The document provides an introduction to the hotel industry, describing what a hotel is and how they are classified. It discusses how hotels are categorized based on location, facilities offered, length of guest stay, type of clientele, pricing plans, and basis of ownership. It also describes the different types of hotel rooms and rates/plans that hotels offer. The key departments of a hotel, including front office, food and beverage, housekeeping, and maintenance, are outlined.

1. INTRODUCTION TO HOTEL INDUSTRY
Ms. Roma Gandhi
Dr. BMN College of Home Science
NAAC Accredited ‘A’ Grade CGPA 3.64/4
UGC Status: College for Potential of Excellence

4. WHAT IS A HOTEL????
• A hotel is an establishment that provides paid
lodging on a short term basis
• Provides basic accommodation, in times past,
consisting only of a room with a bed, cupboard,
a small table and a wash stand
• Largely been replaced by rooms with modern
facilities including en - suite bathrooms and air
conditioning or climate controls

5. BASED ON
LOCATION
FACILITIES
OFFERED
BASED ON
PROPERTY
LENGTH OF
GUEST
STAY
TYPE OF
CLIENTELE
PRICING
PLANS
BASIS OF
OWNERSHIP

9. 2. BASED ON PROPERTY
• Small hotels: hotel with 100 rooms and less
• Medium size hotels : hotel with 100 – 300 rooms
• Large hotels: hotel which ahs more than 300 rooms
• Mega hotels: hotels with more than 1000 rooms
• Chain hotels: these are the group which has hotels in many
number of locations in India and international

10. 3. PRICING PLANS
• European Plan : room charges only
• American Plan : rooms + all meals
• Modified American Plan : room + breakfast + lunch or
dinner
• Continental Plan : room + continental breakfast
• Bed and Breakfast : room + English breakfast

11. 4. TYPE OF CLIENTELE
• Business hotel
• Group hotel
• Family hotel
• Convention hotel
• Youth hostels
• Casino hotel

12. 5. LENGTH OF GUEST STAY
• Transient hotels
• Residential or semi – residential properties
• Time share properties

13. 6. BASIS OF OWNERSHIP
• Hotels can be categorized by ownership. There are six
different ways hotels can be owned and operated.
• Independently owned and operated
• Independently owned but leased to an operator
• Owned by single entity or group that ahs hired a hotel
management company to operate the property

14. • Owned and operated by a chain
• Owned by an independent investor or group and operated by
a chain
• Owned by an individual group and operated as a franchise of
a chain

15. 7. FACILITIES OFFERED
• Star rating
• Deluxe hotels
• Sports hostels
• Budget hotels
• Bed & breakfast

16. *STAR RATING*
ONE STAR RATING
Usually denotes independent and name brand hotel
chains with a reputation for offering consistent quality
amenities. The hotel is usually small to medium-sized and
conveniently located to moderately priced attractions. The
facilities typically include telephones and TV′s in the
bedroom. Some hotels offer limited restaurant service;
however, room service and bellhop service is usually not
provided

17. TWO STAR RATING
Typically smaller hotels managed by the proprietor. The hotel is
often 2 - 4 stories high and usually has a more personal
atmosphere. It′s usually located near affordable attractions,
major intersections and convenient to public transportation.
Furnishings and facilities are clean but basic. Most will not have
a restaurant on site but are usually within walking distance to
some good low-priced dining. Public access, past certain hours,
may be restricted

18. THREE STAR RATING
Typically these hotels offer more spacious accommodations that
include well appointed rooms and decorated lobbies. Bellhop
service is usually not available. They are often located near
major expressways or business areas, convenient to shopping
and moderate to high priced attractions. The hotels usually
feature medium-sized restaurants that typically offer service
breakfast through dinner. Room service availability may vary.
Valet parking, fitness centres and pools are often provided.

19. FOUR STAR RATING
Mostly large, formal hotels with smart reception areas, front
desk service and bellhop service. The hotels are most often
located near other hotels of the same caliber and are usually
found near shopping, dining and other major attractions. The
level of service is well above average and the rooms are well lit
and well furnished. Restaurant dining is usually available and
may include more than one choice. Some properties will offer
continental breakfast and/or happy hour delicacies. Room
service is usually available during most hours. Valet parking
and/or garage service is also usually available. Concierge
services, fitness centres and one or more pools are often
provided.

20. FIVE STAR RATING
These are hotels that offer only the highest level of
accommodations and services. The properties offer a
high degree of personal service. Although most five star
hotels are large properties, sometimes the small
independent (non-chain) property offers an elegant
intimacy that can not be achieved in the larger setting.
The hotel locations can vary from the very exclusive
locations of a suburban area, to the heart of downtown.
The hotel lobbies are sumptuous, the rooms complete
with stylish furnishing and quality linens.

21. The amenities often include: VCR′s, CD
stereos, garden tubs or Jacuzzis, in-room
video library, heated pools and more. The
hotels feature up to three restaurants all with
exquisite menus. Room service is usually
available 24 hours a day. Fitness Centers
and valet and/or garage parking are typically
available. A concierge is also available to
assist you.

22. DEPARTMENTAL CLASSIFICATION
• An hotel can provide good service, when its all
departments work together in an efficient and effective
way, by showing good team work, coordination and communic
ation.
• The most important function of a hotel is to provide
food and shelter to prospective guest. To provide food & shel
ter, there are number of departments or areas required, who m
ust all function together round-the-clock 24/7 .

23. These departments are broadly categorized into two groups:
• OPERATIONAL DEPARTMENT (Core Department)
Front office (revenue centre)
Food & Beverage service (revenue centre)
House keeping (cost centre)
Food production (kitchen) (cost centre)

24. • ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTS (Support Department)
Maintenance department
 Account department
Human resource department
Electronic data processing department
Communication department
Security department
Purchase department
Stores
Sales & marketing department

25. ROOMS
• The sales of rooms contributes approximately 50% or
more to the total revenue of the hotel.
• A room ‘sale’ occurs when a room is leased for
occupation for 24 hours at a predetermined cost.

26. WHAT DOES A ROOM MEAN
TO A GUEST?
It means
• Comfort
• Security
• Privacy convenience
• Cleanliness and hygiene
• A “ Home away from Home”

27. TYPES OF ROOMS
• Single room
A room which has single room facility

28. • Double Room
A room which has double bed facility

29. • Twin room
A room which has two single beds separated by a centre table

30. • Interconnecting Rooms
Two rooms which shares a common door, mostly used by
families.

31. • Adjoining rooms
Two rooms shared by a common wall mostly preferred by
groups

32. • Hollywood Twin Rooms
A room which ahs two single beds but shares a common
headboard

33. • Duplex rooms
A room which is been spread on two floors connected by
an internal staircase

34. • Cabana rooms
A room which is near a water body or the pool area

35. • Studio rooms
A room with sofa cum bed facility

36. • Parlor rooms
A room which is used for sitting and not for
sleeping

37. • Lanai Rooms
A room which oversees a scenic beauty for
example, garden, landscape or waterfall.

38. • Efficiency rooms
A room with a kitchen facility

39. • Hospitality rooms
A rooms where the hotel staff entertains their
guests

40. • Suites
A room comprises of two or more bedroom, a living
area and a dining area

41. TYPES OF RATES AND PLANS
• A hotel normally develops room rates based on various
purposes it serves:
1. MINIMUM – MODERATE MAXIMUM RATES
2. THE RACK RATE
3. ROOM PLANS

42. • These plans are:
1. European Plan (EP) : charges for the rooms only
2. American Plan (AP) : charges for rooms and all meals
3. Modified American Plan (MAP) : charges for room +
breakfast and lunch or dinner
4. Continental Plan : charges for room and a continental
breakfast
5. Bed and Breakfast : charges for room and English
breakfast