Inter-process communication (IPC) refers to techniques for exchanging data between processes and threads. Common IPC methods include message passing, synchronization, shared memory, and remote procedure calls. IPC is useful for information sharing, increasing computational speed, modularity, convenience, and privilege separation. Common IPC techniques on Mac OS X include shared memory, Mach ports, sockets, Apple Events, distributed notifications, pasteboards, and distributed objects. Each method has advantages and disadvantages for different use cases.
Although the OSI reference model is universally recognized, the historical and technical open standard of the Internet is Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
The TCP/IP reference model and the TCP/IP protocol stack make data communication possible between any two computers, anywhere in the world, at nearly the speed of light.
Here you will learn:
How to Connect two or more devices to share data and information.
What is OSI Model?
Introduction to OSI Model
What is Physical Layer?
Devices used Physical Layer
What is Signal?
Types of Signals?
Analog Signals
Digital SIgnals
What is Transmission Medium?
What Is Switch in Networking?
Networking 7 Layers.
.
Please like and comments your Question and suggestion?
UNIT II MOBILE INTERNET PROTOCOL AND TRANSPORT LAYER
Overview of Mobile IP – Features of Mobile IP – Key Mechanism in Mobile IP – route Optimization. Overview of TCP/IP – Architecture of TCP/IP- Adaptation of TCP Window – Improvement in TCP Performance.
This ppt define the basic concepts of mobile computing. It is the first part of mobile computing.
It defines the following terms
Introduction to mobile computing
Generations of mobile computing
Cellular concepts
Signalling, modulation and Demodulation
Spread Spectrum
Frequency Reuse
Multiple access schemes
GSM
GPRS
CDMA
Continuity is new feature introduced with OS X Yosemite and iOS 8.1 that lets you partner your iPhone with a Mac (or other iOS device) in order to:
Make and receive phone calls , Send and receive text (SMS) or multimedia (MMS) messages , Handoff files between devices , Get online with Instant Hotspot and Use AirDrop.
Continuity isn’t compatible with all Macs or iOS devices. The chief factor is whether the Mac or iOS device features low-power Bluetooth, also known as Bluetooth 4.0.
However, even if your device does not have Bluetooth 4.0, this only means your Mac is incompatible with most Continuity features. Phone call and SMS Continuity rely on Wi-Fi so might work fine.
Although the OSI reference model is universally recognized, the historical and technical open standard of the Internet is Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).
The TCP/IP reference model and the TCP/IP protocol stack make data communication possible between any two computers, anywhere in the world, at nearly the speed of light.
Here you will learn:
How to Connect two or more devices to share data and information.
What is OSI Model?
Introduction to OSI Model
What is Physical Layer?
Devices used Physical Layer
What is Signal?
Types of Signals?
Analog Signals
Digital SIgnals
What is Transmission Medium?
What Is Switch in Networking?
Networking 7 Layers.
.
Please like and comments your Question and suggestion?
UNIT II MOBILE INTERNET PROTOCOL AND TRANSPORT LAYER
Overview of Mobile IP – Features of Mobile IP – Key Mechanism in Mobile IP – route Optimization. Overview of TCP/IP – Architecture of TCP/IP- Adaptation of TCP Window – Improvement in TCP Performance.
This ppt define the basic concepts of mobile computing. It is the first part of mobile computing.
It defines the following terms
Introduction to mobile computing
Generations of mobile computing
Cellular concepts
Signalling, modulation and Demodulation
Spread Spectrum
Frequency Reuse
Multiple access schemes
GSM
GPRS
CDMA
Continuity is new feature introduced with OS X Yosemite and iOS 8.1 that lets you partner your iPhone with a Mac (or other iOS device) in order to:
Make and receive phone calls , Send and receive text (SMS) or multimedia (MMS) messages , Handoff files between devices , Get online with Instant Hotspot and Use AirDrop.
Continuity isn’t compatible with all Macs or iOS devices. The chief factor is whether the Mac or iOS device features low-power Bluetooth, also known as Bluetooth 4.0.
However, even if your device does not have Bluetooth 4.0, this only means your Mac is incompatible with most Continuity features. Phone call and SMS Continuity rely on Wi-Fi so might work fine.
Evolution of Microsoft windows operating systemsSai praveen Seva
A presentation regarding the evolution of operating systems developed by Microsoft corporation..... i have searched for such presentation on the internet but couldn't find one. So I chose to make one
BlackHat USA 2011 - Stefan Esser - iOS Kernel ExploitationStefan Esser
Exploiting the iOS Kernel
The iPhone user land is locked down very tightly by kernel level protections. Therefore any sophisticated attack has to include a kernel exploit in order to completely compromise the device. Because of this our previous session titled "Targeting the iOS Kernel" already discussed how to reverse the iOS kernel in order to find kernel security vulnerabilities. Exploitation of iOS kernel vulnerabilities has not been discussed yet.
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Furthermore the kernel patches applied by iPhone jailbreaks will be discussed in order to understand how certain security features are deactivated. A tool will be released that allows to selectively de-activate some of these kernel patches for more realistic exploit tests.
A ppt on Mac Operating System by Apple. I've made this presentation simpler by changing the words in it to a simpler English which everyone can understand and explain it easily. For getting customized projects on Information Technology, contact at https://quvor.com
Inter-Process-Communication (or IPC for short) are mechanisms provid.pdfaesalem06
Inter-Process-Communication (or IPC for short) are mechanisms provided by the kernel to allow
processes to communicate with each other.
The types of inter process communication on Linux OS are:
The following IPC mechanisms are supported by Windows:
1. Clipboard - The clipboard acts as a central depository for data sharing among applications.
When a user performs a cut or copy operation in an application, the application puts the selected
data on the clipboard in one or more standard or application-defined formats. Any other
application can then retrieve the data from the clipboard, choosing from the available formats
that it understands.
2. File Mapping - File mapping enables a process to treat the contents of a file as if they were a
block of memory in the process\'s address space. The process can use simple pointer operations
to examine and modify the contents of the file. When two or more processes access the same file
mapping, each process receives a pointer to memory in its own address space that it can use to
read or modify the contents of the file.
3. Mailslot - Mailslots provide one-way communication. Any process that creates a mailslot is a
mailslot server. Other processes, called mailslot clients, send messages to the mailslot server by
writing a message to its mailslot.
4. RPC - RPC enables applications to call functions remotely. Therefore, RPC makes IPC as easy
as calling a function. RPC operates between processes on a single computer or on different
computers on a network.
5. Windows Socket - Windows Sockets is a protocol-independent interface capable of supporting
current and emerging networking capabilities.
The following IPC mechanisms are supported by Mac OS:
1. Mach Ports : Mach 3.0 is capable of running as a stand-alone kernel, with other traditional OS-
services like IO, file systems and networking stack running as user mode.It is much faster to
make a direct call between linked components than it is to send messages or do RPC between
separate tasks.
2. Apple Events : Universally supported by GUI applications on Mac OS for remote
control.Operations like opening or telling an application to open a file or quit etc can be done
using these.
3. Pasteboard - Copy Paste , Drag and drop done between applications is performed using this
technique.
4. Distributed Objects - Remote messaging feature of Cocoa to call an object in different Cocoa
applicaton.
Windows server uses the best technique to manage IPC because
a) It provides an efficient way for two or more processes on the same computer to share data.
b) It is capable of supporting current and emerging networking capabilities, such as quality of
service monitoring, robust asynchronous communication, I/O completion ports for superior
performance, and protocol-specific network
features.
=> Multiprocessing : refers to the use of two or morecentral processing units (CPU) within a
single computer system.All the operating systems provide support for multiprocessing.
Windows manages.
This is the detailed outline and outcomes of our driver programming project. Presentation at : http://www.slideshare.net/shivekkhurana/driver-programming-the-linux-way
The OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection Model) is a conceptual framework used to describe the functions of a networking system. The OSI model characterizes computing functions into a universal set of rules and requirements in order to support interoperability between different products and software. In the OSI reference model, the communications between a computing system are split into seven different abstraction layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
TCP/IP Model helps you to determine how a specific computer should be connected to the internet and how data should be transmitted between them. It helps you to create a virtual network when multiple computer networks are connected together. The purpose of the TCP/IP model is to allow communication over large distances.
Inter-Process Communication in distributed systemsAya Mahmoud
Inter-Process Communication is at the heart of all distributed systems, so we need to know the ways that processes can exchange information.
Communication in distributed systems is based on Low-level message passing as offered by the underlying network.
A computer network is a interconnection of two or more computers that are able to exchange information’s. Two computers are said to be inter connected if they are capable of
exchanging information.
• Network Goals/Advantages of Networking
7 Layers OSI model description with 3 unofficial Layers.Kanishk Raj
OSI reference model all seven layers description with 8,9,&10 not official layers that is also important in an organization ,when design the effective Network output.
A Comprehensive Look at Generative AI in Retail App Testing.pdfkalichargn70th171
Traditional software testing methods are being challenged in retail, where customer expectations and technological advancements continually shape the landscape. Enter generative AI—a transformative subset of artificial intelligence technologies poised to revolutionize software testing.
OpenFOAM solver for Helmholtz equation, helmholtzFoam / helmholtzBubbleFoamtakuyayamamoto1800
In this slide, we show the simulation example and the way to compile this solver.
In this solver, the Helmholtz equation can be solved by helmholtzFoam. Also, the Helmholtz equation with uniformly dispersed bubbles can be simulated by helmholtzBubbleFoam.
How Recreation Management Software Can Streamline Your Operations.pptxwottaspaceseo
Recreation management software streamlines operations by automating key tasks such as scheduling, registration, and payment processing, reducing manual workload and errors. It provides centralized management of facilities, classes, and events, ensuring efficient resource allocation and facility usage. The software offers user-friendly online portals for easy access to bookings and program information, enhancing customer experience. Real-time reporting and data analytics deliver insights into attendance and preferences, aiding in strategic decision-making. Additionally, effective communication tools keep participants and staff informed with timely updates. Overall, recreation management software enhances efficiency, improves service delivery, and boosts customer satisfaction.
Quarkus Hidden and Forbidden ExtensionsMax Andersen
Quarkus has a vast extension ecosystem and is known for its subsonic and subatomic feature set. Some of these features are not as well known, and some extensions are less talked about, but that does not make them less interesting - quite the opposite.
Come join this talk to see some tips and tricks for using Quarkus and some of the lesser known features, extensions and development techniques.
Experience our free, in-depth three-part Tendenci Platform Corporate Membership Management workshop series! In Session 1 on May 14th, 2024, we began with an Introduction and Setup, mastering the configuration of your Corporate Membership Module settings to establish membership types, applications, and more. Then, on May 16th, 2024, in Session 2, we focused on binding individual members to a Corporate Membership and Corporate Reps, teaching you how to add individual members and assign Corporate Representatives to manage dues, renewals, and associated members. Finally, on May 28th, 2024, in Session 3, we covered questions and concerns, addressing any queries or issues you may have.
For more Tendenci AMS events, check out www.tendenci.com/events
Into the Box Keynote Day 2: Unveiling amazing updates and announcements for modern CFML developers! Get ready for exciting releases and updates on Ortus tools and products. Stay tuned for cutting-edge innovations designed to boost your productivity.
Check out the webinar slides to learn more about how XfilesPro transforms Salesforce document management by leveraging its world-class applications. For more details, please connect with sales@xfilespro.com
If you want to watch the on-demand webinar, please click here: https://www.xfilespro.com/webinars/salesforce-document-management-2-0-smarter-faster-better/
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Unleash Unlimited Potential with One-Time Purchase
BoxLang is more than just a language; it's a community. By choosing a Visionary License, you're not just investing in your success, you're actively contributing to the ongoing development and support of BoxLang.
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Yet, they often turn into annoying tasks riddled with frustration, hostility, unclear feedback and lack of standards. How can we improve this crucial process?
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- The Art of Effective Code Reviews
- Streamlining the Review Process
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Exploring Innovations in Data Repository Solutions - Insights from the U.S. G...
Inter-Process Communication (IPC) techniques on Mac OS X
1. Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
on Mac OS X
Inter-process communication (IPC) can be defined as set of
techniques used for exchanging data among multiple
threads in one or more processes. Processes may be
running on one or more computers connected by a
network. IPC methods can divided into methods for
message passing, synchronization, shared memory, and
remote procedure calls (RPC).
2. Need for IPC
Reasons for allowing two processes to communicate with
each other may be different :
Information sharing
Computational speedup
Modularity
Convenience
Privilege separation
Let's look at various techniques for IPC one by one
3. Shared File
Most naive solution where multiple processes will share a
common file. It could be a simple .txt file or a .sqlite
database. The obvious problems in this method are
• Clients need to continuously poll to see if server has
written something in the file.
• Write problems if multiple processes are trying to write
to the shared file at the same time.
4. Shared Memory
This is another implementation for IPC where a memory
section is shared between different processes.In other
words process A writes to this memory and B can read
from this memory, or vice verse. This is fast and data
doesn’t have to be copied around. The downside is that it’s
really difficult to coordinate changes to the shared memory
area.
5. Mach Ports
The fundamental services and primitives of the OS X kernel are based
on Mach 3.0. Mach 3.0 was originally conceived as a simple,
extensible, communications microkernel. It is capable of running as a
stand–alone kernel, with other traditional operating-system services
such as I/O, file systems, and networking stacks running as user-mode
servers.
However, in OS X, Mach is linked with other kernel components into a
single kernel address space. This is primarily for performance. It is
much faster to make a direct call between linked components than it is
to send messages or do remote procedure calls (RPC) between
separate tasks. This modular structure results in a more robust and
extensible system than a monolithic kernel would allow, without the
performance penalty of a pure microkernel.
The only disadvantage is complexity of implementation and less
documentation.
6. Sockets
While most TCP/IP connections are established over a
network between two different machines, it is also possible
to connect two processes running on the same machine
without ever touching a network using TCP/IP.
Using TCP/IP sockets for interprocess communication (IPC)
is not very different from using them for network
communications. In fact, they can be used in exactly the
same way.But if the intent is only for local IPC create a
socket in the AF_UNIX family to get a socket that’s only for
local communication and uses more flexible addressing
than TCP/IP allows.
7. Apple Events
These are the only IPC mechanism which is universally
supported by GUI applications on Mac OS X for remote
control. Operation like opening a telling a application to
open a file or to quit etc. can be done using these.
AppleScript is a scripting language built on top of Apple
Events which can be used using scripting bridge in a Mac
application.
8. Distributed Notifications
A notification center manages the sending and receiving of notifications.
It notifies all observers of notifications meeting specific criteria. The
notification information is encapsulated in NSNotification objects.
Client objects register themselves with the notification center as
observers of specific notifications posted by other objects. When an
event occurs, an object posts an appropriate notification to the
notification center.
Posting a distributed notification is an expensive operation. The
notification gets sent to a system wide server that then distributes it to
all the processes that have objects registered for distributed
notifications. The latency between posting the notification and the
notification’s arrival in another process is unbounded. In fact, if too
many notifications are being posted and the server’s queue fills up,
notifications can be dropped.
9. Pasteboard
Every time a copy-paste happens between applications,
that’s IPC happening using pasteboard. Inter-application
drag and drop also uses the pasteboard. It is possible to
create custom pasteboards which only desired applications
can access for passing data back and forth between
applications.
Like distributed notifications, pasteboard work by talking to a
central pasteboard server using mach ports.
10. Distributed Objects
This mechanism enables a Cocoa application to call an object
in a different Cocoa application (or a different thread in the
same application). The applications can even be running
on different computers on a network.
Distributed objects operates by having the server make
public, an object to which other client processes can
connect. Once a connection is made, the client process
invokes one of the public object’s methods as if the object
existed in the client process.
Distributed Objects normally runs over mach ports but can
also be used with sockets, allowing it to work between
computers as well.