The AK-47 is a gas-operated 7.62mm assault rifle developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov and adopted in 1949. Over 100 million AK-47s have been produced, making it the most widely used rifle in the world. It features a simple design, is inexpensive to produce, easy to use and maintain, and is highly reliable even in harsh conditions. The AK-47 fires the 7.62x39mm round with an effective range of 300 meters fully automatic or 400 meters semi-automatic. It remains in service with militaries and has been manufactured in many countries due to its low production cost and ease of use.

1. KLASHNIKOV [AK-47]

2. INTRODUCTION
The AK-47 is a gas operated ,7.62mm auto
assault rifle, first developed in the Soviet
Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. The designation
AK-47 stands for Kalashnikov automatic rifle,
model of 1947.
In russian known as Avtomat Kalashnikova (or
simply 'AK').

3. HISTORY
Design work on the AK began in 1944. In 1946
a version of the rifle, the AK-46, was
presented for official military trials, and a year
later the fixed stock version was introduced
into service.

4. Few Parameters
Type :- Assault Rifle.
Origin :- Soviet Union.
In Service :- 1949 - Present.
Designer :- Mikhail Kalashnikov.
Designed :- 1944–1946.
Manufacturer :- Izhmash.
Number built :- 100 million.
Weight :- 4.3 kg (9.5 lb) with empty magazine.
Length :- 870 mm (34.3 in) fixed wooden stock.
Barrel length :- 415 mm (16.3 in)

5. Cartridge :- 7.62x39mm
Action :- Gas-operated, rotating bolt
Rate of fire :- 600 rounds/min
Muzzle velocity :- 715 m/s (2,346 ft/s)
Effective range :- 300 metres (330 yd) full
automatic, 400 metres (440 yd) semi-automatic.
Feed system :- 20 or 30-round detachable box
magazine, also compatible with 40-round box or
75-round drum magazines

6. BACKGROUND
It was russians who 1st recognised that most
of the wars were fought with short range.
Thus they though of designing a gun with
short range upto 300 m and which was brutal
assault rifle with more damage. To reduce the
cost cartidge size was shortened to that used
in long range fights.
A TYPE OF AK-47 RIFLE

7. Features Of AK-47
The main advantages of the Kalashnikov rifle are its simple
design, fairly compact size and adaptation to mass
production. It is inexpensive to manufacture, and easy to
clean and maintain; its reliability are legendary . The AK-47
was initially designed for ease of operation and repair by
glove-wearing Soviet soldiers in Arctic conditions.

8. OPERATING CYCLE
To fire, the operator inserts a loaded magazine, moves the
selector lever to the lowest position, pulls back and
releases the charging handle, aims, and then pulls the
trigger. In this setting, the firearm fires only once (semi-
automatic), requiring the trigger to be released and
depressed again for the next shot. With the selector in the
middle position (full-automatic), the rifle continues to fire,
automatically cycling fresh rounds into the chamber, until
the magazine is exhausted or pressure is released from the
trigger. As each bullet travels through the barrel, a portion
of the gases expanding behind it is diverted into the gas
tube above the barrel, where it impacts the gas piston. The
piston, in turn, is driven backward, pushing the bolt carrier,
which causes the bolt to move backwards, ejecting the
spent round, and chambering a new round when the recoil
spring pushes it back.

9. Disassembly
Dismantling the rifle involves the operator
depressing the magazine catch and removing the
magazine. The charging handle is pulled to the
rear and the operator inspects the chamber to
verify the weapon is unloaded. The operator
presses forward on the retainer button at the
rear of the receiver cover while simultaneously
lifting up on the rear of the cover to remove it.
The operator then pushes the spring assembly
forward and lifts it from its raceway, withdrawing
it out of the bolt carrier and to the rear.

10. Ballistics
• Main article: 7.62x39mm
• The standard AK-47 or AKM fires the
7.62x39mm cartridge with a muzzle velocity of
710 metres per second (2,300 ft/s). Muzzle
energy is 2,010 joules (1,480 ft·lbf). Projectile
weight is normally 8 grams (120 gr). The AK-47
and AKM, with the 7.62×39mm cartridge,
have a maximum effective range of around
400 metres (1,300 ft).

11. VARIANTS
• AK-47 1948–51, 7.62x39mm
• AK-47 1952, 7.62x39mm
• AKS-47
• RPK, 7.62x39mm
• AKM, 7.62x39mm
• AKMS, 7.62x39mm
• AK-74 series, 5.45x39mm
• AK-101 series
• AK-103/AK-104 series
• AK-107/AK-108 series

12. PRODUCTION
Main producer of AK series rifle is Soviet Union whereas
few other nations also have taken authority to
manufacture this assault rifle. Few among those are:-
• China :- type 56.
• Egypt :- AK-47 & AKM.
• Ethopia :- AK-47 & AK-103.
• India :- AK-47.
• Nigeria :- OBJ-006.
• Sudan :- MAZ.
And there are many many more countries which are
manufacturing and using this assault rifle.

13. References
• www.Google.in.com/klashnikov/AK-47
• www.Wikipedia.com/klashnikov
• www.Youtube.com
• www.myspace.com/klashnikov

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