Introduction to Web Terminology

Intro to Web
Terminology
Nicole C. Engard
nengard@gmail.com
http://web2learning.net

Monday, May 10, 2010

Outline

History of the Web
Web Terminology Deﬁnitions
Resource to Learn More


History of the Web
1990s
Web 1.0
The introduction of personal web pages
Blinking images and static content
HTML used to create pages
Webpages managed by the experts


History of the Web
2000-2009
Web 2.0
Blogs, Podcasting and Content Management
Systems
Personal webpages use CSS
The power of creating pages is transferred to
the masses
Community and collaboration


History of the Web
2010?
Web 3.0
Semantic web
Cloud computing
No more email...
Microformats http://blogs.nesta.org.uk/innovation/2007/07/the-future-is-s.html

And more of the same from Web 2.0


What does it all
mean?


HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
The language used to create web pages
Made of up ‘tags’ which tell the browser how to
display the text on the screen
ex. <h1>make this text a heading</h1>
ex. <p>display as a paragraph</p>

Learn HTML: http://www.w3schools.com/html/


CSS
Cascading Style Sheets
Used in conjunction with HTML to deﬁne styles
for the page text and layout
ex. <h1 style=”text-align:center;”>center this
heading</h1>
ex. <p style=”font-style:italic;”>this paragraph
is in italics</p>
Learn CSS: http://www.w3schools.com/css/


Blog
Short for ‘web log’
Blogs are web journals, with updates daily,
monthly, or anywhere in between
While often considered ‘journals’ blogs don’t
always cover personal topics
Many companies and libraries now have blogs
to deliver news and industry updates
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NN2I1pWXjXI


CMS
Content Management System
A tool used to assist in the creation of a website
Usually provides tools for those who are
unfamiliar with HTML and CSS to create
professional looking webpages
Popular tools include Joomla & Drupal


Wiki

Hawaiian word for ‘quick’
A website that anyone (depending on your
settings) can edit
Often used in organizations that are spread out to
allow multiple people to edit and add content

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dnL00TdmLY


What’s the Difference?
Blog CMS Wiki

several types of
regular updates updated by many
content

content organized can include blogs
history of edits
by date & wikis

manage entire good for shared
news delivery
website projects


Podcasting

Series of voice recordings
Like a radio show for the web
Has some sort of regularity to it - once a
month, once a week, some other
schedule

http://www.libsuccess.org/index.php?title=Podcasting


RSS Feeds
Real Simple Syndication
Originally used to syndicate content across
multiple sites - like in the newspaper
Now used as a way to deliver updates
Can be used to events calendars, news, new
content, anything that updates regularly
Need an Aggregator or Feed Reader to read
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0klgLsSxGsU


Semantic Web
To many, Web 3.0 is something called the Semantic
Web, a term coined by Tim Berners-Lee.

The Semantic Web is a place where machines can
read Web pages much as we humans read them, a
place where search engines and software agents can
better troll the Net and ﬁnd what we're looking for.

"It's a set of standards that turns the Web into one big
database," says Nova Spivack, CEO of Radar
Networks, one of the leading voices of this new-age
Internet.
http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2102852,00.asp


Microformats
Designed for humans ﬁrst and machines second,
microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built
upon existing and widely adopted standards (HTML & XML)

Operator is an extension for Firefox that adds the ability to
interact with semantic data on web pages, including
microformats

The Operator plugin tries to bring the power of
microformats to the average user

http://microformats.org/about
http://mashups.web2learning.net/toc/chapter-3


Cloud Computing
The term cloud computing probably comes from
(at least partly) the use of a cloud image to
represent the Internet.
Often used in conjunction with ‘software as a
service’ or SaaS
An example of this would be Google Docs and/or
Zoho ofﬁce. Both the applications and the data are
stored out in the cloud.
http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/node/579826
http://techsoupforlibraries.org/blog/what-is-cloud-computing-and-how-will-it-affect-libraries


More Terminology


Mashups
A web application that uses content from more
than one source to create a single new service
displayed in a single graphical interface.
The term “mashup” originally comes from pop
music, where people seamlessly combine music
from one song with the vocal track from another
thereby mashing them together to create
something new
http://mashups.web2learning.net/


Tagging
Tags are keywords used by people to categorize
content they care about
Tags are free form - not based on a controlled
vocabulary
Tags are often displayed in Tag Clouds which are
bundles of tags with the most common words in
the largest fonts
Successful examples include: Flickr and
LibraryThing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=42sSTPU5M-Y


Micro-Blogging

Blogging in 140 characters or less
Usually used for quick status updates or to share
short links with colleagues
Common micro-blogging tools include Twitter &
Identi.ca

http://www.commoncraft.com/twitter
http://www.commoncraft.com/twitter-search


Social Networking
A way to network with friends, family & colleagues
online
Help people discover new friends or colleagues by
showing shared interests, related skills or a
common location
Popular sites
Facebook - personal (pictures, games) and
professional (groups, business pages)
LinkedIn - professional (resumes, job hunting)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6a_KF7TYKVc


IM
Instant Messaging
A way to send text messages over the Internet in
real time
Easy way to have a typed conversation
Popular platforms include: AOL IM, Yahoo!
Messenger, Google Talk, and Windows Live
Messenger


VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol
The ability to communicate as you would over
the phone over the Internet
Popular VoIP tools include Skype (free & pay),
Google Voice (free) and Vonage (pay)
Require that you have high speed Internet
and a microphone (or phone handset)


OpenID
A web standard that can be used for user
authentication
A single sign-on that lets you control what info
you give to new sites
Requires that you sign up with an OpenID login
provider

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xcmY8Pk-qEk
http://www.slideshare.net/webgoddess/open-id-471055


Widget or Badge
A widget or a badge is simply a bit of code you
can copy to your website to pull content from
another site
Many social sites allow for the creation of a
widget or a badge
Facebook: facebook.com/facebook-widgets/
Flickr: ﬂickr.com/badge.gne
Twitter: twitter.com/goodies/widgets


Creative Commons

The Creative Commons License is a new idea of
content licensing
Allows for content creators to allow others to take
their content and reuse and/or remix it
Many different licenses to choose from depending
on what you want done with your content

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWxyx5iYdvI


Avatar

An avatar is a visualization of you on the
web
Can simply be a headshot
Sometimes your avatar can be a caricature
of yourself

http://mashable.com/2007/09/12/avatars/


PHP/Perl/Ruby/AJAX
Popular programming languages
PHP/Perl/Ruby on Rails
Used in the development of web-based
applications
AJAX
Used to make dynamic websites where
content can be moved around by dragging &
dropping


Keep Learning


Web 2.0 Titles


Library 2.0 Books


More to Read

Covers the history of
crowdsourcing and how to use
it in your business/library
crowdsourcing.typepad.com/


More to Read

Talks about how products and
companies are being
organized by the power of the
people instead of the
traditional hierarchy
shirky.com/herecomeseverybody/


More to Read

Learn more about the digital
natives and how they use
technology
http://borndigitalbook.com


More to Read
Check out this series of
Web 3.0 presentations
compiled by Digital
Inspiration
Web 3.0 Concepts
Explained in Plain
English

labnol.org/internet/web-3-concepts-explained/8908/


Thank You
Nicole C. Engard
nengard@gmail.com

Slides: http://web2learning.net >
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