The document discusses ggplot2, a grammar of graphics plotting package for R. It introduces key concepts of ggplot2 including the layered grammar of graphics model and its components. These components - data, aesthetic mappings, statistical transformations, geometric objects, scales, coordinates, and faceting - provide flexibility to build complex plots from data. The document provides examples using ggplot2 to visualize birth and death rate data and explore the diamonds dataset.
This document outlines an introduction to R graphics using ggplot2 presented by the Harvard MIT Data Center. The presentation introduces key concepts in ggplot2 including geometric objects, aesthetic mappings, statistical transformations, scales, faceting, and themes. It uses examples from the built-in mtcars dataset to demonstrate how to create common plot types like scatter plots, box plots, and regression lines. The goal is for students to be able to recreate a sample graphic by the end of the workshop.
This document discusses visualizing data in R using various packages and techniques. It introduces ggplot2, a popular package for data visualization that implements Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics. Ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for base graphics in R and contains defaults for displaying common scales online and in print. The document then covers basic visualizations like histograms, bar charts, box plots, and scatter plots that can be created in R, as well as more advanced visualizations. It also provides examples of code for creating simple time series charts, bar charts, and histograms in R.
Cluster analysis involves grouping data objects into clusters so that objects within the same cluster are more similar to each other than objects in other clusters. There are several major clustering approaches including partitioning methods that iteratively construct partitions, hierarchical methods that create hierarchical decompositions, density-based methods based on connectivity and density, grid-based methods using a multi-level granularity structure, and model-based methods that find the best fit of a model to the clusters. Partitioning methods like k-means and k-medoids aim to optimize a partitioning criterion by iteratively updating cluster centroids or medoids.
This document provides a step-by-step guide to learning R. It begins with the basics of R, including downloading and installing R and R Studio, understanding the R environment and basic operations. It then covers R packages, vectors, data frames, scripts, and functions. The second section discusses data handling in R, including importing data from external files like CSV and SAS files, working with datasets, creating new variables, data manipulations, sorting, removing duplicates, and exporting data. The document is intended to guide users through the essential skills needed to work with data in R.
Learn the basics of data visualization in R. In this module, we explore the Graphics package and learn to build basic plots in R. In addition, learn to add title, axis labels and range. Modify the color, font and font size. Add text annotations and combine multiple plots. Finally, learn how to save the plots in different formats.
This document provides an introduction to the concepts of data analytics and the data analytics lifecycle. It discusses big data in terms of the 4Vs - volume, velocity, variety and veracity. It also discusses other characteristics of big data like volatility, validity, variability and value. The document then discusses various concepts in data analytics like traditional business intelligence, data mining, statistical applications, predictive analysis, and data modeling. It explains how these concepts are used to analyze large datasets and derive value from big data. The goal of data analytics is to gain insights and a competitive advantage through analyzing large and diverse datasets.
The goal of this workshop is to introduce fundamental capabilities of R as a tool for performing data analysis. Here, we learn about the most comprehensive statistical analysis language R, to get a basic idea how to analyze real-word data, extract patterns from data and find causality.
This document outlines an introduction to R graphics using ggplot2 presented by the Harvard MIT Data Center. The presentation introduces key concepts in ggplot2 including geometric objects, aesthetic mappings, statistical transformations, scales, faceting, and themes. It uses examples from the built-in mtcars dataset to demonstrate how to create common plot types like scatter plots, box plots, and regression lines. The goal is for students to be able to recreate a sample graphic by the end of the workshop.
This document discusses visualizing data in R using various packages and techniques. It introduces ggplot2, a popular package for data visualization that implements Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics. Ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for base graphics in R and contains defaults for displaying common scales online and in print. The document then covers basic visualizations like histograms, bar charts, box plots, and scatter plots that can be created in R, as well as more advanced visualizations. It also provides examples of code for creating simple time series charts, bar charts, and histograms in R.
Cluster analysis involves grouping data objects into clusters so that objects within the same cluster are more similar to each other than objects in other clusters. There are several major clustering approaches including partitioning methods that iteratively construct partitions, hierarchical methods that create hierarchical decompositions, density-based methods based on connectivity and density, grid-based methods using a multi-level granularity structure, and model-based methods that find the best fit of a model to the clusters. Partitioning methods like k-means and k-medoids aim to optimize a partitioning criterion by iteratively updating cluster centroids or medoids.
This document provides a step-by-step guide to learning R. It begins with the basics of R, including downloading and installing R and R Studio, understanding the R environment and basic operations. It then covers R packages, vectors, data frames, scripts, and functions. The second section discusses data handling in R, including importing data from external files like CSV and SAS files, working with datasets, creating new variables, data manipulations, sorting, removing duplicates, and exporting data. The document is intended to guide users through the essential skills needed to work with data in R.
Learn the basics of data visualization in R. In this module, we explore the Graphics package and learn to build basic plots in R. In addition, learn to add title, axis labels and range. Modify the color, font and font size. Add text annotations and combine multiple plots. Finally, learn how to save the plots in different formats.
This document provides an introduction to the concepts of data analytics and the data analytics lifecycle. It discusses big data in terms of the 4Vs - volume, velocity, variety and veracity. It also discusses other characteristics of big data like volatility, validity, variability and value. The document then discusses various concepts in data analytics like traditional business intelligence, data mining, statistical applications, predictive analysis, and data modeling. It explains how these concepts are used to analyze large datasets and derive value from big data. The goal of data analytics is to gain insights and a competitive advantage through analyzing large and diverse datasets.
The goal of this workshop is to introduce fundamental capabilities of R as a tool for performing data analysis. Here, we learn about the most comprehensive statistical analysis language R, to get a basic idea how to analyze real-word data, extract patterns from data and find causality.
This document provides an overview of machine learning in R. It discusses R's capabilities for statistical analysis and visualization. It describes key R concepts like objects, data structures, plots, and packages. It explains how to import and work with data, perform basic statistics and machine learning algorithms like linear models, naive Bayes, and decision trees. The document serves as an introduction for using R for machine learning tasks.
As part of the GSP’s capacity development and improvement programme, FAO/GSP have organised a one week training in Izmir, Turkey. The main goal of the training was to increase the capacity of Turkey on digital soil mapping, new approaches on data collection, data processing and modelling of soil organic carbon. This 5 day training is titled ‘’Training on Digital Soil Organic Carbon Mapping’’ was held in IARTC - International Agricultural Research and Education Center in Menemen, Izmir on 20-25 August, 2017.
Using data relationships to make connections between individual data records transforms the data you already have into something much more powerful. This webinar will explain how both young and established companies have adopted graph thinking - and how they’ve risen to dominate their fields.
This hands-on R course will guide users through a variety of programming functions in the open-source statistical software program, R. Topics covered include indexing, loops, conditional branching, S3 classes, and debugging. Full workshop materials available from http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/rtc/r-prog
This document discusses various data types and structures in R. It begins by defining data types as categories of values like numeric and character. Data structures are described as how data is stored, such as vectors, factors, matrices, data frames, and lists. Examples are provided for each structure showing how to create them and access their elements. The document concludes by demonstrating how to work with built-in datasets in R, including viewing, summarizing, and accessing their columns and rows.
Exploratory data analysis in R - Data Science ClubMartin Bago
How to analyse new dataset in R? What libraries to use, and what commands? How to understand your dataset in few minutes? Read my presentation for Data Science Club by Exponea and find out!
A VERY high level over view of Graph Analytics concepts and techniques, including structural analytics, Connectivity Analytics, Community Analytics, Path Analytics, as well as Pattern Matching
These slides are for the tutorial on how to use R language for data analysis and Machine Learning tasks.
The workshop was given at OSCON (Austin, TX), 2017
R and Visualization: A match made in HeavenEdureka!
This document outlines an R training course on data visualization and spatial analysis. The course covers basic and advanced graphing techniques in R, including customizing graphs, color palettes, hexbin plots, tabplots, and mosaics. It also demonstrates spatial analysis examples using shapefiles and raster data to visualize and analyze geographic data in R.
The presentation is a brief case study of R Programming Language. In this, we discussed the scope of R, Uses of R, Advantages and Disadvantages of the R programming Language.
Hierarchical clustering methods group data points into a hierarchy of clusters based on their distance or similarity. There are two main approaches: agglomerative, which starts with each point as a separate cluster and merges them; and divisive, which starts with all points in one cluster and splits them. AGNES and DIANA are common agglomerative and divisive algorithms. Hierarchical clustering represents the hierarchy as a dendrogram tree structure and allows exploring data at different granularities of clusters.
This document provides an introduction to R, including what R is, how it compares to other statistical software packages, its advantages and disadvantages, how to install R, and options for R editors and graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It discusses R as a language for statistical computing and graphics, compares it to packages like SAS, Stata, and SPSS in terms of cost, usage mode, and prevalence. It outlines some of R's advantages like being free and open-source software with an active user community contributing packages, and some disadvantages like the learning curve and lack of a standard GUI.
The document discusses principles and techniques for exploratory data analysis including:
1) Showing comparisons, causality, and systematic structure through data visualization principles.
2) Creating one dimensional and two dimensional plots like scatter plots to understand data properties and find patterns.
3) Using base plotting systems, lattice systems, and ggplot2 systems which offer different levels of customization for creating plots.
4) Addressing issues like scaling, cost, and clustering when analyzing exploratory data.
Graph theory is widely used in science and everyday life. It can model real world problems and systems using vertices to represent objects and edges to represent connections between objects. The document discusses several applications of graph theory in chemistry, physics, biology, computer science, operations research, Google Maps, and the internet. For example, in chemistry graph theory is used to model molecules with atoms as vertices and bonds as edges. In computer science, graph theory concepts are used to develop algorithms for problems like finding shortest paths in a network.
A walk through the maze of understanding Data Visualization using several tools such as Python, R, Knime and Google Data Studio.
This workshop is hands-on and this set of presentations is designed to be an agenda to the workshop
PCA transforms correlated variables into uncorrelated variables called principal components. It finds the directions of maximum variance in high-dimensional data by computing the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix. The first principal component accounts for as much of the variability in the data as possible, and each succeeding component accounts for as much of the remaining variability as possible. Dimensionality reduction is achieved by ignoring components with small eigenvalues, retaining only the most significant components.
This document provides an overview of machine learning in R. It discusses R's capabilities for statistical analysis and visualization. It describes key R concepts like objects, data structures, plots, and packages. It explains how to import and work with data, perform basic statistics and machine learning algorithms like linear models, naive Bayes, and decision trees. The document serves as an introduction for using R for machine learning tasks.
As part of the GSP’s capacity development and improvement programme, FAO/GSP have organised a one week training in Izmir, Turkey. The main goal of the training was to increase the capacity of Turkey on digital soil mapping, new approaches on data collection, data processing and modelling of soil organic carbon. This 5 day training is titled ‘’Training on Digital Soil Organic Carbon Mapping’’ was held in IARTC - International Agricultural Research and Education Center in Menemen, Izmir on 20-25 August, 2017.
Using data relationships to make connections between individual data records transforms the data you already have into something much more powerful. This webinar will explain how both young and established companies have adopted graph thinking - and how they’ve risen to dominate their fields.
This hands-on R course will guide users through a variety of programming functions in the open-source statistical software program, R. Topics covered include indexing, loops, conditional branching, S3 classes, and debugging. Full workshop materials available from http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/rtc/r-prog
This document discusses various data types and structures in R. It begins by defining data types as categories of values like numeric and character. Data structures are described as how data is stored, such as vectors, factors, matrices, data frames, and lists. Examples are provided for each structure showing how to create them and access their elements. The document concludes by demonstrating how to work with built-in datasets in R, including viewing, summarizing, and accessing their columns and rows.
Exploratory data analysis in R - Data Science ClubMartin Bago
How to analyse new dataset in R? What libraries to use, and what commands? How to understand your dataset in few minutes? Read my presentation for Data Science Club by Exponea and find out!
A VERY high level over view of Graph Analytics concepts and techniques, including structural analytics, Connectivity Analytics, Community Analytics, Path Analytics, as well as Pattern Matching
These slides are for the tutorial on how to use R language for data analysis and Machine Learning tasks.
The workshop was given at OSCON (Austin, TX), 2017
R and Visualization: A match made in HeavenEdureka!
This document outlines an R training course on data visualization and spatial analysis. The course covers basic and advanced graphing techniques in R, including customizing graphs, color palettes, hexbin plots, tabplots, and mosaics. It also demonstrates spatial analysis examples using shapefiles and raster data to visualize and analyze geographic data in R.
The presentation is a brief case study of R Programming Language. In this, we discussed the scope of R, Uses of R, Advantages and Disadvantages of the R programming Language.
Hierarchical clustering methods group data points into a hierarchy of clusters based on their distance or similarity. There are two main approaches: agglomerative, which starts with each point as a separate cluster and merges them; and divisive, which starts with all points in one cluster and splits them. AGNES and DIANA are common agglomerative and divisive algorithms. Hierarchical clustering represents the hierarchy as a dendrogram tree structure and allows exploring data at different granularities of clusters.
This document provides an introduction to R, including what R is, how it compares to other statistical software packages, its advantages and disadvantages, how to install R, and options for R editors and graphical user interfaces (GUIs). It discusses R as a language for statistical computing and graphics, compares it to packages like SAS, Stata, and SPSS in terms of cost, usage mode, and prevalence. It outlines some of R's advantages like being free and open-source software with an active user community contributing packages, and some disadvantages like the learning curve and lack of a standard GUI.
The document discusses principles and techniques for exploratory data analysis including:
1) Showing comparisons, causality, and systematic structure through data visualization principles.
2) Creating one dimensional and two dimensional plots like scatter plots to understand data properties and find patterns.
3) Using base plotting systems, lattice systems, and ggplot2 systems which offer different levels of customization for creating plots.
4) Addressing issues like scaling, cost, and clustering when analyzing exploratory data.
Graph theory is widely used in science and everyday life. It can model real world problems and systems using vertices to represent objects and edges to represent connections between objects. The document discusses several applications of graph theory in chemistry, physics, biology, computer science, operations research, Google Maps, and the internet. For example, in chemistry graph theory is used to model molecules with atoms as vertices and bonds as edges. In computer science, graph theory concepts are used to develop algorithms for problems like finding shortest paths in a network.
A walk through the maze of understanding Data Visualization using several tools such as Python, R, Knime and Google Data Studio.
This workshop is hands-on and this set of presentations is designed to be an agenda to the workshop
PCA transforms correlated variables into uncorrelated variables called principal components. It finds the directions of maximum variance in high-dimensional data by computing the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix. The first principal component accounts for as much of the variability in the data as possible, and each succeeding component accounts for as much of the remaining variability as possible. Dimensionality reduction is achieved by ignoring components with small eigenvalues, retaining only the most significant components.
This document provides information about international payment methods, including bills of exchange, trade bills, promissory notes, checks, and cards. It focuses on bills of exchange, defining them, describing their key characteristics of abstraction, compulsory payment, and negotiability. The document outlines the forms of bills of exchange, contents, acceptance, endorsement, guarantees, protests, and discounting. It also provides brief information on promissory notes, including examples of on-demand and term promissory notes.
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The document discusses various ways that Java code can be made less verbose through the use of polyglot programming on the JVM. It provides examples of how features like standard beans, closures/functions, and enhanced switch statements can be implemented more concisely in languages like Groovy and Scala that run on the JVM compared to Java code. It also mentions that Java interoperates well with these other JVM languages.
Online video consumption in China is very popular. Richard Matsumoto, VP of Regional Business Development for APACJ and Greater China at Telstra Software Group, discusses how video content viewed over the internet in China has seen tremendous growth. The passage also includes a quote from Bruce Lee about being flexible and adapting to your environment like water.
This document summarizes the key features of Zotzing Guitar Lessons. It highlights their proven teaching plan focused on short drills, top quality lessons with 24/7 support and a vast library of resources. It also notes that lessons are intense but fun, with a friendly and relaxed environment and drills that lead to more progress. Their approach is tailored to how the student's mind works with short timed drills and practice routines to achieve faster progress and more enjoyment. Lessons are structured for maximum results through a logical approach and tailored to individual tastes, style, needs and goals.
Are you overwhelmed by Twitter, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and more? There are a million networks to broadcast yourself on and very few hours in a day. Social media manager and burlesque performer Erica McGillivray (Vicious Wishes) walks you through how to get your social media channels under control. Learn how to:
- Choose the right management software for your life.
- Pick the right networks for your audience.
- Prove your audience is coming to your shows.
- Set realistic goals around your social media.
Created for BurlyCon 2015
The document discusses responsive design, which allows websites to automatically adapt their layout to different screen sizes and devices like desktops, mobile phones, and tablets. It explains that responsive design uses CSS media queries to apply different styling based on screen width, providing custom styles for the same HTML content on different devices. While responsive design is a step forward, it has some browser compatibility issues and images may not resize responsively, though JavaScript can help address these limitations. Overall, responsive design allows a single website to be optimized for all devices.
Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis with ggplot2yannabraham
- The document introduces the ggplot2 package for creating elegant graphics for data analysis in R.
- It discusses how ggplot2 implements the grammar of graphics framework to streamline the creation of visualizations from data by mapping variables to aesthetics and defining layers, scales, and coordinates.
- Examples show how ggplot2 can be used to easily create plots from data to identify trends compared to more complex code in base R or other tools like Excel. The plyr package is also introduced for simplifying common data transformation tasks.
Graphs in data structures are non-linear data structures made up of a finite ...bhargavi804095
Graphs in data structures are non-linear data structures made up of a finite number of nodes or vertices and the edges that connect them. Graphs in data structures are used to address real-world problems in which it represents the problem area as a network like telephone networks, circuit networks, and social networks
This document provides an overview of geospatial analytics in Spark. It discusses the challenges of geospatial analysis including projections, indexing, data curation, and system libraries. It then presents case studies on large-scale geospatial joins, spatial disaggregation, and pattern of life analysis. Live demos are shown for each case study. Key lessons learned are to standardize data formats, leverage datalakes, use domain-driven design, test scaling, and leverage existing work from others.
From Data to Knowledge thru Grailog Visualizationgiurca
Visualization of Data & Knowledge: Graphs Remove Entry Barrier to Logic: From 1-dimensional symbol-logic knowledge specification to 2-dimensional graph-logic visualization in a systematic 2D syntax; Supports human in the loop across knowledge elicitation, specification, validation, and reasoning; Combinable with graph transformation, (‘associative’) indexing & parallel processing for efficient implementation of specifications
Slide show for the webinar on "Spatial Data Science with R" organized for the GeoDevelopers.org community. The video of the webinar and all the related materials including source code and sample data can be downloaded from this link: http://amsantac.co/blog/en/2016/08/07/spatial-data-science-r.html
In this webinar I talked about Data Science in the context of its application to spatial data and explained how we can use the R language for the analysis of geographic information within the different stages of a data science workflow, from the import and processing of spatial data to visualization and publication of results.
This document discusses using Python and the pandas library for financial data analysis. It provides an overview of pandas, describing it as providing rich data structures like DataFrame for working with financial time series and panel data. It highlights pandas' features for fast data alignment, time series functionality, and SQL-like operations which make it well-suited for financial analysis tasks. The document also presents pandas as addressing weaknesses that Python previously had for statistical analysis and filling gaps relative to data analysis tools like R.
Python for Financial Data Analysis with pandasWes McKinney
This document discusses using Python and the pandas library for financial data analysis. It provides an overview of pandas, describing it as a tool that offers rich data structures and SQL-like functionality for working with time series and cross-sectional data. The document also outlines some key advantages of Python for financial data analysis tasks, such as its simple syntax, powerful built-in data types, and large standard library.
This document provides an overview of clustering techniques. It defines clustering as grouping a set of similar objects into classes, with objects within a cluster being similar to each other and dissimilar to objects in other clusters. The document then discusses partitioning, hierarchical, and density-based clustering methods. It also covers mathematical elements of clustering like partitions, distances, and data types. The goal of clustering is to minimize a similarity function to create high similarity within clusters and low similarity between clusters.
Comparing Vocabularies for Representing Geographical Features and Their GeometryGhislain Atemezing
The document compares vocabularies for representing geographical features and geometry on the semantic web. It finds that few vocabularies are widely reused, including W3C Geo, OS spatial relations, and NeoGeo. Feature modeling approaches include authority lists, SKOS categories, and domain ontologies. Geometry is modeled using points, rectangles, lists of points, and more structured representations. The document also provides recommendations for publishing French geographical data as linked data, such as using suitable ontologies to represent complex geometries and connecting features to geometry.
Introduction to Graph neural networks @ Vienna Deep Learning meetupLiad Magen
Graphs are useful data structures that can be used to model various sorts of data: from molecular protein structures to social networks, pandemic spreading models, and visually rich content such as websites & invoices. In the recent few years, graph neural networks have done a huge leap forward. It is a powerful tool that every data scientist should know. In this talk, we will review their basic structure, show some example usages, and explore the existing (python) tools.
Exploratory Analysis Part1 Coursera DataScience SpecialisationWesley Goi
The document discusses exploratory data analysis techniques in R, including various plotting systems and graph types. It provides code examples for creating boxplots, histograms, bar plots, and scatter plots in Base, Lattice, and ggplot2. It also covers downloading data, transforming data, adding scales and themes, and creating faceted plots. The final challenge involves creating a boxplot with rectangles to represent regions and jittered points to show trends over years.
Ehtsham Elahi, Senior Research Engineer, Personalization Science and Engineer...MLconf
Spark and GraphX in the Netflix Recommender System: We at Netflix strive to deliver maximum enjoyment and entertainment to our millions of members across the world. We do so by having great content and by constantly innovating on our product. A key strategy to optimize both is to follow a data-driven method. Data allows us to find optimal approaches to applications such as content buying or our renowned personalization algorithms. But, in order to learn from this data, we need to be smart about the algorithms we use, how we apply them, and how we can scale them to our volume of data (over 50 million members and 5 billion hours streamed over three months). In this talk we describe how Spark and GraphX can be leveraged to address some of our scale challenges. In particular, we share insights and lessons learned on how to run large probabilistic clustering and graph diffusion algorithms on top of GraphX, making it possible to apply them at Netflix scale.
FOSS4G 2011 Presentation
What better way to perform geoprocessing than on a graph! And what better dataset to play with than Open Street Map!
Since we presented Neo4j Spatial at FOSS4G last year, our support for geoprocessing functions and for modeling, editing and visualization of OSM data has improved considerably. We will discuss the advantages of using a graph database for geographic data and geoprocessing, and we will demonstrate this using the amazing Open Street Map data model.
The document discusses graph databases and their advantages over traditional relational databases. It covers the NoSQL movement, graph databases, use cases for graph databases like social networks and semantic web applications. It provides an overview of graph database technologies like Neo4j and DEX and examples of querying and modeling data in a graph database using Neo4j.rb.
(Berkeley CS186 guest lecture) Big Data Analytics Systems: What Goes Around C...Reynold Xin
(Berkeley CS186 guest lecture)
Big Data Analytics Systems: What Goes Around Comes Around
Introduction to MapReduce, GFS, HDFS, Spark, and differences between "Big Data" and database systems.
The document describes the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK), a MapReduce framework for analyzing large DNA sequencing datasets. The GATK aims to simplify the development of analysis tools for next-generation sequencing data by providing structured access to sequencing reads and reference context, and a plug-in model for writing analysis tools. It uses a MapReduce approach to divide data into independent chunks that can be processed in parallel. The document outlines the GATK workflow and concepts, and provides an example of a simple Bayesian genotyper implementation within the GATK framework.
Map-Side Merge Joins for Scalable SPARQL BGP ProcessingAlexander Schätzle
In recent times, it has been widely recognized that, due to their inherent scalability, frameworks based on MapReduce are indispensable for so-called "Big Data" applications. However, for Semantic Web applications using SPARQL, there is still a demand for sophisticated MapReduce join techniques for processing basic graph patterns, which are at the core of SPARQL. Renowned for their stable and efficient performance, sort-merge joins have become widely used in DBMSs. In this paper, we demonstrate the adaptation of merge joins for SPARQL BGP processing with MapReduce. Our technique supports both n-way joins and sequences of join operations by applying merge joins within the map phase of MapReduce while the reduce phase is only used to fulfill the preconditions of a subsequent join iteration.
Our experiments with the LUBM benchmark show an average performance benefit between 15% and 48% compared to other MapReduce based approaches while at the same time scaling linearly with the RDF dataset size.
The document proposes a novel neural parsing model that represents syntactic relationships between words as distances and uses a greedy decoding approach to avoid compounding errors. It achieves state-of-the-art performance on the Penn Treebank with an F1 score of 91.8, outperforming transition-based and chart parsing models. The model consists of a biLSTM encoder that maps sentences to syntactic distances, followed by a top-down greedy decoder that reconstructs parse trees from the distances without exposure to its own mistakes during training or inference.
This document provides an overview of the "Beyond Programmable Shading" course being offered at the University of Washington in Winter 2011. The course aims to teach students about the state-of-the-art in real-time rendering hardware, programming models, and algorithms. It will cover GPU and CPU architectures, parallel programming models for graphics, and the latest real-time rendering techniques. The course will be taught by Aaron Lefohn from Intel and Mike Houston from AMD.
This document introduces Google Charts, which allows users to create interactive charts and reports from structured data and integrate them directly into websites or gadgets. It describes the technology used, different types of charts that can be created, and how to load and visualize data from sources like JavaScript arrays, Google Docs spreadsheets, JSON, and external data queries. It also provides examples of options for customizing charts, filtering data views, and integrating charts into HTML.
The ENCODE project has produced a massive amount of transcriptome data, made possible by the collaboration of a world wide consortium of laboratories. During the project it was critical to immediately know what data was being produced by which lab. The ENCODE RNA dashboard kept the researchers informed about new results, even before they were officially registered with the ENCODE Data Coordination Center (DCC). It was instrumental for management to have direct insight into the current state of the project at any given point in time. Collaborators could quickly proceed with their own analysis steps once the raw data and processed results were published on the dashboard by other groups. The dashboard was also enriched with direct links to additional summary statistics that had been published using the Grape RNA-Seq pipeline.
Now that the project has yielded its results, the ENCODE dashboard still remains the only central place collecting all the RNA data produced by the ENCODE project. The international research community can explore the wide range of experiments, and quickly find and download the exact data sets they need for their own data analysis. The dashboard is not only useful for web access, but command line users will enjoy the friendly batch processing capabilities.
There is a huge demand to provide the same kind of dashboard for additional ENCODE projects, and with the new version of our dashboard software package, the system can even be extrapolated to any other bioinformatics project having to deal with a lot of data. For example, the ENCODE Mouse (Mus musculus) dashboard is one of the upcoming dashboards, replicating the success of the ENCODE hg19 (Homo sapiens) dashboard.
Pandas is a powerful Python library for data analysis and manipulation. It provides rich data structures for working with structured and time series data easily. Pandas allows for data cleaning, analysis, modeling, and visualization. It builds on NumPy and provides data frames for working with tabular data similarly to R's data frames, as well as time series functionality and tools for plotting, merging, grouping, and handling missing data.
Pandas is a Python library for data analysis and manipulation of structured data. It allows working with time series, grouping data, merging datasets, and performing statistical computations. Pandas provides data structures like Series for 1D data and DataFrame for 2D data that make it easy to reindex, select subsets, and handle missing data. It integrates well with NumPy and Matplotlib for numerical processing and visualization.
Repoze Bfg - presented by Rok Garbas at the Python Barcelona Meetup October 2...maikroeder
This document introduces Repoze.BFG, a Python web framework that aims to provide a simple yet powerful way to build web applications. It allows developers to use popular Zope technologies like security, templating, and components without needing the full Zope framework. BFG stands for "Big Friendly Giant" and provides common features like routing, security, and templating while avoiding complexity and only including what is necessary. It uses the Chameleon templating engine and allows the use of Zope interfaces, components and other utilities via lightweight integration.
Cms - Content Management System Utilities for Djangomaikroeder
I used these slides for a presentation at the Barcelona Python Meetup in April 2008.
https://tracpub.yaco.es/cmsutils/
Cmsutils for Django is a bundle of models and templates for Django projects in need of some Content Management System features.
Plone Conference 2007: Acceptance Testing In Plone Using Funittest - Maik Rödermaikroeder
Learn how to guarantee the quality of your Plone site using the Funittest functional test stack. Funittest uses Selenium Remote Control to run in-browser acceptance tests. Funittest contains scripted acceptance tests, use case scenarios and domain-specific vocabularies covering a wide range of actions a user can perform in a Plone site. Given the extensive library of reusable scripts, verbs, scenarios and tests, you will find that test driven development becomes a lot of fun with Funittest, and you will find it easy to extend the functional test stack when appropriate.
Technoblade The Legacy of a Minecraft Legend.Techno Merch
Technoblade, born Alex on June 1, 1999, was a legendary Minecraft YouTuber known for his sharp wit and exceptional PvP skills. Starting his channel in 2013, he gained nearly 11 million subscribers. His private battle with metastatic sarcoma ended in June 2022, but his enduring legacy continues to inspire millions.
Architectural and constructions management experience since 2003 including 18 years located in UAE.
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1. Introduction to ggplot2
Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis
Maik Röder
15.12.2011
RUGBCN and Barcelona Code Meetup
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2. Data Analysis Steps
• Prepare data
• e.g. using the reshape framework for restructuring
data
• Plot data
• e.g. using ggplot2 instead of base graphics and
lattice
• Summarize the data and refine the plots
• Iterative process
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3. ggplot2
grammar of graphics
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4. Grammar
• Oxford English Dictionary:
• The fundamental principles or rules of an art or
science
• A book presenting these in methodical form.
(Now rare; formerly common in the titles of
books.)
• System of rules underlying a given language
• An abstraction which facilitates thinking, reasoning
and communicating
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5. The grammar of graphics
• Move beyond named graphics (e.g. “scatterplot”)
• gain insight into the deep structure that underlies
statistical graphics
• Powerful and flexible system for
• constructing abstract graphs (set of points)
mathematically
• Realizing physical representations as graphics by
mapping aesthetic attributes (size, colour) to graphs
• Lacking openly available implementation
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6. Specification
Concise description of components of a graphic
• DATA - data operations that create variables
from datasets. Reshaping using an Algebra with
operations
• TRANS - variable transformations
• SCALE - scale transformations
• ELEMENT - graphs and their aesthetic attributes
• COORD - a coordinate system
• GUIDE - one or more guides
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7. Birth/Death Rate
Source: http://www.scalloway.org.uk/popu6.htm
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8. Excess birth
(vs. death) rates in selected countries
Source: The grammar of Graphics, p.13
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9. Grammar of Graphics
Specification can be run in GPL implemented in SPSS
DATA: source("demographics")
DATA: longitude,
latitude = map(source("World"))
TRANS: bd = max(birth - death, 0)
COORD: project.mercator()
ELEMENT: point(position(lon * lat),
size(bd),
color(color.red))
ELEMENT: polygon(position(longitude *
latitude))
Source: The grammar of Graphics, p.13
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10. Rearrangement of Components
Grammar of Graphics Layered Grammar of
Graphics
Data Defaults
Trans Data
Mapping
Element Layer
Data
Mapping
Geom
Stat
Scale Position
Guide Scale
Coord
Coord Facet
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11. Layered Grammar of Graphics
Implementation embedded in R using ggplot2
w <- world
d <- demographics
d <- transform(d,
bd = pmax(birth - death, 0))
p <- ggplot(d, aes(lon, lat))
p <- p + geom_polygon(data = w)
p <- p + geom_point(aes(size = bd),
colour = "red")
p <- p + coord_map(projection = "mercator")
p
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12. ggplot2
• Author: Hadley Wickham
• Open Source implementation of the layered
grammar of graphics
• High-level R package for creating publication-
quality statistical graphics
• Carefully chosen defaults following basic
graphical design rules
• Flexible set of components for creating any type of
graphics
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13. ggplot2 installation
• In R console:
install.packages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
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14. qplot
• Quickly plot something with qplot
• for exploring ideas interactively
• Same options as plot converted to ggplot2
qplot(carat, price,
data=diamonds,
main = "Diamonds",
asp = 1)
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16. Exploring with qplot
First try:
qplot(carat, price,
data=diamonds)
Log transform using functions on the variables:
qplot(log(carat),
log(price),
data=diamonds)
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18. from qplot to ggplot
qplot(carat, price,
data=diamonds,
main = "Diamonds",
asp = 1)
p <- ggplot(diamonds, aes(carat, price))
p <- p + geom_point()
p <- p + opts(title = "Diamonds",
aspect.ratio = 1)
p
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19. Data and mapping
• If you need to flexibly restructure and
aggregate data beforehand, use Reshape
• data is considered an independent concern
• Need a mapping of what variables are
mapped to what aesthetic
• weight => x, height => y, age => size
• Mappings are defined in scales
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20. Statistical Transformations
• a stat transforms data
• can add new variables to a dataset
• that can be used in aesthetic mappings
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21. stat_smooth
• Fits a smoother to the data
• Displays a smooth and its standard error
ggplot(diamonds, aes(carat, price)) +
geom_point() + geom_smooth()
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32. Coordinate System
• Maps the position of objects into the plane
• Affect all position variables simultaneously
• Change appearance of geoms (unlike scales)
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33. coord_map
library("maps")
map <- map("nz", plot=FALSE)[c("x","y")]
m <- data.frame(map)
n <- qplot(x, y, data=m, geom="path")
n
d <- data.frame(c(0), c(0))
n + geom_point(data = d, colour = "red")
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39. Faceting Formula
no faceting .~ .
single row multiple columns .~ a
single column, multiple rows b~.
multiple rows and columns a~b
.~ a + b
multiple variables in rows and/or
a + b ~.
columns
a+b~c+d
vendredi 16 décembre 2011 39
40. Scales in Facets
facet_grid(. ~ cyl, scales="free_x")
scales value free
fixed -
free x, y
free_x x
free_y y
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41. Layers
• Iterativey update a plot
• change a single feature at a time
• Think about the high level aspects of the
plot in isolation
• Instead of choosing a static type of plot,
create new types of plots on the fly
• Cure against immobility
• Developers can easily develop new layers
without affecting other layers
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42. Hierarchy of defaults
Omitted layer Default chosen by layer
Stat Geom
Geom Stat
Mapping Plot default
Coord Cartesian coordinates
Chosen depending on aesthetic and type of
Scale
variable
Linear scaling for continuous variables
Position
Integers for categorical variables
vendredi 16 décembre 2011 42
43. Thanks!
• Visit the ggplot2 homepage:
• http://had.co.nz/ggplot2/
• Get the ggplot2 book:
• http://amzn.com/0387981403
• Get the Grammar of Graphics book from
Leland Wilkinson:
• http://amzn.com/0387245448
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