The document discusses sensors used in aircraft autopilot systems. An automatic flight control system uses various sensors to monitor speed, height, position, doors, obstacles, fuel and maneuvers. A computer receives data from these sensors, compares it to pre-designed values, and provides control signals to engines, flaps, and rudders to enable smooth autonomous flight. Sensors provide input to computers, which are the system's brains, and mechanics provide the outputs to control aircraft systems.
This document discusses embedded systems. It defines an embedded system as a microprocessor-based system designed to perform dedicated functions. Embedded systems are found in devices ranging from household appliances to spacecraft. The document discusses the history of embedded systems and how they have evolved from using microprocessors to typically using microcontrollers. It also discusses the hardware and software components of embedded systems as well as common programming languages. Examples of different types of embedded systems are provided.
1. Introduction to Embedded Systems & IoTIEEE MIU SB
This document provides an introduction to embedded systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines embedded systems as hardware and software components that perform dedicated tasks as part of larger machines. Embedded systems are designed for specific tasks without human intervention and must meet real-time performance constraints. Examples are given of embedded systems applications. It then discusses microprocessors versus microcontrollers. The document introduces Arduino, an open-source hardware and software platform used to build electronics projects, and describes its various components. It defines IoT as the network of physical objects embedded with electronics that collect and share data over the internet. Applications and evolution of IoT are briefly outlined.
M2M technology allows machines and devices to communicate with each other without human intervention. It uses sensors, wireless networks, and the internet to connect devices. There are four basic stages to most M2M applications: data collection, data transmission over a network, data assessment, and response to the available information. M2M has many applications including security, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and the automotive industry. In particular, vehicle-to-vehicle communication through technologies like DSRC can help avoid road accidents by warning drivers of dangerous conditions.
The slides defines IoT and show the differnce between M2M and IoT vision. It then describes the different layers that depicts the functional architecture of IoT, standard organizations and bodies and other IoT technology alliances, low power IoT protocols, IoT Platform components, and finally gives a short description to one of IoT low power application protocols (MQTT).
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). It provides examples of IoT in areas like smart agriculture, energy consumption, security, and healthcare. It then describes key enabling technologies for IoT like low-power devices, Bluetooth, and the need for open connectivity standards. The document also discusses the growth of the IoT market and applications of robotics. It then focuses on defining IIoT and comparing it to IoT and M2M. The document outlines requirements and benefits of IIoT like cloud computing, analytics, and improved efficiency. Real-life examples of IIoT in industries like aviation, oil and gas are also provided.
Performance trends and alerts with ThingSpeak IoTAnoush Najarian
We use data analysis and visualization capabilities of ThingSpeak, our favorite Internet of Things platform to capture and analyze performance data, to help with performance monitoring and to generate alerts
The document discusses sensors used in aircraft autopilot systems. An automatic flight control system uses various sensors to monitor speed, height, position, doors, obstacles, fuel and maneuvers. A computer receives data from these sensors, compares it to pre-designed values, and provides control signals to engines, flaps, and rudders to enable smooth autonomous flight. Sensors provide input to computers, which are the system's brains, and mechanics provide the outputs to control aircraft systems.
This document discusses embedded systems. It defines an embedded system as a microprocessor-based system designed to perform dedicated functions. Embedded systems are found in devices ranging from household appliances to spacecraft. The document discusses the history of embedded systems and how they have evolved from using microprocessors to typically using microcontrollers. It also discusses the hardware and software components of embedded systems as well as common programming languages. Examples of different types of embedded systems are provided.
1. Introduction to Embedded Systems & IoTIEEE MIU SB
This document provides an introduction to embedded systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines embedded systems as hardware and software components that perform dedicated tasks as part of larger machines. Embedded systems are designed for specific tasks without human intervention and must meet real-time performance constraints. Examples are given of embedded systems applications. It then discusses microprocessors versus microcontrollers. The document introduces Arduino, an open-source hardware and software platform used to build electronics projects, and describes its various components. It defines IoT as the network of physical objects embedded with electronics that collect and share data over the internet. Applications and evolution of IoT are briefly outlined.
M2M technology allows machines and devices to communicate with each other without human intervention. It uses sensors, wireless networks, and the internet to connect devices. There are four basic stages to most M2M applications: data collection, data transmission over a network, data assessment, and response to the available information. M2M has many applications including security, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, and the automotive industry. In particular, vehicle-to-vehicle communication through technologies like DSRC can help avoid road accidents by warning drivers of dangerous conditions.
The slides defines IoT and show the differnce between M2M and IoT vision. It then describes the different layers that depicts the functional architecture of IoT, standard organizations and bodies and other IoT technology alliances, low power IoT protocols, IoT Platform components, and finally gives a short description to one of IoT low power application protocols (MQTT).
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). It provides examples of IoT in areas like smart agriculture, energy consumption, security, and healthcare. It then describes key enabling technologies for IoT like low-power devices, Bluetooth, and the need for open connectivity standards. The document also discusses the growth of the IoT market and applications of robotics. It then focuses on defining IIoT and comparing it to IoT and M2M. The document outlines requirements and benefits of IIoT like cloud computing, analytics, and improved efficiency. Real-life examples of IIoT in industries like aviation, oil and gas are also provided.
Performance trends and alerts with ThingSpeak IoTAnoush Najarian
We use data analysis and visualization capabilities of ThingSpeak, our favorite Internet of Things platform to capture and analyze performance data, to help with performance monitoring and to generate alerts
It is a presentation for the Embedded System Basics. It will be very useful for the engineering students who need to know the basics of Embedded System.
This document discusses sensors and actuators in Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things. It defines sensors as devices that detect physical quantities and convert them into signals, and actuators as devices that convert energy signals into motion or force. It classifies sensors as passive or active, analog or digital, and scalar or vector. It also describes common sensor characteristics and classifications of actuators such as electric, fluid power, and manual linear and rotary actuators.
The document discusses the architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). It describes the IoT as a network of physical objects embedded with sensors that can collect and exchange data. The document outlines the history and development of IoT and describes its layered architecture which includes device, network, service, and application layers. It provides examples of current and potential IoT applications in various sectors and discusses security and privacy issues regarding connected devices.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects embedded with electronics, software, and sensors that allows objects to connect and exchange data over the internet. IoT creates opportunities to remotely sense and control objects across networks, improving efficiency. Things in IoT include devices like heart monitors, farm animal tags, sensors in cars, and environmental sensors. These devices collect data using technologies and autonomously share it. IoT requires connectivity between things, intelligence to interpret sensor data, and scalability to handle increased connections.
This document provides an overview of sensors. It defines a sensor as a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal. It gives examples of common sensors like infrared sensors used in hotels and taps, and photoelectric sensors used in street lights and automatic stairs. The document outlines the uses of sensors in various applications like cars, machines, aerospace, medicine and more. It concludes by describing ideal properties of sensors like being sensitive only to the measured property and not influencing it.
Applications of IOT (internet of things)Vinesh Gowda
Smart homes are a top Internet of Things application, with over $2.5 billion in funding for startups creating connected home devices. Wearable devices are also popular, including smart watches and glasses that can be worn on the wrist or head. Smart cities use Internet of Things sensors to manage infrastructure like traffic and utilities more efficiently. The smart grid uses automated sensors and analytics to deliver power more reliably and reduce costs and emissions. Industrial Internet of Things aims to improve business operations through connected machinery and analytics.
This document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in healthcare. It defines IoT as the network of physical devices embedded with sensors and software that can connect and exchange data. It estimates that there will be 30 billion IoT devices by 2020, with the global market value reaching $7.1 trillion. IoT allows remote monitoring of patients outside of clinical settings to increase access to care and reduce costs. Examples discussed are remote patient monitoring which can reduce mortality rates, emergency admissions, and costs, as well as emergency notification systems to alert about pending emergencies. A report found that healthcare IoT devices can save over $300 billion annually in the US healthcare system.
This document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) applications in agriculture. It defines IoT as the internetworking of physical devices that can transfer data over a network without human interaction. Key IoT applications in agriculture discussed include crop water management using soil moisture sensors, pest management using motion sensors, and precision agriculture. The document outlines an implemented method using Arduino, sensors, and wireless communication to monitor soil moisture levels and detect predator motion to send alerts and reduce crop damage while optimizing water usage.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands. It was created in 1994 by Ericsson to replace cables connecting devices like mobile phones, laptops, printers, and other electronic devices. Bluetooth allows for wireless connections between various devices to share information and transmit data wirelessly over short distances of around 10 meters. It uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum to handle interference and improve communication quality.
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system created by three group members. The system uses sensors to measure a patient's heartbeat and temperature, which are sent wirelessly to a monitoring center. The monitoring center allows for real-time analysis of the vital sign data and emergency alerts. The system aims to allow doctors to remotely monitor patients at low cost using embedded technology.
Sensors are devices that measure physical quantities and convert them into signals that can be read by observers or instruments. They are used in many applications from cars and machines to medicine and more. Sensors come in different types including optical sensors, which detect light, and biosensors, which are used in biomedical applications and detect biological components. The resolution of a sensor refers to the smallest change it can detect in the measured quantity.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as connecting physical objects to the internet to remotely monitor and control them. The document outlines key IoT technologies like communication, identification, sensing, and localization. It provides examples of IoT applications in various domains like environmental monitoring, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, building automation, and more. The document concludes that IoT represents the future evolution of the internet and has potential to change the world for the better if key stakeholders work together on common standards.
It is designed to measure the distance of any object by using an ultrasonic transducer. Ultrasonic means of distance measurement is a convenient method compared to traditional one using measurement scales.This kind of measurement is particularly applicable to inaccessible areas where traditional means cannot be implemented such as high temperature, pressure zones etc.
The document discusses various protocols and security aspects related to IoT. It provides details on protocols such as IEEE 802.15.4, BACnet, Modbus, KNX, Zigbee etc. It also outlines vulnerabilities in IoT like unauthorized access, information corruption, DoS attacks. Key elements of IoT security discussed are identity establishment, access control, data security, non-repudiation and availability. Security requirements and models for IoT are also mentioned.
This presentation introduces to the world of hardware everyone can use to get stated with Internet of Things (IoT) such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi and ESP8266.
This document outlines a temperature monitoring system that includes sensors to collect temperature data, transmit it to the cloud, and display it on a user dashboard. It allows users to control connected devices like fans from the dashboard. The system aims to provide an end-to-end solution for collecting sensor data and visualizing or acting on it remotely. It also discusses revenue models including freemium options and subscriptions, as well as future enhancements like integrating additional sensors and control capabilities.
This document discusses IoT sensor devices and their key components. It explains that IoT sensors need sensors, connectivity, a power supply, and optionally an MCU. A wide range of sensors and communication methods exist. Wireless connectivity options for connecting sensors to the internet are discussed, along with factors to consider like range, throughput, and power consumption. Power supply options for IoT sensors like batteries and energy harvesting are also covered. The document concludes that exciting opportunities exist in IoT as technologies improve and costs decrease, driving innovation.
Presentation Slide deck from the Ag gateway 2016 Emerging Technology forum. Covers LPWan, LoRa and IoT for agriculture. I enjoyed presenting on this topic and the lively discussions that followed. I expect to see interesting developments in IoT for Agriculture and LPWan will be a big part.
I am interested in speaking at technology events and would be able to give this or similar talk.
It is a presentation for the Embedded System Basics. It will be very useful for the engineering students who need to know the basics of Embedded System.
This document discusses sensors and actuators in Industry 4.0 and the Industrial Internet of Things. It defines sensors as devices that detect physical quantities and convert them into signals, and actuators as devices that convert energy signals into motion or force. It classifies sensors as passive or active, analog or digital, and scalar or vector. It also describes common sensor characteristics and classifications of actuators such as electric, fluid power, and manual linear and rotary actuators.
The document discusses the architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). It describes the IoT as a network of physical objects embedded with sensors that can collect and exchange data. The document outlines the history and development of IoT and describes its layered architecture which includes device, network, service, and application layers. It provides examples of current and potential IoT applications in various sectors and discusses security and privacy issues regarding connected devices.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects embedded with electronics, software, and sensors that allows objects to connect and exchange data over the internet. IoT creates opportunities to remotely sense and control objects across networks, improving efficiency. Things in IoT include devices like heart monitors, farm animal tags, sensors in cars, and environmental sensors. These devices collect data using technologies and autonomously share it. IoT requires connectivity between things, intelligence to interpret sensor data, and scalability to handle increased connections.
This document provides an overview of sensors. It defines a sensor as a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal. It gives examples of common sensors like infrared sensors used in hotels and taps, and photoelectric sensors used in street lights and automatic stairs. The document outlines the uses of sensors in various applications like cars, machines, aerospace, medicine and more. It concludes by describing ideal properties of sensors like being sensitive only to the measured property and not influencing it.
Applications of IOT (internet of things)Vinesh Gowda
Smart homes are a top Internet of Things application, with over $2.5 billion in funding for startups creating connected home devices. Wearable devices are also popular, including smart watches and glasses that can be worn on the wrist or head. Smart cities use Internet of Things sensors to manage infrastructure like traffic and utilities more efficiently. The smart grid uses automated sensors and analytics to deliver power more reliably and reduce costs and emissions. Industrial Internet of Things aims to improve business operations through connected machinery and analytics.
This document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in healthcare. It defines IoT as the network of physical devices embedded with sensors and software that can connect and exchange data. It estimates that there will be 30 billion IoT devices by 2020, with the global market value reaching $7.1 trillion. IoT allows remote monitoring of patients outside of clinical settings to increase access to care and reduce costs. Examples discussed are remote patient monitoring which can reduce mortality rates, emergency admissions, and costs, as well as emergency notification systems to alert about pending emergencies. A report found that healthcare IoT devices can save over $300 billion annually in the US healthcare system.
This document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) applications in agriculture. It defines IoT as the internetworking of physical devices that can transfer data over a network without human interaction. Key IoT applications in agriculture discussed include crop water management using soil moisture sensors, pest management using motion sensors, and precision agriculture. The document outlines an implemented method using Arduino, sensors, and wireless communication to monitor soil moisture levels and detect predator motion to send alerts and reduce crop damage while optimizing water usage.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands. It was created in 1994 by Ericsson to replace cables connecting devices like mobile phones, laptops, printers, and other electronic devices. Bluetooth allows for wireless connections between various devices to share information and transmit data wirelessly over short distances of around 10 meters. It uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum to handle interference and improve communication quality.
This document describes an IoT-based health monitoring system created by three group members. The system uses sensors to measure a patient's heartbeat and temperature, which are sent wirelessly to a monitoring center. The monitoring center allows for real-time analysis of the vital sign data and emergency alerts. The system aims to allow doctors to remotely monitor patients at low cost using embedded technology.
Sensors are devices that measure physical quantities and convert them into signals that can be read by observers or instruments. They are used in many applications from cars and machines to medicine and more. Sensors come in different types including optical sensors, which detect light, and biosensors, which are used in biomedical applications and detect biological components. The resolution of a sensor refers to the smallest change it can detect in the measured quantity.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as connecting physical objects to the internet to remotely monitor and control them. The document outlines key IoT technologies like communication, identification, sensing, and localization. It provides examples of IoT applications in various domains like environmental monitoring, transportation, healthcare, manufacturing, building automation, and more. The document concludes that IoT represents the future evolution of the internet and has potential to change the world for the better if key stakeholders work together on common standards.
It is designed to measure the distance of any object by using an ultrasonic transducer. Ultrasonic means of distance measurement is a convenient method compared to traditional one using measurement scales.This kind of measurement is particularly applicable to inaccessible areas where traditional means cannot be implemented such as high temperature, pressure zones etc.
The document discusses various protocols and security aspects related to IoT. It provides details on protocols such as IEEE 802.15.4, BACnet, Modbus, KNX, Zigbee etc. It also outlines vulnerabilities in IoT like unauthorized access, information corruption, DoS attacks. Key elements of IoT security discussed are identity establishment, access control, data security, non-repudiation and availability. Security requirements and models for IoT are also mentioned.
This presentation introduces to the world of hardware everyone can use to get stated with Internet of Things (IoT) such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi and ESP8266.
This document outlines a temperature monitoring system that includes sensors to collect temperature data, transmit it to the cloud, and display it on a user dashboard. It allows users to control connected devices like fans from the dashboard. The system aims to provide an end-to-end solution for collecting sensor data and visualizing or acting on it remotely. It also discusses revenue models including freemium options and subscriptions, as well as future enhancements like integrating additional sensors and control capabilities.
This document discusses IoT sensor devices and their key components. It explains that IoT sensors need sensors, connectivity, a power supply, and optionally an MCU. A wide range of sensors and communication methods exist. Wireless connectivity options for connecting sensors to the internet are discussed, along with factors to consider like range, throughput, and power consumption. Power supply options for IoT sensors like batteries and energy harvesting are also covered. The document concludes that exciting opportunities exist in IoT as technologies improve and costs decrease, driving innovation.
Presentation Slide deck from the Ag gateway 2016 Emerging Technology forum. Covers LPWan, LoRa and IoT for agriculture. I enjoyed presenting on this topic and the lively discussions that followed. I expect to see interesting developments in IoT for Agriculture and LPWan will be a big part.
I am interested in speaking at technology events and would be able to give this or similar talk.
This document provides a preview for a Certified IoT Specialist course. The 3-day course will cover IoT fundamentals and ecosystems on day 1, IoT cloud and analytics on day 2, and IoT security and opportunities on day 3. Students will learn about IoT definitions, architectures, protocols, sensors, platforms, and applications. The course is aimed at professionals across various IT and business roles. Assessment includes a 1-hour multiple choice exam with a passing score of 70% to receive the CIoTS certification. The course will help students understand this emerging technology domain and prepare for careers working with IoT systems and solutions.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as connecting various devices through wireless networks. Key points discussed include:
- IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure.
- Challenges include lack of standardization, addressing billions of devices, and handling new network traffic patterns from sensors.
- Middleware is needed to process data from sensors and enable applications. Example applications discussed are in healthcare, transportation, and smart homes.
IoT is a demand of 21st century. Being a part IoT can enhance one's productivity or provide ease of access to the people, who actually needs, else a lavish life to a lazy one too.
In this presentation, u can get a breif idea of what IoT is and can be implemented to life.
The document discusses opportunities and challenges presented by the Internet of Things (IoT). It describes how the IoT allows machines, people, and cloud services to connect via the internet to enable new applications and business models. However, realizing the full potential of the IoT faces challenges around connectivity, power management, security, complexity, and sensing that require innovative solutions. Texas Instruments' strategy is to provide a full range of IoT building blocks and work with partners to make the IoT accessible to everyone.
This document discusses challenges related to deploying Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. It outlines the layered IoT architecture and highlights design challenges at each layer including sensor selection, gateway selection, connectivity options, and IoT cloud platforms. Deployment challenges such as scalability, security, and dealing with heterogeneous and high-volume IoT data are also examined. The document emphasizes that securing IoT solutions requires an integrated approach across devices, networks, systems and users.
This document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and applications. It begins by describing enabling technologies like open source platforms, wireless connectivity, cheap sensors and processors, and big data/cloud computing. It then discusses common IoT applications in areas like wearables, e-health, smart homes/offices, industry, and environment. The document also provides an overview of typical IoT architectures, components, communication protocols, operating systems, and development tools and platforms. It concludes with examples of IoT demo applications and a proposed step-by-step approach for learning and developing IoT systems.
Topic: Augmented Internet of Things
Speaker: Francois Guibert (Executive Vice President and President, Greater China and South Asia Region STMicroeletronics)
Introduction to IoT & Project IoT FieldMario Kušek
This document provides an introduction to Internet of Things (IoT) and discusses a project called IoT Field. It defines IoT as connecting physical objects to the internet and processing data from sensors. The number of IoT connected devices is growing rapidly and being used in many applications like smart homes, cities, retail and more. The document discusses challenges of IoT like security, privacy, scalability and interoperability. It also covers networking technologies used for IoT like IEEE 802.15.4, LoRaWAN, Sigfox and how they enable long range communication with low power consumption.
IoT Connectivity: The Technical & PotentialAndri Yadi
I had a chance to deliver a talk in Huawei Tech Day 2017 at University of Indonesia. I used this slide to discuss the connectivity options in IoT, from the technical perspective, while also discussed a bit of the potential.
This presentation about LoRaWan was held at #sitfra SAPInsideTrack Frankfurt and shows
- LoRaWan basics,
- current IoT plan in Heidelberg & Rhein Neckar region and
- guidance on how to setup your public IoT effort.
This document provides an overview of IoT (Internet of Things), including defining IoT, describing its benefits and applications, reviewing market forecasts, identifying the pillars and infrastructure of IoT, examining underlying technologies like sensors and connectivity standards, exploring challenges, and recommending strategies for success. Key topics covered include defining IoT as the interconnection of people, processes, data and things via devices connected to the internet; analyzing market forecasts with over 200 billion connected devices by 2020 and $1.3 trillion market value; and identifying security, expertise shortages, and standards as major challenges.
This document discusses distributed edge computing for internet-of-things applications. It describes Tata Consultancy Services and their innovation labs. It outlines the need for analytics in IoT applications to sense, extract, analyze, respond, and learn from large amounts of sensor data. Challenges include the high computing requirements and need to distribute load to edge devices. The solution approach discusses using agent-based grid computing with a common framework to distribute jobs to diverse edge devices. Communication optimizations and use of lightweight protocols are needed. A scheduler like CONDOR is useful for job matching and scaling across heterogeneous edge devices.
This document discusses enabling open markets for services in the Web of Things by using open standards. It notes that most value will come from services, not just sensors, and that standards are key to breaking down product silos and allowing third parties to add value. The document outlines several technologies relevant to the Web of Things and Internet of Things, and proposes establishing a W3C Web of Things Interest Group to further standards efforts in areas like security, data models, and service composition.
This document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as connecting physical devices to the internet and each other. The document outlines the history and evolution of IoT from RFID tags to current connectivity of devices. It describes common IoT applications, communication protocols like Bluetooth and WiFi, and challenges around data standards. Finally, it discusses the logical design of IoT systems including functional blocks, communication models, and application programming interfaces.
The document discusses designing an IoT gateway with security protection. It describes how an IoT gateway can connect various devices like sensors and actuators to the cloud using different wireless protocols. It highlights that information security is a key concern for IoT gateways. The document then provides an overview of the TM4C microcontroller family from Texas Instruments that can be used to build a secure IoT gateway reference design. It describes the various security features that can be implemented using the microcontrollers and software libraries to protect connected assets.
This document discusses key elements of IoT including common devices used in IoT (Raspberry Pi, Arduino), sensing technologies (Bluetooth, Zigbee, RFID, WiFi), power sources, data management, and challenges in IoT like design, development, security and other challenges. It provides details on Raspberry Pi, sensors and actuators, communication standards like Zigbee and RFID, and gateways. Examples of IoT applications are also mentioned.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
2. Agenda
● What hardware is needed for IoT systems?
● What are IoT Sensor Devices (“The Things”)?
● What are sensors used for?
● How are sensors connected to internet?
● How are IoT sensors powered?
3. About Roman Staszewski and Zenseio
● The founder and CEO of
Zenseio since 2014
● Expertise in embedded
hardware and systems
● Previously, Distinguished
Member of Technical Staff at
Texas Instruments for over 20
years
● Zenseio versatile IoT Sensor Platform
for rapid prototyping and industrial
deployments
● Consulting and custom engagements
4. What hardware is needed for IoT systems?
IoT Sensor Devices
Edge Devices/
Gateways/
Base Stations
Wi-Fi
LPWAN
Cellular
Zigbee/
Thread
BLE
IP
Network
Iridium
5. What are IoT Sensor Devices (“The Things”)?
● IoT Sensors are sensors that connect to
internet
● 3 required functions:
○ Sensors
○ Connectivity
○ Power Supply
○ MCU is a helpful support function
● There are thousands of different sensors
● There are hundreds of different
communication methods
● There are hundreds of power supply options
● Diversity, low power, RF, and low cost make
IoT Sensors difficult to implement
Source: Aeris Communications
7. What Are Sensors Used For?
● Sense and measure physical
quantities, and convert them into
digital representation
● Not only (super)human-like
senses
● But, everything else worth
measuring
● Not only our world’s digital
nervous system
● But, eventually, digital mirror of
our world
Source: Harbor Research
8. Example - How Sensors are Used … Today
Source: Yole Developpement
9. What drives sensors progress?
1. MEMS -
Micro-Electro-Mechanical
Systems
a. Digital friendly
b. Versatile
c. Precise
d. Small
e. Low power
2. Consumer electronics created
economies of scale to reduce
costs
3. IoT benefits from MEMS and
economies of scale will further
slash costs & increase capability
Source: MEMS Journal
IoT
10. Future Sensor Trends
● More sensors
○ MEMS
○ Imagers
○ Electro-Magnetic
○ Biochemical
● … For everything
● Cheaper
● Smaller
● More power efficient
● Easier to use
But, know-how about sensor
properties is vitally more
important :)
12. How are sensors connected to internet?
● Plethora of connectivity
options with various
characteristics
● Wireless is the key enabler
● Pushing power/cost/range
capabilities, so always many
tradeoffs to consider and to
compromise on
● Applications drive the
connectivity choice
Source: Harbor Research
13. How to Select Communication Technology
Source: Infiswift
Solution cost (Capex+Opex)
Time to market
Ease of use / support model
Risk factors
● Range & Throughput
● Interoperability
● Power consumption
● Size
Technology Business
Application
Requirements
15. Cellular IoT Strategy (Licensed Spectrum)
● NB-IoT and EC-GSM
● Matching range and low power
to unlicensed LPWAN
● Late to market compared to
unlicensed LPWAN
● Will be more expensive to
operate
○ Need to pay for spectrum license
○ And, for network certifications
● But, will provide better QoS and
scalability
● And, possibly better longevity
with more big suppliers
Source: Qualcomm
17. Energy Harvesting
● Sensors, radios, and MCU’s are
becoming very power efficient
● Low cost power management
technology is already here
● Battery technology is improving too
● Powering IoT Sensors from
harvested ambient energy sources is
feasible in intermittent operation
● Typical ambient energy sources
○ Light
○ Thermal
○ Motion/vibration
○ EM fields
19. Exciting Times for IoT !!!
● IoT Sensors & Cloud - fundamental enablers for IoT
● Wireless/sensor/power/compute technologies
becoming good enough & improving
● Entering virtuous circle
○ Increased capabilities / Cost reduction
○ Business (and not only) benefits
○ Investment
○ Innovation
● Driving the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0)
● Unprecedented, once-in-a-lifetime opportunities
● Still early stages - best time to get in