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Qualitative Research Papers
1. Qualitative Research Papers
Paper (i) is a syntheses. A syntheses is a summary based on rigorous searches for evidence, explicit scientific reviews of the studies uncovered in
the search, and systematic assembly of the evidence to provide a clear signal about the effects of the specific healthcare intervention. (Haynes, B.,
2001). Paper (ii) is a synopses. A synopses should provide exactly enough information to support a clinical action, it should be clear but concise.
(Haynes, B., 2001). Paper (iii) is a study. 2)What type of paper is each (eg evidenceâbased abstract, systematic review or primary study)? (12%) Paper
(i) is a systematic review Paper (ii) is an evidence based abstract Paper (iii) is a primary study. 3)Compare how the scope differs for each paper: (a)How
many studies were examined? Paper (i) 7 studies were examined. Paper (ii) 7 studies were examined. Paper (iii) 19 studies were examined. (b)How
many outcome measures were considered? Paper (i) 18 outcomes were considered. Paper (ii) 7 outcomes were considered. Paper...show more content...
Paper (iii) The outcome measures were as follows; change in bone mineral density after 6, 12 and 24 months, lung function, the relation between
change in bone density and inhaled steroid dose and change in biochemical markers of bone metabolism. 4)Identify which of the papers would be of
most use to the busy practitioner in this case. Provide a justification for your answer. (5%) Paper (ii), a synopses. This is the most effective tool if time
is limited. A synopses allows the practitioner to quickly obtain key points about the intervention, without having to delve deeper into the details of the
research. 5)Describe the "Population" of the participants (See PICO in Lecture notes) (5%) The "population" includes Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD) and mild asthma
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2. Qualitative Research Methods Essay
Question 1 Compare and contrast the following qualitative research methods: case study, phenomenological, and grounded theory. Synthesize the
findings and determine which is best suited to a study on your potential dissertation topic. Analyze the issues associated with sample selection, validity,
and bias in such a study.
Qualitative Research Methods
Introduction
It is common for researchers to compare qualitative and quantitative research methods. Quantitative methods originate from positivist and postâ
positivist research paradigms. Also, the methods objectively examine statistical data to determine cause and affect and often use generalizable data.
There are various methods used in quantitative research such as surveys,...show more content...
Thus, this method gives a researcher an inâdepth understanding of the participants' experiences using qualitative inquiry to determine the why, when,
where, what, and how of the study. Qualitative research is subject to judgments about the data and synthesizes the findings using specialized
approaches such as experimental or nonâexperimental. Researchers often opt to use nonâexperimental approaches in studies using surveys, interviews,
observations, and case studies. Even though an experimental approach is appropriate in quantitative research, it further enables researchers to find
answers and collect data (Bagozzi & Yi, 2012). This approach is unique in its hypotheses and the study of behavior, making it valid and reliable.
They are five types of approaches to select within qualitative research: case study, ethnography, phenomenology,grounded theory, and narrative
research. Each research method is distinct in its approach towards inquiry within the qualitative paradigm in terms of appearance, conditions, focus, and
theories (Creswell, 1998). There are also similarities in these approaches such as characteristics and assumptions concerning the context of the study.
This research evaluates each approach and determines that the phenomenology method is best suited for the study of women in leadership and the
challenges they face climbing the
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3. Importance Of Qualitative Research
1. Session: Introduction to Qualitative Research in Psychology
Qualitative research not only refers to the techniques used to collect and analyse certain data but also to a field of research in itself. The different
philosophical positions have in turn informed the varied approaches to qualitative research.
As an exploratory type of research, it seeks to gather the inâdepth understanding of the behaviour of a sample group. The personal opinion, values and
experiences of them. It affords the opportunity to observe the participants behaviour as well as allowing the researcher to delve into the participants
beliefs and really probe to obtain a greater detailed understanding of the issue.
Qualitative research techniques are flexible and normally conducted in naturalistic settings using semi structured data collection methods as this
accommodates the deviation to obtain that greater depth of answer. There are different types of analysis used for example, Interpretive
Phenomenological Analysis, grounded theory, narrative, thematic and pattern based discourse analysis.
Unlike quantitative research that use numbers as data and statistics, qualitative methods rely on words and meaning. It seeks to understand the problem
rather than quantifying it placing more emphasis on subjectivity rather than objectivity.
Qualitative methods tend to use smaller sample sizes due to the personal form of research putting the persons perspective at the centre of the work. The
results are
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4. Essay on Qualitative and Quantitative Research
Qualitative and Quantitative study designs both can be beneficial in research design. They both provide valuable options for researchers in the field.
These techniques can either be used separately in a research study or they can be combined to achieve maximum information. This paper will define the
terms qualitative and quantitative; describe the similarities and differences between each; discuss how qualitative and/or quantitative research designs or
techniques could be used in the evaluation of my proposed research; and discuss why linking analysis to study design is important. Quantitative studies
are primarily numbers based. They deal with large cohort groups as well as analyze large amounts of data. "A quantitative...show more content...
When both research designs are used together, more information can be gathered. Mixed methodology uses the numerical portion of the quantitative
study design in combination with the descriptive aspect of the qualitative study. There are many similarities between these two designs, which make
them compatible with each other. "Whilst quantitative research may be mostly used for testing theory it can also be used for exploring an area and
generating hypotheses and theory. Similarly qualitative research can be used for testing hypotheses and theories even though it is mostly used for theory
generation" (Hughes, 2006). Both of these designs may be similar with testing theory, they are also similar in the tools that they use and how the data is
analyzed. "Qualitative data often includes quantification (eg statements such as more than, less than, most as well as specific numbers). Quantitative
(ie questionnaire) approaches can collect qualitative data through open ended questions" (Hughes, 2006). These similarities are what make these two
study designs compatible for each other. There are also some differences between these study designs, which may cause some problems for the
inexperienced researcher. "Quantitative research is objective; qualitative research is subjective. Quantitative research seeks explanatory laws;
qualitative research aims at
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5. What Is The Generic Qualitative Approach? Essay
PART A
1. What is the 'generic qualitative approach'?
There are various research methodologies in qualitative research. However researches sometimes do not find one particular methodology to fit the all
types of research. When researches face this kind of challenging situation, they tend to accept 'generic qualitative approach'.
Generic qualitative approach is not guided by an explicit and set of philosophic assumptions in the form of one established qualitative method. Generic
qualitative method is sub divided into genres of interpretative description and descriptive qualitative research.
Generic qualitative method gives an avenue for researchers to play with these boundaries, utilize tools that the established methodologies offer and
engineer designs that fit their epistemological position, discipline and particular research questions.
2. Discuss the difference between 'qualitative description' and 'qualitative interpretation'.
According to Sandelowski (2000), Qualitative Description is defined as research design to produce a lowâinterference description of phenomenon.
This low interferences made in order to remain "closer" to the original data.
Researchers conducting "Qualitative Description" method seek for descriptive validity and accuracy. Epistemologically, Sandelowski (2000) has
implied a constructivist epistemology which gives researcher to fully interpret research participants' experience interpretation. It is a less theory driven
methodology.
Data
7. Qualitative Exploratory Essay
This study was a qualitative descriptive exploratory study, which Grove, Burns and Gray (2013, p. 27) define as being of use when researchers seek to
understand a problem by describing it and promoting further understanding. Qualitative research aims to investigate a phenomenon or analyse
perspectives, this method often utilises a smaller study population but yields data rich in human experience (Schira, 2009, p.77â78). An example of this
qualitative paradigm is the researcher's use of interviews as a data collection method, and smaller sample size. Interviews were utilised for the data
collection, as Addo (2013, p. 197) says that these can aid researchers in exploring the participant's experience with the phenomenon of interest. The
researchers...show more content...
In the article the researchers acknowledge their results may not be generalisable to due to sample size and state they feel that further research is
required in order to draw stronger thematic conclusions. However, Esterman, Warland & Deuter (2010, p. 35) say that the lens that qualitative
researchers see through does not seek to develop universal answers. The author's willingness to divulge their limitations is an important aspect that
develops the strength of this
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8. Essay On Qualitative Analysis
Qualitative Research Article For a qualitative research article I chose the topic Inpatient Falls. The title of my article is Nurses' solutions to prevent
inpatient falls in hospital patient rooms. The joint committee has emphasized the need for hospitals to prevent inpatient falls. Medicare and Medicaid
services will not reimburse hospitals for any care provided that has resulted from a fall. This research article is characterized qualitative because the
data was compiled by interviewing nurses, each interview lasted 45â60 minutes. The article is more descriptive in nature. The interview asked nurses
to share their opinions as to what causes a patient to fall and how falls can be prevented in an inpatient setting. The completed interviews...show more
content...
The title of my article is Exploring the moral distress of registered nurses. In today's healthcare system nurses experience moral distress on a regular
basis. This study is considered quantitative because the researcher used survey methods to identify types and frequencies of patient care situations
that provokes moral distress. Data was collected over 4 months, surveys were returned to principle investigator and clinical managers. The data was
collected by using an instrument called Moral Distress Scale (MDS). An instrument that has established reliability and validity. MDS measures two
components of moral distress; intensity and frequency related to clinical practice. Open ended questions were asked to gain more detailed data. The
researcher reduced data to numerical findings that are expressed in charts. I chose this article because nurses face moral distress on a daily basis.
Unable to recognize and manage moral distress can lead to nurses being burned out, high turnover rate and finally leaving the nursing profession all
together. This article was written because there is a gap of communication between organizations and staff members. Organizations need to provide
basic training to staff members to recognize and manage moral distress. Another purpose of this article is to have nurses take responsibility for their
education. Nurses need to be proactive and seek their manager's help to build strong emotional
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9. Qualitative Reflection
When you look in the mirror what do you see? Everybody asked this question responds with a similar answer, you see yourself, of course. But
individually, you are so much more than that. You study your reflection wondering what people think of you, what traits you possess, what are your
strengths and weakness, and other components that make you, you. This study takes a closer look at those traits and characteristics to analyze how you
are perceived through the eyes of another.
Statement of Purpose
The research project conducted uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data, analyze, then interpret how an individual is
perceived in society. To evaluate the qualitative research the addition of a literature review...show more content...
By collecting people's judgements of me, I am able to evaluate my strengths and weakness as an individual and as a professional. In order to be a
successful individual in society one must gain greater understanding into one's own traits, behavior, and actions that affects people's overall judgements
of that individual. A selfâ analysis will provide me with adequate findings to realize was facets of myself need to be developed, altered, or even reduced.
Even if this project furthers my character development, implications of this study are still possible. This research could hurt my selfâesteem, make me
question my actions, or even harm my selfâ perception. By finding out this information it could lead me to feel insecure about my appearance, actions,
and traits so far in life that would be enough to contribute to me devaluating my selfâworth. This information could also give me overconfidence I do
not necessarily need. Finding out over positive information could harm my attitude, making me arrogant, selfish, and conceited.
Order of Key Points
The order of key points moves from the abstract to the conclusion of the selfâanalysis study. Key points include the establishment of the research
question and hypothesis, the five questions used for inâdepth analysis, three distinct concepts evaluated in the literature review related to my research,
methods and procures to replicate the study, and the discussion of my findings. The discussion section included
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10. Quantitative vs. Qualitative: A Comparative Analysis of Research Methods Engaging in a research project can be a frightening and intimidating task
for anyone. However, Polansky and Waller (2015) provide a sixâstep process that is designed to simplify the research process by alleviating anxiety
and ensuring that the researcher is able to complete the project in a timely manner. The first step is defining the problem so that it is clearly
understood. Once there is clarity on what needs to be done or of what is required, the focus can shift towards completion of the project. Step two is
laying out the research objectives that need to be accomplished in order to arrive at a solution to the research question. Next, a determination is made
on the best course of action to acquire the required information. Once a suitable framework is selected, it is time to move on to the fourth step, which
is gathering data. The fifth step involves analyzing and deciphering the data and putting it all into a usable format that answers the research question.
Finally, we arrive at step six, which means the research question has been answered, and the results are ready for presentation (Polansky & Waller,
2015). Research in its most elementary form can be described as the activities that enable us to expand our knowledge. The process involves the
gathering and synthesis of information so that the facts surrounding a given problem can be analyzed and a suitable answer or alternative solution to the
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11. Planning A Qualitative Study? Essay
Planning a Qualitative Study
What is the purpose of the Project?
1. What is the current status of knowledge pertaining to the question?
The current status of knowledge pertaining to my research question what are the effects of child maltreatment is currently being widened as I gather
additional information on the research question. This author is focusing on the overall goal of the research, by conducting a literature review.
2. Why is the study important?
The importance of this study is to bring awareness to parents, guardians, family members, and the general public of the devastating effects of child
maltreatments, with the hope that the perpetrators will be brought to justice and hope these actions will deter other offenders from abusing children.
3. What is the specific focus and design of the project?
Will the focus be on individuals, groups, cultures, experiences, processes, or content? The focus on this study will be on individuals, experiences and
content.
4. Will the design be a case study, ethnography, phenomenological study, grounded?
Theory study, content analysis, a combination of two or more of these, or none of these?
The design will be Case study, which will include observations, interviews, and appropriate written documents. This design will enlighten and educate
individuals about the severity of child maltreatment. However Child maltreatment can be a combination of two including phenomenological study
which will enlighten and educate individuals who never
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12. Qualitative Research Essay
Qualitative Research in Nursing
Date of last revision : January 28, 2011 "Not everything that counts can be counted, and not everything that can be counted counts" âAlbert Einstein
INTRODUCTION
Qualitative research methods have become increasingly important as ways of developing nursing knowledge for evidenceâbased nursing practice.
Qualitative research answers a wide variety of questions related to nursing's concern with human responses to actual or potential health problems.
(Ploeg J, 1999)
Qualitative research is a type of scientific research which has its roots in philosophy and human sciences.
Qualitative research plays an important part in providing evidence for practice in nursing, and is gaining greater...show more content...
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
The key difference between quantitative and qualitative methods is their flexibility.
In qualitative methods, the relationship between the researcher and the participant is often less formal than in quantitative research Quantitative
Research Qualitative Research
General framework Seek to confirm hypotheses
Postivist paradigm Seek to explore phenomena
Naturalistic paradigm
ObjectivesTo predict & controlTo understand (what, how, & why)
ToolsHighly structured methods: questionnaires, surveys, and structured observation Use semiâstructured methods: inâdepth interviews, focus groups,
and participant observation
DesignRigid design
Controlled & experimentalEmergent design
FocusPrediction
Outcomes
GeneralisabilityRich "thick" description
Similarities & contrasts
Process & context
Nature of data analysisStatisticalNonâstatistical
13. SamplingRelatively large samples using often random sampling Small samples using purposive, convenient or snaw ball sampling technique.
METHODS OF COLLECTING DATA
Obtrusive
Semi structured interviews
Inâdepth interviews
Focus Group Discussions
Ethnography
Participatory Action Research
Narrative and Life History
Participant observation
Unobtrusive methods
Simple observation
Document analysis (written records)
Audioâvisual
Text analysis / Discourse analysis
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14. Qualitative Analysis : Qualitative Data
Qualitative
Qualitative data is an open universe, as it includes virtually any nonânumerical data that can be captured and revolves around collecting, analyzing, and
interpreting data that are difficult to reduce utilizing numerical methods. Qualitative data permit the exploration of every possible scenario in a given
situation which is highly suitable when assessing the contributory impact of the social environment within the business world. By pursuing a
qualitative approach, the data collected can be measured based on a philosophical (Phenomenology) perspective, Ethnographic, Field Research,
Grounded Theory or Case Study.
Advantages of Qualitative Data
Real time nonârestrictive questions during interviews can be guided and redirected by the researcher.
Complexities about the research subjects or topics are discovered that escapes numerical measurements.
Data obtained based on sociological experience is expansive and oftentimes more attractive than quantitative data.
Revising the research framework including the direction can be done quickly should new information emerges.
Issues can be examined in detail and in depth not afforded with a quantitative method
The rich in depth narrative permitted in qualitative data makes it a very attractive method for conducting research. The broad thematic concerns
researchers are able to address will allow aspects of the company being research to take on a philosophical approach that is prohibited utilizing a
quantitative
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15. Qualitative Research Evaluation Essay
EVALUATION DATA RESEARCH
Qualitative research seeks to answer the "why" and not the "how" of the research project that is being conducted, this is done through a complex
system of analyzing unstructured information such as survey's , questionnaires, interviews, interview transcripts, open end survey's, focus groups,
observations, emails, notes, video's, feed back forms and photo's; most of the time a qualitative report won't depend on statistical evidence alone it
must be accompanied by detailed facts and proven facts and not hypotheses or in accurate data, this can lead to misunderstanding of data findings and
can through the whole aim of the research project off and waste valuable time.
A qualitative research project is mainly used...show more content...
According to (Bamberger, et, al, 2006) the purpose of the interview is to elicit information about and from the stakeholders experience, perceptions, and
meanings, this is critical in a qualitative research project it helps to understand what is being asked of the stakeholder. Interview data also incorporates
the stakeholders personal perspective, and gives confirmation of the data through direct observation, or from other stakeholders involved in the
research project; by eliciting the input of observation data this helps to confirm to the researcher the intent of the stakeholder, it also shows their
behavior, and their personal meaning. Documentary and artifactual data includes texts, photos, and other tangible items from the site that they are
being collected from, analyzed and reviewed. By reviewing the documents artifacts and materials of a culture provides the researcher with an
unobtrusive method of gaining information and may offer other forms of information that's unavailable from any other data source. According to
(Bamberger, et, al, 2006) journals, artifacts, photo's and artwork may provide information of occurrences that have happened before the evaluators
arrival. As in all research projects documents and artifacts include the perspective and the biases of their human creator, therefore each item must be
considered
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16. Essay On Qualitative Research
BASIC CONCEPTS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH (An Essay) By Deborah Sitorus One of the ways to gain knowledge is by carrying out some
research. As what Zacharia (2012) stated that in daily life most people conduct research to gain knowledge. A research can be carried out
qualitatively or quantitatively depends on the research purposes and needs and the type of information the researcher is seeking. My concern in this
essay is to briefly share my understandings about basic concepts of qualitative research that I gained from my readings on some books on qualitative
research methods as well as from the class discussion with lecturer and colleagues on qualitative research course at the university. The basic concepts of
qualitative research that will...show more content...
In quantitative research, the researcher relies on statistical analysis (mathematical analysis) of the data, which is typically in numeric form. In
qualitative research, statistics are not used to analyze the data; instead, the inquirer analyzes words (e.g., transcriptions from interviews) or images (e.g.,
photographs). Rather than relying on statistical procedures, the qualitative researcher analyzes the words to group them into larger meanings of
understanding, such as codes, categories, or themes (Creswell, 2012). In addition, both qualitative and quantitative researchers are concerned with the
individuals' point of view. However, qualitative researchers think they can get closer to the actor's perspective through detailedâinterviewing and
observation. They argue that quantitative researchers are seldom able to capture their subjects perspective because they have to rely on more remote,
inferential empirical methods and materials (Denzin and Lincoln, 2000). Despite all these differences, one of the strengths of qualitative research
design is that it often allows for far greater (theoretically informed) flexibility than in most quantitative research designs (Silverman, 2005). The allure
of qualitative research also enables the researcher to conduct inâdepth studies about a broad array of topics, including the favorites, in plain and
everyday terms (Yin, 2011). Furthermore, qualitative research designs tend to work
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17. Qualitative vs. Quantitative Research Essay
Qualitative and quantitative research methods take different approaches to gathering and analysing information. Whether it is a qualitative or
quantitative study, the research study begins with a question or series of questions. Both use rigorously designed studies to get the most accurate,
detailed and complete results. Qualitative studies common methods are interviews, surveys and observation. A qualitative study aims to provide a
detailed description of the study results, often using pictures and written descriptions to describe what the research revealed. A qualitative study looks at
the big picture, helping researchers to narrow in on points of interest that then can be followed up on in a quantitative study. While a quantitative...show
more content...
Research may lead to improving services and conditions for children but not necessarily benefiting the participants. Research may be childâled through
focus groups; dilemmas such as adults acting in a tokenistic manner may lead to a study not actually being directed by children. Ultimately the control
may retain in the adults hands but it may be argued such a complex task from planning to dissemination may require this. Distinctions may be needed
between children and young children to allow correct participation, access, techniques, consent, legal rights, protection and addressing ethnical issues.
(EK310, Audio, Band 1) All three professionals featured in the discussion had different interests and backgrounds but whichever methodology is used,
to ensure they are effective and appropriate.
Coates qualitative pilot study about children's drawings stemmed from her professional background and her observations of children. She found links
between language and drawing and wanted to analysis this further. Her methodological approach was both reflexive and participantâled. She was the
collector of data through note taking, qualitative observations and the actual pictures drawn. Therefore the study had to acknowledge her role and any
effects this may have on the findings. Having read her commentary it outlined what the goal was and how she went about achieving it. But it was
reliant on
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18. Qualitative research aims at taking a great understanding of a particular firm or activity, instead of taking a large survey of a population. Moreover,
qualitative study provides researchers the real feedbacks of participants, who have a real impression about the product that they have tested. There are
many debates argue that qualitative research has several weaknesses due to the different opinions about the product or the service that participants have
tested. The different opinions and ideas may create for researchers different outcomes and judgments, which create some confusion in terms of
conclusion about their products, or services. Qualitative research has been using in several industries such as, financials, medical treatments, high tech
sectors, and retails. Researchers of these professions have reached their objectives by implement this method to see the results of their products or
services in order to distribute them effectively in the market. According to Hall and Rist (1999), using multiple qualitative research methods will enrich
researchers a great capability to expand their studies in different ways. In fact, drug makers always expand their research in multiple studies to get the
effective outcomes based on the complementary report. Likewise, pharmaceutical industry is one of the most essential sectors to develop, manufacture,
and distribute new types of medicines in the market. In order to make the effective medicines, companies need to conduct
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19. Qualitative Analysis Essay
Qualitative analysis can be benefical for athletes of all different ages,sizes, and levels. Qualitative analysis allows for one to analyze the movement
patterns of the athlete with the goals of improving performance and decreasing risk of injury. This technique uses no numerical data, but focues more
on the verbal cues of the athletes body (Johnson and Baur, 2015). Although a qualitative analysis uses no numerical data, there are many important
steps to recording a valid analysis. In order to record a valid analysis, one must have thoroghly understand the skill being analyzed, seek out scientfic
literature regarding the mechanics of the skill, and undestand that all athletes are all different (Johnson and Baur,2015). As a former athlete and current
personal trainer, I have seen several athletes or clients have extremely poor technique on exercises, which can greatly have an impact on the athletes
overall results. As a trainer my job is to instruct my clients how to safely perform exercises that will have a...show more content...
There are several factors that have a key role when it comes to increasing ones speed. Increasing ones step rate and stride length are the most
benefical ways to increase speed. Observing ones step rate can be really challenging due to the frequency of steps, which can make it tough to
evaluate and correct the athletes technique. Video analysis is a great tool, to help learn how efficent ones running form is. During a video analysis,
the analyst will record a video of the athlete running, and will play it back in slow motion from different angles so that the athlete can see
everything he or she is doing incorrectly (Johnson and Baur,2015). Using a video analysis will also help aid the athlete if he or she is a visual
learner. It will also allow the analyst to pay close attention to each phase of the athletes specific
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20. Qualitative Research : Phenomenological Research
The 2012 study conducted by Vetter remains representative of a qualitative practitioner researched phenomenological case study. Qualitative research
remains focused on meaning, understanding, and differences in kind rather than facts, knowing, and differences in degree (Shank, Brown, & Pringle,
2014). Describing, clarifying, and interpreting lived experiences remains the objective of phenomenological studies (McMillan, 2015). As a component
of the reflective process conducted by the practitioner, practitioner research remains designed to engender transformation, or effect policy in the field of
practice (Jupp, 2006). Case study perspectives involve a limited group of participants, often focusing on one individual (Shank, Brown, & Pringle,
2014). Qualitative researchers employ seven key methodological tools; observations, interviews, focus groups, material analysis, archive and historical
records analysis, interpretive analysis, and participant observation. Qualitative methodological tools employed by Vetter (2012) include participant
observation, focus group, artifacts, interviews, and group discussions. Vetter (2012) noted the inadequacy of current research examining "teachers'
change process to better understand what professional spaces foster teachers as they construct their own transformation" (Vetter, 2012, p. 28). In this
study, Vetter (2012) sought to answer "What was the change process of one teacher researcher as she engaged in a yearâlong practitioner researcher
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21. Introduction
The qualitative and quantitative research methods are typically applied in the field of social research. There has been a lot of debate on the relative
advantages between the two designs among researchers almost more than on any other issue of methodology. The quantitative research design
encompasses methods which focus on numbers, that is, quantities. The data collected in this design is usually in numbers which are then analyzed
using statistical and mechanical methods. This design is highly associated with the field of science such as in practical done in a laboratory (Gall et al
2003). On the other hand, qualitative design normally uses words to explain wider concepts that cannot be captured mathematically such as...show more
content...
This research method seeks to experiment on certain issues upon which it seeks to come up with universal generalizations (Timmons 2005).
Qualitative Method
Unlike in the previous method, this research method involves collecting, interpreting and analyzing information by observing and listening to people.
This method normally looks for meanings of concepts. It attempts to seek description and characteristic of things including feelings, attitudes, symbols
and signs (Schostac 2006). This method is generally subjective and normally employs purposeful sampling where specific respondents are targeted. The
questions in this method are generally open and the respondent is not limited to the kind of information that he can give. To obtain relevant
information, in depth interviews are normally conducted. The information obtained in this method is assumed to reflect a reality on the ground since
the method usually expresses results based on the actual response generated by respondents.
Differences
One common difference between the two is that quantitative method is objective while qualitative is subjective. This implies that the quantitative
method attempts to come up with specific conclusions based on their data finding. For instance, a study on abuse of drugs among 16 year olds in the
US may be concluded to say that 2 out of every 5 under 16's are exposed tom alcohol before they join high school (Timmons, 2005). On the other hand,
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