IoT in Mechanical Engineering

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PC :https://teksun.com/blog/iot-solutions-connectivity-revolution-in-the-automotive-sector/
gattirathish@gmail.com

1.IoT Concepts – Mechanical Perspective
2.Mechanical Engineering in IoT Devices
3.IoT in Mechanical Engineering Applications
AGENDA
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IoT Layers
https://www.altexsoft.com/blog/iot-architecture-layers-components/
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What is IoT?
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Focus of Electronics and Mechanical Engineers : Perception layer: converting analog signals into digital data
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Sensors
Actuators
Machine/Device
External Stimuli
Motor RPM
Harley-Davidson Livewire
CPU
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https://www.carandbike.com/harley-davidson-bikes/livewire

Sensors Actuators
Machine/Device [ Stand-alone]
External Stimuli Basic CPU
Sensors Actuators
Machine/Device[IoT Ready ]
External Stimuli
Advanced
CPU
Antenna
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HD bike Server
Local Dirt bike
Server
V2V
V2G
Dirt bike Crashing
Game
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Orange car to Orange car
Orange car to Orange Server
Orange Server to Orange Gamer HMI
V2I
V2V
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https://www.pcgamesn.com/rocket-league/rocket-league-tips

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
Vehicle-to-Server (V2S)
Vehicle-to-X (V2X)
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(Highest Integration)
PC : https://www.counterpointresearch.com/connected-car-data-shaping-automotive-industry/

Role of mechanical engineering in IoT
In Design of IoT Devices
1. IoT Device packaging
2. Minimizing energy consumption of IoT devices
3. Design of electronic cooling systems for IoT devices
In Deployment of IoT
1.Design and Integration of IoT devices into physical systems.
2.Sensor Selection and Placement
3.Data Acquisition and Analysis from IoT devices
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Form Factor and Size Optimization
Mechanical engineers consider the overall size, shape, and aesthetics
of the IoT device enclosure. They ensure that the packaging design is
compact and fits the required electronic components, sensors, and
connectivity modules while meeting functional and aesthetic
requirements.
Design for EP and Regulatories
Mechanical engineers design the packaging to provide adequate
protection against environmental factors such as dust, moisture,
temperature variations, and physical impacts. They consider factors like
IP (Ingress Protection) ratings to ensure the device operates reliably in
different environments.
▪ IP (Ingress Protection) Ratings
▪ RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)
▪ WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)
▪ REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and
Restriction of Chemicals)
▪ UL (Underwriters Laboratories)
▪ ISO 14001: ISO 14001 (ISO for EMS)
▪ EPEAT (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool)
Raspberry Pi form factor versions
PCB Design FF Optimize
Enclosure Design
FF Optimize
Min(L)
Min(H)
Min(B)
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Structural Integrity
Mechanical engineers ensure that the packaging design provides
sufficient structural integrity to protect the internal components and
withstand mechanical stresses during handling, transportation, and
operation. They consider factors such as material selection,
reinforcement techniques, and appropriate fastening methods to
ensure durability and reliability.
Thermal Management
IoT devices generate heat during operation, and mechanical engineers
design the packaging to facilitate effective thermal management. They
consider factors such as heat sinks, ventilation, and thermal insulation to
prevent overheating and ensure optimal performance and longevity of the
device.
PC: https://www.mechsol.com/case-study/shock-and-vibration-finite-element-
analysis-of-a-printed-circuit-board/
PC: https://www.1-act.com/markets/power-electronics/
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Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding
Mechanical engineers design the packaging to provide electromagnetic
shielding to minimize electromagnetic interference and protect the internal
electronics from external electromagnetic sources. They use materials with
appropriate shielding properties and ensure proper grounding techniques to
maintain signal integrity.
User Interface Integration
Mechanical engineers integrate user interfaces, such as buttons, switches,
displays, and connectors, into the packaging design. They consider factors
like ergonomic placement, ease of use, and accessibility while ensuring
these interfaces are seamlessly integrated with the enclosure.
PC: https://www.harwin.com/blog/emc-emi-shielding-explained/ https://www.keepitusable.com/human-machine-interface
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Mounting and Installation
Mechanical engineers design the packaging to facilitate easy mounting and
installation of the IoT device in various applications. They consider factors
like mounting brackets, connectors, and interfaces to ensure compatibility
with different mounting options and configurations.
Serviceability and Maintenance
Mechanical engineers design the packaging to allow for easy access and
serviceability of internal components during maintenance or repairs. They
consider factors like removable panels, modular design, and tool-less access
to enable efficient servicing and minimize downtime.
PC: https://www.machinedesign.com/automation-iiot/sensors/article/21834290/sensor-mounting-considerations
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Manufacturing Considerations
Mechanical engineers optimize the packaging design for ease of manufacturing, assembly, and cost-effectiveness. They
consider factors like manufacturability, material selection, production processes, and component integration to ensure
efficient and scalable production of the IoT device.
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PC: https://www.leemah.com/capabilities/printed-circuit-board-assembly-thumb/

2. Minimizing energy consumption of IoT devices
Data
rate
Energy
Consumption
Solution 1 : Generate More Energy
Solution 2 : Spend Less Energy
ULP /LP components - Design for less
energy consumption like low-power
components, Cooling of Power electronic
devices by air, water, coolant.
Energy Harvesting
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https://www.analog.com/en/technical-articles/microgen-s-piezo-mems-vibration-
energy-harvesters-enable-linear-technology-smartmesh-ip-wireless.html
https://toshiba.semicon-storage.com/eu/semiconductor/design-
development/referencedesign/detail.RD229.html

3. Electronic Cooling of IoT devices
https://www.javelin-tech.com/3d/technology/solidworks-electronic-cooling/
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https://data-flair.training/blogs/industrial-iot-applications/
IoT in Manufacturing – Operational Intelligence
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Remote Condition Monitoring (RCM) - Maintenance
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Autonomous vehicle Design
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Defence Design
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https://www.computer.org/publications/tech-news/research/internet-of-military-battlefield-things-iomt-iobt

Medical Devices Design
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https://www.tomsonelectronics.com/blogs/news/iot-in-healthcare

Logistics
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https://www.sam-solutions.com/blog/iot-in-logistics/

THANK YOU ☺
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IoT in Mechanical Engineering

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