Introduction lec 1.ppt
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This document discusses computer organization and architecture. It explains that architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets, while organization is how features are implemented internally. Understanding computer structure and function helps design better applications by making informed decisions. The document outlines the top-level structure of a computer system and the components of the central processing unit, including the control unit which sequences operations.
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This document provides an introduction to the course "Computer Architecture and Organization" (ECEG-3202). It defines key concepts of architecture and organization, noting that architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets, while organization refers to implementation details. It outlines the functional components of computers as data processing, storage, movement, and control. The document also gives an overview of the structure of computers at the top level and within the central processing unit.
computer organization and architecture.ppt
This document provides an introduction to computer architecture and organization. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, such as instruction sets and data representation. Organization is defined as how the architectural features are implemented in hardware. The document notes that while different computer families may share the same architecture, ensuring code compatibility, their internal organizations may differ. It also distinguishes between computer architecture, which focuses on high-level functionalities, and computer organization, which describes how components are arranged and interconnected at a low level.
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The document discusses the differences between architecture and organization in computer systems. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets and data representation. Organization refers to how features are implemented internally, like control signals and memory technology. While different systems may share the same architecture for compatibility, their internal organizations can differ between versions. The document also outlines the structure and functions of computers at different levels from the overall system down to the CPU and its components.
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The document discusses the differences between computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers like instruction sets, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally. It also discusses the functional view of a computer in terms of data movement, control, storage, and processing. Finally, it outlines the chapters of the book which will cover topics like CPU structure, instruction sets, and computer evolution.
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This document introduces key concepts about computer architecture and organization. Architecture refers to attributes visible to programmers, like instruction sets and data representation. Organization refers to how features are implemented in hardware. While different computer families may share the same architecture for compatibility, their internal organization differs. All computer functions involve data processing, storage, and movement, controlled by a central processing unit. The document outlines the chapters of a textbook on computer organization and architecture and provides internet resources for further information.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts from William Stallings' Computer Organization and Architecture textbook. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to a programmer, such as instruction set and data representation, while organization refers to how features are implemented internally, like control signals and memory technology. It notes that while instruction sets may be compatible across systems from the same manufacturer, the internal organization can differ between versions. The document also gives a high-level overview of the book's chapter topics and provides some recommended Internet resources for additional information on computer architecture topics.
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computer organization and architecture.ppt
This document provides an introduction to computer architecture and organization. It defines architecture as the attributes visible to programmers, such as instruction sets and data representation. Organization is defined as how the architectural features are implemented in hardware. The document notes that while different computer families may share the same architecture, ensuring code compatibility, their internal organizations may differ. It also distinguishes between computer architecture, which focuses on high-level functionalities, and computer organization, which describes how components are arranged and interconnected at a low level.
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2. It defines what an embedded system is, discusses the hardware and software components, and classification of microprocessors.
3. The document covers advantages of programmable CPUs, functionality of embedded systems, challenges in design, performance aspects, and formalisms for system design including UML.
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List and describe various features of electronic systems.List and .pdf
List and describe various features of electronic systems.
List and discuss the steps in designing an embedded system.
Solution
Electronic system level (ESL) design and verification is an emerging electronic design
methodology that focuses primarily on the higher abstraction level concerns. The termElectronic
System Level or ESL Design was first defined by Gartner Dataquest, an EDA-industry-analysis
firm, on February 1, 2001. It is defined in the ESL Design and Verification book as: \"the
utilization of appropriate abstractions in order to increase comprehension about a system, and to
enhance the probability of a successful implementation of functionality in a cost-effective
manner.\" The basic premise is to model the behavior of the entire system using a high-level
language such as C, C++, LabVIEW, or MATLAB or using graphical \"model-based\" design
tools like SystemVue, VisualSim Architect or Simulink. Newer languages are emerging that
enable the creation of a model at a higher level of abstraction including general purpose system
design languages like SysML as well as those that are specific to embedded system design like
SMDL and SSDL supported by emerging system design automation products like Teraptor.
Rapid and correct-by-construction implementation of the system can be automated using EDA
tools such as high-level synthesis and embedded softwaretools, although much of it is performed
manually today. ESL can also be accomplished through the use of SystemC as an abstract
modeling language.
Electronic System Level is now an established approach at most of the world’s leading System-
on-a-chip (SoC) design companies, and is being used increasingly in system design.[citation
needed] From its genesis as an algorithm modeling methodology with ‘no links to
implementation’, ESL is evolving into a set of complementary methodologies that enable
embedded system design, verification, and debugging through to the hardware and software
implementation of custom SoC, system-on-FPGA, system-on board, and entire multi-board
systems.
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An embedded system is one with computing hardware that has software “embedded” in it as one
of its core components. We are surrounded by embedded systems that add luxury to our lives
like mobile handsets, washing machines, microwaves, ATM machines, and air conditioners, to
name just a few. Because of certain application requirements, engineers have to approach
embedded design in a different way than other types of designs.
The following offers a brief step-by-step approach to follow while designing an embedded
system
1. Proposal: - An innovative idea or system that makes life easier and/or reduces the amount of
human effort required to complete a task.
2. Definition: - Next, the whole system needs to be designed, including what it will do under all
possible sets of input conditions. This definition is perhaps the most critical part, as any error
here will affect the working of whole system.
I. I/O Considerations: -.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
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💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
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3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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- 1. Computer Organization and Architecture Chapter 1 Introduction
- 2. Why should we study this subject? The subject explores how machines are designed, built, and operate. Knowing what's inside and how it works will help you design, develop, and implement applications better, faster, cheaper, more efficient, and easier to use because you will be able to make informed decisions.
- 3. Architecture & Organization 1 Architecture is those attributes visible to the programmer Instruction set, number of bits used for data representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing techniques. e.g. Is there a multiple instruction? Organization is how features are implemented Control signals, interfaces, memory technology. e.g. Is there a hardware multiple unit or is it done by repeated addition?
- 4. Architecture & Organization 2 All Intel x86 family share the same basic architecture The IBM System/370 family share the same basic architecture This gives code compatibility At least backwards Organization differs between different versions
- 5. Structure & Function Structure is the way in which components relate to each other Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure
- 6. Function All computer functions are: Data processing Data storage Data movement Control
- 8. Operations (a) Data movement
- 10. Operation (c) Processing from/to storage
- 11. Operation (d) Processing from storage to I/O
- 12. Structure - Top Level Computer Main Memory Input Output Systems Interconnection Peripherals Communication lines Central Processing Unit Computer
- 13. Structure - The CPU Computer Arithmetic and Login Unit Control Unit Internal CPU Interconnection Registers CPU I/O Memory System Bus CPU
- 14. Structure - The Control Unit CPU Control Memory Control Unit Registers and Decoders Sequencing Login Control Unit ALU Registers Internal Bus Control Unit