defines geosynthetics as versatile materials made from natural or synthetic fibers that are used in geotechnical, marine, and environmental engineering to improve soil properties. Non-woven geocomposite blankets can be used as erosion control elements for embankment slopes. The document outlines the different types of geosynthetics and their functions, which include reinforcement, separation, filtration, drainage, barriers, and erosion control. It focuses on how geotextiles, geocells, and geocomposite blankets are mainly used for erosion control on slopes of railways, highways, and landfills to protect against erosion
IRJET- Evaluating the Benefits of Using Geotextiles in Road ConstructionIRJET Journal
This document evaluates the benefits of using geotextiles in road construction. It summarizes the results of experiments comparing the bearing capacity of roads with and without geotextiles. The experiments found that roads with geotextiles had higher specific gravity, direct shear strength, maximum dry density from standard proctor tests, and California Bearing Ratio compared to roads without geotextiles. Geotextiles are man-made materials that can increase the strength of pavements and protect roads from frequent damage, decreasing the need for maintenance. The document concludes that geotextiles are a cost-effective way to improve drainage and stabilization of road subgrades when properly installed and maintained.
Study on the Influence of Anti-Stripping Agents in Bituminous ConstructionIRJET Journal
This study evaluated the effect of anti-stripping agents on bituminous concrete performance using locally available aggregates in Kerala, India which has about 130 rainy days per year. Tests were conducted on aggregates, bitumen, and bituminous concrete mixes with and without the anti-stripping agent Rediset LQ 1102. The addition of 0.55-0.75% Rediset increased mix stability and tensile strength ratio, reducing moisture susceptibility. Using anti-stripping agents in bituminous mixes was concluded to improve pavement longevity in wet climates like Kerala by enhancing adhesion between the aggregates and bitumen. Further study using different aggregates and anti-stripping agents was recommended.
Plastic Waste Utilization for Manufacturing of Paver BlockIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on utilizing plastic waste to manufacture paver blocks. Plastic waste is a growing environmental issue as it takes a long time to break down. The researchers used plastic waste to partially replace cement in making paver blocks. They tested different mixtures of plastic waste, quarry dust, and sea sand. The optimal mixture was found to be a 1:1.5:1 ratio of plastic waste to quarry dust to sea sand. Tests on the resulting paver blocks showed an average compressive strength of 1.012 N/mm2 and a water absorption of less than 3%. Using plastic waste to make paver blocks provides an environmentally beneficial way of reusing plastic while manufacturing construction materials.
Durability Studies of Surface Modified Coir GeotextilesIRJET Journal
1) The study examines the durability of surface modified coir geotextiles through tensile strength testing.
2) Coir geotextiles were modified through natural rubber latex coating. Initial tensile strength was 4.797% higher for modified geotextiles.
3) Samples were buried in soil, submerged in water and fertilizer solutions, and exposed to natural conditions. After 60 days, tensile strength was tested.
4) Urea solution caused more degradation (34.865% strength loss) than factamfose solution (18.541% loss) for unmodified geotextiles, due to urea's alkaline nature. Modified geotextiles showed better dur
A Schematic Review on Environment Friendly Soil Stabilization MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using environmentally friendly materials for soil stabilization. It discusses how traditional stabilization methods can be harmful to the environment. Recent research has shown natural soil properties like strength and compressibility can be improved by adding bio-enzymes and agricultural/commercial waste. The document reviews several studies on different eco-friendly stabilization techniques like using fly ash, lime, and olivine. It evaluates factors that affect stabilized soil strength and the benefits of soil stabilization, such as increased load-bearing capacity and durability. The goal of using environmentally friendly methods is to strengthen soil in a cost-effective and sustainable way.
UTILIZATION OF WASTE PLASTIC IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTSIRJET Journal
This document discusses the utilization of waste plastic in flexible pavements to reduce environmental pollution. Tests were conducted on bituminous mixes containing 4%, 5%, and 6% waste plastic by weight of binder. The Marshall method of mix design was used to determine the optimum binder content. Test results found that mixes containing waste plastic had higher stability values compared to conventional mixes without plastic. Specifically, mixes with 5% binder content exhibited the maximum stability. Therefore, 5% was considered the optimum binder content for design of flexible pavements using waste plastic. In conclusion, utilizing waste plastic in road construction can enhance bitumen properties, increase pavement strength and lifespan, while providing an environmentally-friendly way to reduce plastic waste.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
IRJET - Study on Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Waste Plastic in Ce...IRJET Journal
This study investigates the partial replacement of fine aggregate with waste plastic in cement concrete. Various percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) of fine aggregate were replaced with shredded plastic bottles to examine workability and mechanical properties. The workability of mixes increased with higher plastic content due to plastic's smooth texture. However, density and compressive strength decreased with increasing plastic replacement. While a 5% replacement produced properties close to reference concrete, strengths significantly reduced at higher plastic contents. The study concluded that waste plastic can successfully replace up to 5% of fine aggregate without detrimental long-term effects, providing a way to utilize plastic waste in construction applications.
Evaluating Interface Properties and Predicting Landfill Liner Stability Under...MrEddyAsyrafSyed
Predicting landfill stability and maintaining stable configuration during filling is responsibility of engineers. Majority of failures occurs within waste mass and along landfill liners. This paper will discuss the methods adopted to predict landfill liner stability in terms of interface performances. Interfaces shear strength parameter evaluation for landfill liner systems have been a tedious testing process.
INVESTIGATION ON PERFORMANCE OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE BLOCKIRJET Journal
This document discusses an investigation into the performance of concrete blocks made with recycled aggregates. Specifically, it looks at partially replacing cement with iron ore ash and partially replacing fine aggregate with glass waste.
The objectives are to study the characteristics of the recycled materials, the performance of the concrete blocks, and do a cost analysis. A literature review found that using recycled glass bottles as fine aggregate can reduce compressive strength slightly but workability.
The document outlines the materials and mix proportions used, including varying the percentages of iron ore ash replacing cement and glass waste replacing fine aggregate. It presents the results of compressive strength, flexural strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests on the different mixes. The mix with 10% iron ore
“EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES AND RESPONSE OF GEOGRID IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES”IRJET Journal
This document discusses an experimental study on the use of geogrid in concrete structures. It aims to determine the impact of placing geogrid at different locations in beams and concrete cubes. Geogrid is a geosynthetic material made of polymers like polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, high-density polyethylene, and polypropylene. It is commonly used in road construction, retaining walls, dams, and building construction. In this study, geogrid is included in concrete beams and cubes to test if it can replace or supplement steel reinforcement. The study will involve testing control specimens along with specimens containing single and double layers of uniaxial and biaxial geogrid. The testing will determine the flex
IRJET- A Study on use of Recycled Aggregate in Standard Mix Design and its Su...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using recycled concrete aggregates in standard concrete mix designs. Three key points:
1) The study tested the properties of concrete mixes made with different proportions of recycled aggregates compared to natural aggregates. Tests included compressive strength, tensile strength, slump, rebound hammer, and ultrasonic pulse velocity.
2) Test results showed that concretes made with recycled aggregates had similar or slightly lower strength properties compared to natural aggregate concrete. Recycled aggregate concrete required more water.
3) The study concluded that using recycled aggregates can reduce the use of natural aggregates in construction without compromising concrete quality. This supports sustainability and environmental protection goals.
This document discusses using waste materials in concrete to make it more sustainable. It provides an overview of research on replacing portions of cement with waste products like fly ash, steel slag, and hypo sludge. Using these materials provides environmental benefits by reducing pollution from cement production and diverting waste from landfills. The document also reviews literature on how different waste materials can be used when making concrete and their effects on the concrete's properties. It emphasizes the need for more research and government standards before these alternative materials can be widely used in construction.
The document summarizes developments in the design and application of geosynthetics and geosystems in hydraulic and coastal engineering. It provides an overview of different geosynthetic and geosystem applications such as revetments, fill-containing systems, geocontainers, and their use in dams, dikes, and for erosion control. It also discusses design methodology, stability criteria, and performance of these systems. Research has provided better understanding but more work is still needed to develop generally valid design guidelines.
Geotextiles are increasingly being used for soil stabilization in construction projects like roads and railways. They help reduce the need for aggregate and separation of different soil layers, allowing water drainage while preventing mixing. A seminar report discusses the functions, types, and applications of geotextiles. Laboratory tests on soil samples show geotextiles increase the California Bearing Ratio, a measure of soil strength. Reinforced soils had higher strength and would reduce pavement thicknesses needed. Geotextiles thus enhance subgrade performance and increase the ultimate lifespan of construction projects.
Similar to IRJET- Technical Specifications of Geotextile and Applications in Marine Works (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.