This document provides an overview of sociolinguistics, including its definition, history, key concepts, methodologies, and subfields of micro-sociolinguistics and macro-sociolinguistics. Sociolinguistics is defined as the study of how society and language interact and influence each other. It was first developed in the 19th century and pioneered by William Labov in the 1960s. Key concepts discussed include speech communities, prestige of varieties, social networks, and the differences between internal and external language. Methodologies include analyzing language variation across styles from formal to casual. Micro-sociolinguistics examines dialect and register variation while macro-sociolinguistics takes a broader comparative approach studying
Lecture 1st-Introduction to Discourse Analysis._023928.pptxGoogle
Introduction to discourse analysis
What is discourse?
What is discourse Analysis?
Paradigms in linguistics
Cohesion and Coherense
Types of written discourse
Types of spoken discourse
Text and discourse
Scope of discourse analysis
Lecture 1st-Introduction to Discourse Analysis._023928.pptxGoogle
Introduction to discourse analysis
What is discourse?
What is discourse Analysis?
Paradigms in linguistics
Cohesion and Coherense
Types of written discourse
Types of spoken discourse
Text and discourse
Scope of discourse analysis
English language teaching- "Sociolinguistic"Rinkal Jani
I m Rinkal jani student of Department of English from MK Bhavnagar University, here i am sharing my presentation on English language teaching and my topic is “Sociolinguistics’ It is a part of my Academic activity.
language variation and change Presentation1.pptxDESTAWWAGNEW
The Concept of Language Variation and Change
What language variation and change share in common
How Does Language Change?
Labov’s Principles and
types of language variation
Geographical variation
Social variation
contextual variation
Bi/multilingualism
Speech Accommodation
Gender
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A detailed ppp on Marxist Theory/Literary theory . This presentation can help the students a lot to know the basic concepts and detail structure of the Theory.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
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Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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1. What is sociolinguistics?
Major Terms in Sociolinguistics
What is Sociolinguistics Analysis?
Example of Sociolinguistics
Micro-Sociolinguistics
Macro-Sociolinguistics
INTRODUCTION2
SOCIOLINGUISTICS
2. SOCIOLINGUISTICS- A STUDY OF
LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY
• Sociolinguistics is made up of two words “socio”
means society and “linguistics” means scientific
study of language, so it studies;
i. How society affects language?
ii. How language affects society?
The interaction between the two creates changes in
language and the way we use language. So, it is the
study of language in its social context.
3. WILLIAM LABOV
• Sociolinguistics was first developed in 19th
century an appeared in 1960. it was pioneered
by William Labov in U.S.A . He is regarded as
the father of variationist sociolinguistics, which
is a discipline dedicated to understanding and
researching languages in relation to social
factors that include region, race , class, and
gender.
4. MAIN CONCEPTS
• Speech Community:
Discrete group of people who use language in a
unique and mutually accepted way among
themselves is called speech community.(
urdu/English)
• High and Low Prestige:
Speech habits are assigned a positive or a
negative value which is then applied to the
speaker.( Urdu/ English)
5. • Social NETWORK:
Social network refer to a particular speech community in terms of
relations between individual members in a community.( which social
group and with whom is interaction)
• I-Language And E-Language:
• I-Language:
• All which happens inside our minds is known as I-Language. Internal
language applies to the study of syntax and sementics in language on
the abstract level.
• E-Language :
All that happens among people in social contexts is called External
Language. It applies to the language in social context.i.e behavioral
habit shared by the community.
6. METHODOLOGY IN SOCIOLINGUISTICS
There are five different style ranging from formal to casual.
• Word List Reading:
Having a subject read, the word list will elicit a formal register but
generally not as formal as minimal pair.
• Reading passage Style:
This style is next down on the formal register.
• Interview Style:
It is when an interviewer can finally get into eliciting a more
casual speech from the subject.
7. • Casual Style:
Tis type of speech is more difficult if not impossible to elicit
because of the observer’s paradox.
• Contact Language or Contact Linguistics:
Language contact occurs when two or more languages or
varieties interact. The study of language contact is called
contact Linguistics.
• Borrowing of Vocabulary:
The most common way through which languages influence
each other is by exchange of words.
8. • Adoption of other Language Features:
The influence can go deeper extendingto even exchanging basic
characteristics of a language such as morphology and grammar.
• Language Shift:
The results of the contact of two languages can be the
replacement of one by other(supra_srtatum over substratum)
• Stratal Influence:
When the people retain the features of substratum as they learn
the new language and pass these features on to their children ,
leading to development of a new variety.
• Pidginization And Creolization:
9. MICRO SOCIOLINGUISTICS
• As a linguistics dimension of society. It refers to research with
linguistics slant, often focusing on dialect and stylistic register
variation.
• Register: It refers to the variety of a language used in a particular
social setting or for particular reason.
• Micro Sociolinguistics refers to research with a linguistics
perception.
• It discusses phonological differences between dialact and
discourse variation between male and female speakers.
• It is driven with qualitative.
• MICRO Sociolinguistics in narrow sense is the study of language
in relation to society.
10. MACRO SOCIOLINGUISTICS
It looks at the behaviorsof entire speech communication
exploring issues such as why immigrant communities
retain their native language in some context but not in
others.
According to Coulmas;
Linguistics Dimension of society
It is a part of L2(SECOND LANGUAGE)
11. • Macro- Sociolinguistics focuses as social factors.
• It interactions berween language and dialact.
• Stabilization of minority language.
• It is the study of language in relation to society and
culture in comparative sense.
