Research methodology

1. INTRODUCTION
TO
RESEARCH
By:
Dr. Baljeet Kaur
MPT (Neurology), Ph.D Scholar
Associate Professor
I.T.S Institute of Health & Allied Sciences

2. What is Research?
 Research- Two Syllables: Re + Search Meaning again a new or
over again searching carefully
 Grinnell- Research is a structured enquiry that utilizes acceptable
scientific methodology to solve problems and create new
knowledge that is generally applicable.
 Burns defines research as a systematic investigation to find
answers to a problem.
 Kerlinger- Scientific research is a systematic, controlled empirical
and critical investigation of propositions about the presumed
relationships about various phenomenon.

3. Characteristics of Research:
In order to qualify as research the process must contain following
characteristics:
It should be:
 Controlled
 Rigorous
 Systematic
 Valid and Verifiable
 Empirical

4. Classification of Research:
1) Application based Classification:
 Pure and Applied
2) Objectives based Classification:
 Exploratory
 Descriptive
 Correlational
 Experimental
3) Inquiry mode Classification:
 Quantitative Research and Qualitative Research

5. What is Scientific Method?
 Scientific method aims at discovering facts as they are in reality.
 Scientific method is concerned with ‘Classes of objects’ and not
‘individual objects’.
 Scientific method is objective in nature.
 Scientific method makes it possible to make predictions about
the phenomenon.
 It is systematic observation, classification and interpretation of
data.

6. Steps in Undertaking Research
 Formulation of Research Problem
 Literature Review
 Developing Research Questions and formulating Research
Objectives
 Conceptualizing Research Design
 Constructing Hypothesis
 Universe and Sampling Design
 Constructing the instrument of data collection
 Data processing and Analysis
 Report Writing

9. Why research is important for
physiotherapist
 a study done in 2013 evelauated this with - three system levels supporting the participant’s
use of research
 in clinical practice
 at the individual level (attitudes and motivation concerning research use; research-related
knowledge and skills
 at the workplace level (leadership support; organizational culture; research-related
resources; knowledge exchange)
 at the extra-organizational level (evidence-based practice guidelines; external meetings,
networks, and conferences; academic research and education).
 Most importantly at patient level (for defining diagnosis, new assessment techniques,
management techniques, to introduce noval treatment etc.)
Dannapfel P, Peolsson A, Nilsen P. What supports physiotherapists' use of research in clinical practice? A
qualitative study in Sweden. Implement Sci. 2013 Mar 14;8:31. doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-8-31. PMID: 23497502;
PMCID: PMC3610206

10. Databases used by physiotherapist for
article search
 Google scholar
 Pubmed
 Scopus
 Web of science
 Cochrane library
 Pedro database
 …..and many more

11. THANK YOU