This document provides information about artillery guns and projectiles. It discusses that artillery guns are weapons that can project munitions over long distances. It then describes the basic components of artillery guns, including the barrel, propellant, and classification based on range. It also discusses the basic structure of anti-personnel guns. Finally, it covers the types of artillery projectiles and their effects, such as fragmentation and blast effects.

1. Mr. M. B. DANGE
A8 -1202

2. Agenda
 What is Artillery?
 Basics of Artillery Guns
 Basics of Artillery Projectile

3. What is Artillery?
Artillery –
Engines of War that operate by projection of munitions far beyond
the range of effect of personal weapons.
Typically : Artillery is more advance version of Rifle
Artillery consist of
 GUN :
 Is a Weapon Used to throw a projectile at a very long distance.
 Projectile :
 Solid Projectile : It is made of Metal
 Hollow projectile : It is hollow to take explosives

4. Artillery GUN - Basics
The caliber of the gun is determined by
the diameter of the barrel
The length of the barrel is represented by Calibers
The barrel of the gun is usually rifled
 forcing the projectile to spin, stabilizing the projectile
The propellant forces in the barrel.
1. Horizontal force : Which takes the projectile away
2. Circumferential force : Which creates Spin action
3. Recoil : Due to above forces a Counter force of equal size is created

5. Classification of Guns – Based on Range
Cannon
•Barrel length of at least 20 calibers.
•The cannons fire usually with a flatter trajectory
Howitzer
•Barrel length between 12 - 20 calibers.
•Higher maximum elevations than cannons
•useful in forested, rough and hilly terrain.
Mortar
•The mortars have a barrel length under 12 calibers
•They fire in high angles, elevations ranging usually from 40º to 80º.
•The barrel is smooth, the projectiles have tail fins to stabilize the flight.

6. Classification of Guns – Based on Usage
1. Anti personal Guns (AP Guns)
2. Anti Tank Guns (AT Guns)
3. Recoilless Guns
4. Anti Aircraft Guns (AA Guns)
5. Tank Guns – Which are mounted of tanks
6. Missiles - Rocket technology
We will try to further understand Anti Personal Gun Only

7. Anti Personal gun – Basic Structure
 Parts are classified in 3 structures
1. Basic Structure
2. Super structure
3. Telescope
Basic Structure: Super Structure: Telescope:
Carriage Ordnance For aiming
Trail Breech Mechanism
Spade Firing Mechanism
Mounting Recoil System
Clamps
Traversing and
elevating gears

8. Usage of Parts
Basic Structure Usage
 Carriage : Gives support to Mount and ordnance
 Trail : Laying purpose
 Spade : Gun digging in Mud and Bunker
 Mounting & clamps: Gives support to ordnance
 Elevating/Traversing gear : Traversing/elevating purposes
Super Structure:
 Ordnance : Gives spin movement to projectile
 Breech Block : To give up and down movement to feed ammunition
 Firing Mechanism : To strike the base of ammunition
 Recoil System : Forward and backward movement of barrel
Telescope:
Fitted on mounting for aiming

9. Artillery projectile
All artillery pieces use/fire ammunition
that is called a shell
 SHELL PARTS:
 The cartridge case: which holds the propellant charge and the projectile.
 The projectile: which is the part of the shell that is propelled into the target
 The propellant charge: which propels the projectile.
 The fuse: which detonates the explosive charge (or filler) inside the projectile.
 The primer: which detonates the propellant charge

10. What effect Ammunition cause
Fragmentation Effect
Blast Effect

11. Projectile fragmentation
The explosive filler blow up
The detonating wave converts the explosive filler to gases
Exerts extremely high pressure on the inner surface of the
projectile.
The projectile breaks apart
The shear and cleavage sends fragments/splinters flying with
high velocity in (roughly) three separate fans..

12. Artillery projectile blast effect
 The different possible damage (or effect)
 pressure, splinter, shock, concussion and psychological.
 The blast effect depends on
 The shape, structure and the caliber of the projectile
 The kinetic energy of the projectile
 The blast of the explosive filler (causing a pressure wave)
 The splinters that fan out from the body of the projectile,
 The volume of sound of the blast

13. Kargil WAR – Artillery GUN
 About 250 artillery guns
were used
 Terrain was mountainous
and at high altitudes
 Bofors GUN was used to
clear the infiltrators in the
posts that were in the
Bofors FH-77B Field Howitzer
Line of Sight

14.  BACKUP

15. Indian Army – Key Artillery
TOWED Artillery:
 Indian Ordnance Factories 105 mm Light Field Gun
 D-30 122 mm Towed Artillery Howitzer [2A18]
 M-46 130 mm Towed Artillery Field Gun [M1954]
 Haubits Bofors FH77B Towed Artillery Howitzer
Rocket Launchers:
 BM-21 Grad 122mm Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher
 BM-30 Smerch 9A52-2T 300mm Multi Barrel Rocket
Launcher
 Pinaka 214mm Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher

16. Typical Heavy GUN