Design Decisions For Understanding Software Architecture

Design Decisions For Understanding Software Architecture
Comparison of Different Architectural Styles Arpita P.Biswas
Student
Rahul Maheshwari
Student
Prof. Hema Gaikwad
Asst. Professor
SICSR
SICSR SICSR
Abstract: Software architecture is important because of communication among stakeholders, Design
decisions for understanding software, transferable design of a system. Software architecture
represents a common design of a system that most if not all of the system 's stakeholders can use as
a basis for mutual understanding, negotiation, agreement, and communication. Software architecture
manifests the earliest design decisions about a system, and these early bindings carry weight .It is
also the earliest point at which design decisions governing the system to be built can be analyzed.
Software architecture constitutes a relatively small, intellectually understandable model for how a
system is structured and how its elements work together, and this model is transferable across
systems. There are different types of architectural styles: Distributed architecture, data flow
architecture, implicit asynchronous architecture, data centered architecture, hierarchical architecture
and interaction oriented architecture. This paper compares all the architectural styles and aspects of
comparison are category, styles, advantages, disadvantages, examples.
Keywords: Distributed Architecture, Data Flow Architecture, Implicit Asynchronous
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The Analysis And Design Phase Of The Sdlc Of A Project
1.Differentiating the Analysis and Design phase of the SDLC of a project, including various
activities of the design stage
The structure and order of activities exercised for the advance of systems, are known as the "System
Development Life Cycle". The activities and processes within this outline are typically executed
according to a sound defined and complete sets of process known as methodologies. These
methodologies comprise specific actions for the requirement analysis as well as the design of
mutually the data and development sections of the arrangement.
We initiate the development of the project through the primary phase or stage of SDLC which is an
analysis of the requirements as well as specification of the requirements. The next is the design
phase, which comprises of the low level and high level design activities. The further investigates
with the database and system design activities in the complete SDLC process.
System Analysis diagram for analyzing the data required for the project:
Analysis is the division of the substantial or intellectual entire into its component parts for person
reading; the affirmed verdicts of like a determination or separation. Whereas the System design is
that group of activities and processes whereby the requirements as to how the information is to be
collected, processed, maintained, into data along with made accessible to the client who cleared
those requirements. It is an arrangement for what actions should be executed on

Essay on Comparison Of Java, Javascript, Java Applets And...
Comparison of Java, JavaScript, Java Applets and Java Beans
Introduction Starting back in the early 1990's with the introduction of Java to the computer scene
there has been many updates and advances in how languages interact with web based programs. In
this paper we are going to highlight several areas of several different Java flavors. The flavors we
are addressing are Java, JavaScript, Java Applets and JavaBeans. We will discuss their history,
features, usage and syntax and finally follow up with a chart providing a comparison of the different
Java architectures.
History
Java, a language based on C++, was developed by James Gosling and colleagues at Sun
Microsystems in the early 1990's. (Java programming language, n.d.) It was ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
JavaScript was commonly used to manipulate images and document contents. There were early
issues with JavaScript; security flaws, lack of development tools and often criticized for "being too
unlike Java, or too much like Perl." (Champeon, 2001) However, JavaScript took on a life all its
own and in some circles was written off due to its simpleness, its security flaws and to some extent
because it could only be tested within the browser environment.
A Java Applet is a small program written in Java, which can be downloaded to any computer. The
applet is usually embedded in an HTML page on a Web site and can be executed from within a
browser. "JavaSoft, the current name of the company which oversees the development of the Java
language, was founded in January of 1996, and a few months later released the Java Development
Kit (JDK) version 1.0." (Youmans, 1997) The concept of an applet came out of the creation on the
Java language. "It enabled users to produce programs named applets which could be transmitted and
run over the Internet, a somewhat different end product from what was originally envisioned back at
the beginning of the decade." (Youmans, 1997) Java Applets came about as a requirement for adding
functionalities to HTML documents,

Architecture Of The Security System
Chapter Three
Architecture of the security System
3.1 Introduction
This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to
establish Zero–Knowledge protocol model, the established proto–type is a web–based application,
represented as a web–site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity
are covered by the security system.
3.2 Architecture of the security system
In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibility and resistant any potential change,
the security system is designed and consists of three layers: the user interface layer, the application
logic layer and the database layer. All these layers in the security system the main goal is to make
applications evolve and implementation easy and efficient.
The first layer(interface layer) offers to the user a friendly and convenient entry to contact with the
system.The second layer (application logic layer) implements the controlling functionalities and
manipulating the underlying logic connection of information flows; finally the data modeling job is
conducted by the database layer, which can store, index, manage and model information needed for
this application [41]. 3.2.1 Client Layer: The users (applicants) can access the data on the server
through any web–browser (like Google Chrome or Netscape). To build this system a number of sub–
programs were built using some programming languages. The main program was

E-Business and Technology Essay
Introduction
Primus Securities is an online trading company. The purpose of this paper is to review the decisions
that must be made to launch and maintain an online trading company.
Hardware is the first element addressed; servers, system memory, and hosting decisions will be
reviewed. The second portion is software and includes items such as design, security and data
storage. To make the web site available to customers, connectivity issues and options will be
examined. A comparison to sites such as Ameritrade, Charles Schwab and E–Trade is also included.
A lot of customer expectations will have been established by those websites and Primus will have to
include many of the same offerings and then add something extra to win customers. ... Show more
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The application server will provide the processing power for the transactions that are processed on
the website. The most important considerations for this server are its speed and memory. The
website being designed by Primus will eventually include a comprehensive list of features. Each one
of these features will place an additional burden on the system processes and memory. In support of
the demands placed on an application server's memory and processing power, Rayport–Jaworski
(2003) says "The logic involved in implementing the business rules can at time be convoluted and
can require a fair amount of processing power to determine" (p. 362).
The requirements of the web server will depend a great deal on the architecture of the site. If the
page displays are largely a product of the logic of the application servers, the web server's job will
be a simple matter of passing data to the application server. If a large number of static pages such as
forms and documents are utilized in the site, the web server's job will be more demanding. The
situation expected at Primus is that it will have a number of different page templates and a great deal
of processing to generate the content for these templates. For this reason, the web server will be one
with disk storage and access speed beyond the capabilities of the application server, but less than the
capabilities of the database server. The processing speed

Sun Microsystems, Inc. Essay
Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Sun Microsystems, Inc. is a worldwide provider of products, services and support solutions for
building and maintaining network–computing environments. The Company sells scalable computer
systems, high–speed microprocessors and high performance software for operating network
computing equipment and storage products. The Company also provides support, education and
professional services. The Company's products are used for many demanding commercial and
technical applications in various industries including telecommunications, manufacturing, financial
services, education, retail, government, energy and healthcare. Sun Microsystems' lines of business
include Computer Systems and Storage, Enterprise Services, Software ... Show more content on
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They offer significant scalability, reliability, availability, serviceability and performance. In addition,
enterprise servers share common components and offer binary compatibility for all application
environments because they all run the Solaris Operating Environment on the UltraSPARC
architecture.
Software Systems designs, develops and brings to market Sun Microsystems' Solaris Operating
Environment, the Java platform and the Company's core technologies for consumer and embedded
markets including implementations that utilize the Java technology, Jini connection technology,
XML technology, software development tools and the StarOffice application software. The Sun Ray
1, Sun Ray 100 and Sun Ray 150 enterprise appliances, with their Sun Hot Desk technology, are
easy–to–use, low–cost networked devices. Unlike personal computers, which require an operating
system and applications running locally on the desktop, the Sun Ray appliances allow for instant
access to existing applications and resources on the network, regardless of the underlying platform.
Network Service Provider designs, develops and brings to market carrier–grade software, systems
and storage for traditional telecommunications customers as well as service providers. The Network
Service Provider business focuses on the needs of network–based telecommunications companies,
cable operators, and the network equipment suppliers

James Love Barksdale: A Brief Biography
James "Jim" Love Barksdale was born on January 24, 1943 in Jackson, Mississippi and is currently
71 years old. Mr. Barksdale is one of six brothers. Barksdale strove regularly for the "Boy of the
Week" award which was a silver dollar his parents gave the son who performed an outstanding good
deed that week. One of his brothers, Rhesa Hawkins Barksdale, is a federal judge on the United
States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. Mr. Barksdale graduated from Murrah High School
and attended the University of Mississippi. He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Business
Administration. Barksdale is the wealthiest person in MS with net worth of 600 million. Barksdale
married Sally McDonnell (college sweetheart) and had 3 children with her. ... Show more content on
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The name was later changed to Netscape Communications Corporation when the University of
Illinois (which owned the trademark on the name Mosaic) threatened legal action. Netscape can be
considered an advocate for the dot com era. They were not the first internet start–up, but they were
the only one that mattered. Netscape produced Netscape Navigator which went on to become its first
widely popular internet application. Netscape Navigator became really popular after the launch of
the World Wide Web. Netscape Navigator introduced millions to the web. SSL, Java, JavaScript,
open APIs and support for online media were innovations that Netscape Navigator made relevant.
The next best thing of Netscape was the Netscape IPO. It helped launch the internet era that we are
currently living in. It is thought that Netscape was born in Silicon Valley, but actually it was in
Champaign Urbana, Illinois at the University of Illinois. It all started with a bunch of young
programmers and software developers hanging out in a basement. The group was called the software
development group. These programmers and software developers were working for barely above
minimum wage at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). Aleks Totic and
Jon Mittelhauser were a part of the group. Totic went on to develop Mac versions of both Mosaic
and Netscape Navigator and Mittelhauser went on to develop the Windows

Consultant's Analysis Project
Consultant's Analysis Report on Enterprise Systems
Charles P. Fonte III
IT 401
Information Technology Architectures
Instructor: Kenneth Orgill
Table of Contents
Abstract
The purpose of this project is to conduct an analysis research into the implementation and
management of this business enterprise system. This project deals with developing and upgrading
the computer system to handle to daily work load of our business while being able to conduct
communication between sites and data back–up. Furthermore, we will analyze other various
architectures features such as: system requirements, architecture selection, resources and timeline,
security and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
System Requirements To conduct an analysis of the systems requirements we will first need to
understand how the company's enterprise system is set–up. An enterprise system is the overall
combination of computer hardware and software that a business uses to organize and run its
operations. (What is enterprise system?)
Hardware Setup and Functions
The current set–up of the hardware is not conductive to a business environment. Main Building –
will require 7 computer stations with the most recent version of Operating System to ensure
compatibility and networking capabilities between each stations and the ability to communicate
between the two locations. They will require three servers, one for web hosting, one for database
management and one for emergency failure of any one server. These stations should be networked to
communicate with one another for proper data connection especially in the event of any one
computer station crashing. Each work station will need to be linked to each server for web hosting
and data backup. The cabling used for inside the main building should be 100Base TX cat 5 UTP,
for Wi–Fi and WLAN with guest access that is highly secure and reliable, we recommend a device
that is capable of supporting up to 15 different users with 450 Mbps. There needs to be 4 printer
services in this building. Printer 1 should have

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Front-End Developers
Front–end developer has an obligation for the interior design of a house that has been built by a
back–end developer. The taste and style of the decor is dictated by the owner of the web page. The
front end of a website is the section that users interact with and everything that one sees when you
are navigating around the Internet including fonts, colors to dropdown menu. Computer's browser
controls Cascading Style Sheets and JavaScript
Front–end developers are responsible for a website's user–experience code and the design and this
makes job pleasant for web site users. In order to execute these objectives, front–end developers
must be efficient in three main languages which are Hyper Text Markup Language, Cascading Style
Sheets and Java script ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CSS clarifies website maintenance and allocates web developers and designers a page to manage,
making life easy for web masters to delete, manage and change an element anywhere from one spot.
There is easy control and making alterations when compared with HTML. The disadvantages of
CSS
1. CSS provides different directions in each browser. Programmers should consider and test all
codes across multiple browsers for compatibility before broadcasting any website or mobile
application live. 2. There are different levels to CSS: CSS; CSS 2; CSS 3. This is confusing for
developers and browsers. These levels use different languages and one is preferred.
3. JavaScript has few rules and easy to follow, interpreted programming language. It is one of the
simple and effective languages used to expand functionality in websites. Uses range from on screen
visual effects to processing and calculating data on web pages with alleviate as well as extended
functionality to websites using third party scripts among several other handy features. It is designed
for creating network–centric applications. It is corresponding to and amalgamated with Java.
JavaScript is easy to implement because it is integrated with HTML.

Browser Wars
rowser warsBrowser Wars
Managing Innovation MBA–678
Professor John Byrne
November 20, 2012
Allyson Mabry
Executive Summary
Although Netscape had first mover advantage and a strong product; Microsoft was able to knock
them out of the competition for Internet browser control. This was accomplished mainly by bundling
Microsoft's Internet browser, Internet Explorer, with its operating systems. Netscape was unable to
compete and was ultimately purchased by America Online. AOL can now utilize several of the
Netscape's strengths to add value to their base product as an Internet portal and in establishing the
browser of the future that will be used in non–PC Internet connected devices.
Problem Statement
Microsoft is attempting to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The company agreed to concessions, mainly offering a version of Windows 95 without Internet
Explorer. However, this did not end the legal troubles. In 1998, federal and state antitrust suits were
brought against Microsoft.
America Online
America Online tried to invest in Netscape's first round of financing in 1994 and also attempted to
license Navigator, however neither action was successful. After a partnership proposal with
Netscape was turned down in 1996, AOL partnered made Internet Explorer its default browser. The
case gives three arguments for this agreement, "It(Internet Explorer) was free, Microsoft would
customize the browser to provide seamless integration with AOL, and Bill Gates was willing to
bundle access to AOL with Windows 95." AOl further entrenched itself in the browser battle by
acquiring Netscape in 1998.
Standardization
Despite their legal trouble, Microsoft continued to tightly integrated Internet Explorer into the code
of their newest operating system, while Netscape "viewed the browser as a graphical user interface
that could sit on top of Windows or any OS." Although Netscape championed the idea of open
technologies and general standardization, both companies focused more on innovation than
adherence to established standards. This caused subtle difference between the browser and made it
difficult for web designers. "The Web Standards Project, a developers' group, estimated in 1998 that
the need to accommodate

Software Requirement Specifications
Software Requirements Specification
1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This document is a definition of software requirements to develop an automated night class
enrolment system and flexible query database required by St.John's Central College. This document
will present the functional, non–functional, and design constraint requirements for the system to be
developed. Use case models and descriptions are included along with class diagrams to help model
and specify the functional requirements and specifications of the system.
1.2 Scope
The software application that this SRS applies to a night class automated enrolment system and
flexible query database required by St.John's Central College. This document is to be used as basis
for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3.2.3. The application should have a "Help" link that will pop–up a window explaining the
instructions.
3.3 Reliability
3.3.1. The system should be available and accessible online 99% of each month.
3.3.2. For system should never be allowed to permanently loose database memory.
3.3.3. For fatal failures that temporarily disable the entire system, the MTBF should be at least 6
weeks
3.3.4. For fatal failures that temporarily disable the entire system, the MTTR should be within 30
minutes 90% of the time, and within 2 hours 99.9% of the time.
3.3.5. The system should have no more than 2 open defects per thousand lines of code.
3.4 Performance
3.4.1. The average response time should be less than 4 seconds 80% of the time, and less than 8
seconds 99% of the time for clients that are connected to the server directly.
3.4.2. The network capacity should be able to support more than 10 Gbps.
3.5 Supportability
3.5.1 Use of open source software
The database management system is mySQL , scripting language is PHP and its function libraries.
In this system, PHP is used to develop the application logic that brings together the Web and the
relational database management system. Apache is a web server of a choice.
3.6 Design Constraints

3.6.1 Software requirements.
3.6.1.1. Server should support PHP scripting language
3.6.1.2. Apache as a web server
3.6.1.3. Database management system is mySQL
3.6.2 Hardware Requirements.
3.6.2.1 Pentium4 1.6G HZ Windows PCs

Linux And Microsoft Operating Systems Essay
Abstract
Linux and Microsoft operating systems have been developed and marketed in two very different
ways. Microsoft has become synonymous with monopoly and substandard software, while Linux is
based on free, open source and the concept of open standards, full disclosure and sharing. Microsoft
attempts to discourage consumers from using the Linux solution by suggesting that the operating
system is less than perfect, yet it remains blind to its own operating system's problems existent
within Windows 95/98 and Windows NT.
It's a well–known fact that Microsoft dominate the software market despite these facts. Are they
operating within legal and ethical boundaries? And is it possible that they could fall from grace
because of this?
`When ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Proprietary systems, such as DOS, Macintosh, VMS and MVS, traditionally have had nothing in
common, and vendors and systems integrators have had extreme difficulty porting applications
among them.
UNIX is an open system, and has recently seen quite well established market gains, and there are
several reasons for this. Above all, it is solid, dependable, standard and scalable. Workstations are
becoming popular and competitive with the ascendance of NT. Popularity is also due to the fact that
it's open source – ‘Companies in the US that are already using open source operating systems plan
to use it on almost 23% of their desktop machines by January 2002. Open source software will run
more than 34% of their company's servers by 2002.' (USA Today 06/01/00)
While companies like IBM, Oracle, and Netscape have begun to integrate their business model with
open source, many traditional software companies continue to focus on purely proprietary solutions.
In the web server space, Microsoft's complete denial of the open source phenomenon is almost
amusing. The Apache web server has more than 50% of the web serving market according the
Netcraft survey (http://www.netcraft.com/survey,07/01/02).
When you look at advertisements for Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS) you see that they
own over half the market in web serving – over half the commercial server market. When compared
against competitors like Netscape and Lotus, they have a substantial edge in

The World Wide Web History Essay
Task 1
Web history
The advent of the Internet started when the U.S. Government's Department of Defense collaborated
with some U.S. universities creating the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). This was
driven by the cold war between the West and the Soviet Union at the time where fear of traditional
communications breakdown may occur and phones stop working prompting the need for a backup
plan. Mainframe to mainframe (No PCs were made yet) direct communication or in other words, a
networking system that does not get affected, was created where everyone accesses data from
anywhere . The new name for that is the ARPANET.
ARPANET started to expand with more universities and military establishments in the US joining
the network, which became officially an Internet when the University College in London and the
Radar Establishment of Norway became members in 1973. The World Wide Web (WWW) was used
exclusively between research establishments and military establishments until the year 1991 when
the internet was made public and available for everyone.
Web Development and techniques and web stadards
The WWW went through several stages of evolution – and still is – from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0 with
Web 4.0 being developed currently. The W3C consortium was established in October 1994 and
headed by Tim Berners–Lee (the inventor of the WWW in 1989 who wrote the first browser and
created the first server) and still is with Al Vezza, and had the responsibility to set the standards

Project Manager, Robert Bosch Engineering And Business...
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and above all, I praise God, the almighty for providing me this
opportunity and empowering me to successfully complete this project. I would like to thank Robert
Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions Pvt Ltd for allowing me to pursue this course. I am also
very thankful for their aspiring guidance, technical support during the project work. I express my
warm thanks to Ms. M. Selvarani (Project Manager, Robert Bosch Engineering and Business
Solutions Pvt Ltd, Coimbatore) and Mr. M. Vijaibabu (Project Manager, Robert Bosch Engineering
and Business Solutions Pvt Ltd, Coimbatore.) for their continuous support and guidance throughout
my course. I am grateful to my colleagues Ms. Susanna, Mr. Manoj, Mr. Prabhakaran, and Ms.
Lavanya who assisted in technical concepts. Special thanks to my Mother, Wife and Little Son for
their continuous support and encouragement throughout my life and especially during this course.
List of Abbreviations Abbreviation Abbreviation description AJAX Asynchronous JavaScript and
XML CSS Cascading Style Sheets HTML Hypertext Markup Language HTTP Hypertext Transfer
Protocol JDBC Java Database Connectivity JSON JavaScript Object Notation MVC Model View
and Controller RBEI Robert Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions Pvt Ltd SQL Structured
Query Language Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 ORGANIZATIONAL
BACKGROUND 1 1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT 1 1.3 OBJECTIVE 2 1.4 SCOPE 2 CHAPTER 2
PROJECT

Microsoft and How It's a Monopoly Essay
Microsoft and How It's a Monopoly
Since 1990, a battle has raged in United States courts between the United States
government and the Microsoft Corporation out of Redmond, Washington, headed by Bill
Gates. What is at stake is money. The federal government maintains that Microsoft's
monopolistic practices are harmful to United States citizens, creating higher price and
potentially downgrading software quality, and should therefore be stopped. While
Microsoft and its supporter's claims that they are not breaking any laws, and are just
doing good business.
Microsoft's antitrust problems began for them in the early months of 1990, when
the Federal Trade Commission began investigating them for possible ... Show more content on
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The number of
computers shipped with a Microsoft operating systems installed, and not for computers
that ran other operating systems.
Another practice that the Justice Department accused Microsoft of was that
Microsoft would specify a minimum number of operating systems that the retailer had to
buy. This would eliminate any chance for another operating system vendor to get their
system installed until the retailer had installed all of the Microsoft operating systems that
it had installed.

In addition to specifying a minimum number of operating systems that a vendor
had to buy, Microsoft also would sing contracts with the vendors for long periods of time
such as two or three years. In order for a new operating system to gain popularity, it
would have to do so quickly, in order to show potential buyers that it was worth
something. With Microsoft signing long term contracts, they eliminated the chance for a
new operating system to gain the popularity needed quickly.
Probably the second most controversial issue, besides the per processor
agreement, was Microsoft's practice of tying. Tying was a practice in which Microsoft
would use their leverage in one market area, such as graphical user interfaces, to gain
leverage in another market. In the preceding example, Microsoft would use their
graphical user interface, window to sell their operating system, by offering discounts to

Comparing Client Server Architectural Style
Compare Client–Server architectural style to 3–Tier architectural style. What are the similarities and
differences ? Use bullet points or a short paragraph.
Client–Server architectural style to 3–Tier architectural style:
The client–server model refers to the Network Architecture where one or more computers are
connected a server.Client–server architecture divides the system into two applications, In this model
client sends request to the server. Server implementation is transparent but can be centralized or
distributed, single–threaded or multi–threaded single interface point with physically distributed
implementation Dynamic, transparent selection from among multiple interface points. The purpose
of networks is to allow communication ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The BL is running on a separate server, called the business logic tier, middle tier, or service tier.
Finally the DB is running on its own database server. Differences: Client–Server: cost (servers and
software can be expensive) server operating systems (a server and software work together; server
software is expensive; servers also add to the costs) implementation (sharing resources; network
cabling; servers kept in a secure room; central file management, central security administration; user
management and permissions, backup management) security and safety techniques to protect the
network from virus attacks, new products, and the use of new technologies (i.e., wireless
connections).
Client–server networks work best for larger setups, such as a full–scale office or school network ––
especially if the networks are likely to grow in size.
3–Tier Architecture: A 3–Tier usually puts something between the presentation and data store tire
such as a business logic tier.
3–Tier has a Middle part of stage to communicate with client to server, Where as in 2–Tier client
directly get communication to server. you can put this into 3 tiers depending on how much amount
of money you have for hardware and how amount load you expect.
3–Tier is straight means in that demand stream on Client Middle Layer Database server and
Response.
3–Tier is similar to a MVC But having contrast sorts in topologies.
Question 2
Complete
Marked out of 5.00 Not flaggedFlag

Computer Architecture : The Terminal Server Architecture
The first famous business applications architecture that was used in the 1950s until 1990 was the
terminal server architecture.
Mainframe architecture:
At the beginning of the application architecture world, we had mainframes that executed all the
applications logic in a centralized manner and the mini computers as terminals that just displayed
the applications screens to the users and captured user's inputs. The main advantage of this
architecture was that deployment was easy to perform. The main disadvantage was that user
interface was very limited, the display was characters based and the user's inputs was limited to a
keyboard.
Client/Server
The terminal server architecture was replaced in the 1990 with the client server architecture. In this
era most of the application logic was moved to the clients and the server was mostly limited to a
database server to exchange data between client and server. One on the main disadvantage of this
architecture was that, you needed to deploy the application on each client and there could be
potential compatibility issues between different clients.
Web App model:
In the early 2000, web application architecture started replacing client/server architecture. Most of
the application logic went back to the server like in the mainframes era. This model solved the
deployment problem that existed with the client server architecture, but brought back the problems
that were in the mainframe era of having to go to the server every time

Assignment Questions On Web Design
Name: Anthony Saunders
Unit 28: Website Production
Unit 20: Client Side Customisation of Web Pages
BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma in IT (2014–15)
Division: IT
Task 1: Issues in Website Design
Task1A/Unit28
Web Architecture
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol or tcp/ip is the de factor standard for transmitting
dater over networks, it is the way of communication protocol used to connect hosts to the internet.
Network operating systems also have their own protocols i.e. NetWare also supports tcp/ip
Domain names are the way to identify one or more ip addresses. i.e. google.com represents lots of ip
addresses; domain names are used in URLs to identify a particular web page. Each domain name
has a suffix that indicates what top level domain (TLD) it belongs to. The suffix's are
.gov– Government agencies
.edu Educational Institutions
.org Non profit organizations
.mil Military
.com Commercial business
.net Network organizations
.ca Canada
.ta Thailand
The internet is based on ip addresses not domain names every we server requires a domain name
system to translate domain names into ip addresses.
TLD or Top Level Domain's refers to the suffix attached to domain names, and each one represents
a top level domain. i.e. .com
FQDR or fully qualified domain name is the full address for a website; it includes a domain name, a
host and a top –level (suffix)
URL or Uniform Resource Lactor is the global address of all documents and recourses of the World

Advantages Of Extensible Markup Language
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.1 Introduction
What is the Extensible Markup Language (XML)? Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a subset
of the Standard Generalized Markup Language, which is a marker for an electronic document to
have a structured markup language.
In the computer, the mark symbol refers to information the computer can understand, by this token,
you can handle that contains a variety of information such as articles between computers. It can be
used to tag data, defining data types, is a technology that allows users to define their own markup
language source language. It is ideal for Web transmission, providing a unified approach to
describing and exchanging independent of applications or vendors of structured data. Internet ...
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Use in extensible markup language human language, which is talkative, rather than the computer
language used is binary and ASCII encoding. XML is even people who have had no formal
introduction to XML or already coached readability. This is because as simple HTML.
XML is like JAVA application is fully compatible with, and it can be used with any application
capable regardless of the platform it is being used in conjunction with the processing of XML. XML
is an extremely portable language, it can be used with multiple platforms extent as the Internet, it
can be on a handheld device or handheld computer on a large network or handheld use. XML is an
extensible language, which means you can create your own tags, or use the label has been created.
There are other advantages of using XML. It is a language–independent platform. It can be deployed
on any network, if it is an application–friendly usage and use. If the application can work with
XML, then XML can work on any platform, knows no borders. It is vendor–independent and
autonomous systems. XML is used to exchange data, there will be no loss of data even if the format
between disparate

The Key Features Of The World Wide Webs Development Essay
Introduction
In this report I will be researching and reporting on the key features of the World Wide Webs
development and analysing the aspects of what made up the World Wide Web. The main subjects
will be the WWW (World Wide Web), HTML5, CSS3/ CSS box model and JavaScript including
document object model. I will be exploring these subjects' core principles, purposes, features,
techniques and latest developments to display and further my knowledge of these subjects and
reinforce them with evidence.
Milestones in the history of the WWW
The World Wide Web was created in March 1989 by Tim Berners–Lee a British scientist working at
CERN ("The Birth of the Web | CERN"). CERN is an acronym of the French phrase "Conseil
Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire" which translate to the European Organization for Nuclear
Research. The World Wide Web was created to share information between scientist and institutes
worldwide. The World Wide Web is a series of computer networks interconnected by Coaxial cable
or fibre optic cables spanning underground and across the oceans. Tim Berners Lee crated his first
proposal for the World Wide Web in march 1989 see page 8 ("World Wide Web Born At CERN 25
Years Ago | CERN") for image of Tim Berners Lee Diagram for the World Wide Web.
The World Wide Web uses 3 protocols HTML (hypertext markup language), HTTP (hypertext
transfer protocol) and URLS (uniform resource locator). HTML is the coding language of the World
Wide Web and gives the ability to

Strategic Adoption & Implementation Of Cloud
Strategic Adoption & implementation of Cloud in Indian Railways, India: A case study.
Introduction:
Indian Railways (IR), the largest rail network in Asia and the world 's second largest under one
management, spanning over 6000 stations, carries 17 million passengers every day. Only a million
passengers travel with reserved seat tickets, and the remaining 16 million passengers travel each day
without a confirmed seat. While reserved ticketing technology is enabled, unreserved ticketing was
done primitively using printed cards(Sybase, 2014) .
Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation Ltd. has been set up by the Ministry of Railways
with the basic purpose of hiving off entire catering and tourism activity of the railways to the new ...
With the increase in population the number of passengers willing to travel daily are increasing
abruptly and now the situations are getting that worse. People don't bother about they either have
ticket or not, they knowingly not only entered the train without ticket or unconfirmed, waiting ticket,
but also travel in reservation compartment. Also the bribery and black marketing of tickets are the
very important factor that come into role nowadays and also the numbers of daily up downers either
for job or study has been increased a lot from villages to the nearby major cities. Thus all these
situations leads to an overloaded train, full of extra passengers and causes lots of harm to the
railway, passengers and Indian economy too (Bhatia, Lala, & Chaurasia, 2012). I would like to
propose some updates in Indian railway technology and adaptation of these measures will surely
help them to achieve their goals.
Section II
Ticket booking through E–Cloud
Railway passengers still find it difficult to book ticket on the Indian railway website and their smart
phone app .For travellers who which plan journey at last moment and those who need to travel
because of emergency still have to go to ticket booking centres.IT is also referred as tatkaal booking.
They have wait in long queue and still there is no guarantee that they will get

Professional Summary On The Quality Of Black Box And White...
PROFESSIONAL SUMMARY
IT professional, with 10 + years of experience as IT Quality Assurance Consultant in Computer
Systems Validation, manual and automated Software Quality Assurance in Wealth Management,
Insurance, Finance and Telecom; Having strong background in the full Software Development Life
Cycle(SDLC) of client, web–based, and distributed business applications.
Certified Win Runner, Load Runner and Software Testing professional by Brain Bench.
Six Sigma Certified from KPMG.
Extensive testing experience with QTP, Win Runner, Quality Center for Quality Center and Load
Runner. Extensive experience in creating, modifying and enhancing both manual as well as
automation Test Scripts created in Automation tools QTP, Win Runner and Load Runner.
Good practical understanding and knowledge of Black box and White box testing techniques.
Thorough hands on experience on Interface, Sub System, Interface, Integration, Regression, Sanity,
Functional and System testing.
Excellent skills of identifying and managing defects them during testing cycle.
Extensive localization functional tester experience.
Extensive experience in Creating Training and User Acceptance testing manuals (UAT).
Ability to set standards, identify, recommend and implement changes to enhance the effectiveness of
quality assurance strategies.
Strong experience in preparation of Test Strategies, Test Plans, Test Scripts and Test Reports
Experience in Benchmark, Stress and Load testing.

Netscape Analysis Report Essay
Netscape Analysis Report
I. History
Netscape Communications Corporation, originally named Mosaic
Communications Corporation (MCOM) was founded in April 1994 by Jim Clark and
Marc Andreessen. They released their first browser products free to Internet users in September
1994. Jim Clark is chairman of Netscape Communications
Corporation. Before founding the company, Clark was the chairman of Silicon
Graphics, a computer hardware manufacturer he founded in 1982. Marc Andreessen is vice
president of technology for Netscape Communications. He helped develop the original graphical
World Wide Web browser, Mosaic, while he was at the
University Of Illinois at Urbana/Champlain.
The Internet is a global network ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Homer– Vice President, Marketing
Roberta R. Katz–Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary
Richard M. Schell– Vice President, Engineering
James C.J. Sha– Vice President and General Manager, Integrated
Applications
Kandis Malefyt– Vice President, Human Resources
L. John Doerr– Director
John E. Warnock– Director
V. Competition
Netscape has 4 major competitors: Spry Mosaic, Spyglass Mosaic, Microsoft
Internet Explorer, and Sun's HotJava. However, Netscape dominates its market with an approximate
80% market share. It is the current industry standard for
WWW browsing software, due to its support of new HTML features such as frames,
JavaScript, and plug–ins.
Spry Mosaic is a piece of WWW Browser software designed by CompuServe's
Spry division. It poses no threat to Netscape because of its inability to process e–mail and Usenet
news.

Spyglass Mosaic is a WWW browser developed by part of the team that worked on the original web
browser (NCSA Mosaic). It is a major competitor because of its slightly superior user interface as
well as its alliance with
Microsoft.
Microsoft Internet Explorer is a browser that was originally developed for use with the Microsoft
Network. It is comparable to Netscape in every aspect but one: There is NO user support.
HotJava is a browser designed by Sun Microsystems. However, it is not technically a competitive
product, as it is mostly used to run Java applets
(little WWW

The Safety And Security Of Edu Corp Essay
1. Overview
With the majority of our business conducted via the web, the safety and security of Edu Corp's
website is essential. With continuous concerns regarding web security, such as fraudulent behavior,
Edu Corp has established a detailed, thorough policy in order to protect both our customers and
employees while conducting various tasks on Edu Corp's official website. In 2014, a significant
number of companies experienced data breaches in regards to their official websites (McGregor,
2014). With a large customer and employee base at Edu Corp, every interaction with Edu Corp's
official website must account for the safety and security of all associated with the company. At Edu
Corp, we strive to provide a safe web–browsing environment for both employees and customers, in
order to ensure maximum privacy and safety measures.
In order to provide a safe, secured web–browsing environment and experience, Edu Corp
continually analyzes web server security aspects, provides secure web server management and
practices, specifies web server operating system requirements, outlines web server application
requirements, monitors web content to ensure appropriate publishing practices, protects all web
content, monitors the use of active content, implements proper authentication technologies and
specifies strict requirements, maintains a proper network infrastructures, and assures proper web
server security and maintenance.
With company employees and customers often interacting with Edu

Database Design Essay examples
Database Environment
Brandon Smith
DBM/380
10–8–2012
Kenneth Hoskins
Database Environment
"A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. In order
for a database to be truly functional, it must not only store large amounts of record, but also be able
to access those records fast and efficiently. In addition, new information and changes should also be
easy to input." (tech–faq.com) To be useful over a long term the database should be able to store all
the records necessary for the business to function as well as be able to get all of this information
back in case of a system failure or a crash. If all the information is loss a business could go bankrupt
so the database is a fail ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Imagine a person on a desktop computer who uses Microsoft Access to load up a list of personal
addresses and phone numbers that he or she has saved in MS Windows "My Documents" folder.
This is an example of a one–tier database architecture" (Windowsecutity.com) "A two tier
client/server architecture is one in which a user interacts through a Graphical User Interface to
communicate with the database server across a network via Structured Query Langauage."
(Windowsecurity.com) Last is an N–Tier Clinet/Server Architecutre. "Most n–tier database
architectures exist in a three–tier configuration. In this architecture the client server model expands
to include a middle tier (business tier) which is an application server that houses the business logic.
This middle tier relieves the client application and the database server of some of their processing
duties by translating client calls into database queries and translating data from the database into
client data in return." (windowsecurity.com)
The one tier is best suited for single users that have a small amount of information to store. It will
run on the machine the user is using and will store it on the machines (computer, tablet, cellphone,
ect) and has to use a physical resource to access and process this information.
If you have multiply users and a small scale of applications you would use the two tier client/server
architecture. This would be an example of anyone that uses the

Questions On Client And Server Architecture
2.2) Architectural Styles Software architectural styles are frameworks that have been developed as
general solution for the common problems which are arise in the software development process. It is
basically defined components, connectors which compose a solution and their relations in a
structured program. (Sean Boyd, 2013)
(http://kremer.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/courses/seng403/W2013/papers/04ArchitectureStyles.pdf 2.2.1)
Client/ Server Architecture The design is made up of two components, Client and Server the server
provides some services which the client can access by using a reply/request protocol. This is a kind
prevailing model for networking being peer – to– pear. Servers are more powerful dedicated
computers or processes which are ideally

Fast Track Network Protocol Is Unique
As already discussed, this Fast Track network protocol is unique. This has become the point of
curiosity for individuals and firms to try and halt the Fast Track protocol.
Thus the majority would be the giFT project. With reference to Bergner, the preliminary indication
of giFT was the regularly used interface to FastTrack. This giFT almost reached the point to break
the FastTrack protocol. Therefore, FastTrack responded by customizing their encryption technique
making it more complex.
Since the FastTrack protocol became more complex, the giFT changed to enhance a system that can
accumulate many assorted heterogeneous networks and even then, acted as an entity which can
share files.
From then on, it was transformed to giFT Internet File Transport. This transformation triggered the
development of a brand new and improvised network protocol very similar to FastTrack. That is
known as OpenFT.
6.1 The OpenFT Architecture
OpenFT protocol divides the peers in its domain into different roles but instead of 2–tier
architecture, it has added an extra tier building 3–tier control architecture as demonstrated in the
figure.
Peers are divided into different categories based on few factors. They are network access
performance, processing speed, usage of its memory as well as accessibility.
The first tier is made up of numerous traditional machines which are also called as User peers.
Every peer in this tier has connections to big group of search peers. The user peers later on might

The Microsoft Antitrust Case
The Microsoft Antitrust Case
A Case Study For MBA Students by Nicholas Economides* Revised April 2003
Abstract This case study discusses briefly the economic and legal issues pertaining to the antitrust
case of the United States and a number of States against Microsoft.
* Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, NY 10012, (212) 9980864, fax (212)
995–4218, http://www.stern.nyu.edu/networks/, neconomi@stern.nyu.edu Copyright ©, N.
Economides
2
Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Facts
............................................................................................................................. 3 Antitrust Law On
Monopolization And Attempting To Monopolize .......................... 7 Economics Of ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 1991–1993 and 1993–1994 investigations by the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") ended
with no lawsuits. The 1994 investigation 2 by the United States Department of Justice ("DOJ") was
terminated with a consent decree in 1995. 3 The key provisions of the 1995 consent decree were: 1.
Microsoft agreed to end "per–processor" (zero marginal price) contracts with computer
manufacturers (Original Equipment Manufacturers, "OEMs") but it was allowed to use unrestricted
quantity discounts. 2. "Microsoft shall not enter into any License Agreement in which the terms of
that agreement are expressly or impliedly conditioned upon the licensing of any other Covered
Product, Operating System Software product or other product (provided,
1
Microsoft produces software, including operating systems for PC (Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000),
operating systems for local network and Internet servers (Windows NT, 2000), "back–office"
products for network and Internet servers, Internet clients, Internet and network servers, desktop
applications (Office, Word, Excel, Access, Outlook, PowerPoint, MS–Money, etc.), games, and
programming languages (Visual Basic, Java). Microsoft also produces services, including Internet
service (MSN, WebTV), Internet content (MSN), and product support, and some hardware such as
branded mice, keyboards, etc. USDOJ sued Microsoft on July 15, 1994, under Section 2 of the
Sherman

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Data Model
¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬
1. Describe and compare 3 data models outlining their strengths and weaknesses with each other.
Connolly and Begg (2009) defines a data model as "an integrated collection of concepts for
describing and manipulating data, relations between data, and constraints on the data in an
organization." Simply, a data model is a representation of how the different types of data interact.
They can be categorized into three main broad aspects, which are object based, record based and
physical data model. The object based model include the Entity– Relationship, Semantic, Functional
and Object Oriented Model. The record based comprise of Relational Data Model, Network Model
and the Hierarchical Model. The physical data model "describe how data is stored in the computer,
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Similar to the network data model, "data is represented as collections of records and relationships
are represented by sets." This model only permits a node to have one parent, this makes it efficient
for searching if all desired access paths follow the parent–child linkages. This makes one–to–many
relationships well represented within the hierarchical model. The main difference between the
network data model and the hierarchical data model, is that in the network model a child could have
a many to many relationship with its parent entity. Similarly, just like the network data model, the
hierarchical data model is simple and easy to design.
The main limitation of record based data models like the network and hierarchical is "they do not
provide adequate facilities for explicitly specifying constraints on the data" (Connolly 2009).
Another limitation of the network and hierarchical model is that they require "the user to have
knowledge of the physical database being accessed, whereas the relational data model provides a
substantial amount of data independence." (Connolly

Netscape Ipo
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Top of Form
Netscape IPO
Introduction
The case analyzes the Initial Public Offering (IPO) of Netscape Communications Inc., in order to
recommend a justifiable share price for the IPO. Founded in April 1994, Netscape Communications
Corporation provided a comprehensive line of client, server and integrated applications software for
communications and commerce on the Internet and private Internet Protocol networks. The primary
revenue generator for Netscape at the time IPO was it 's Internet Browser, Netscape Navigator. In
December 1994, Netscape Navigator generated 49% and 65% of total revenues for the quarters
ended March 31 1995 and June 30 1995 respectively.
Analysis
Netscape has ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These firms would gain substantial profits when Netscape goes public. Top management of
Netscape would also support the IPO.
The company may need to attract financing in the future to fund the future projects. Given, the
company maintain a good credit rating, it is relatively easy to obtain debt financing at a cheap rate.
A public quoted company can raise debt at a relatively cheap rate compared to a privately help
company.
Given the size of the capital raised through public offering, it could be a tedious task to raise same
amount of capital in private placements.
IPO, Hot Issue, Under Pricing
It seems as if making money in these issues is easier than buying stock in the secondary market.
Unfortunately many "hot issues" of IPOs produce a big chunk of their gains on the first day of
trading. And most individual investors are not fortunate enough to get in on the floor of a promising
IPO. The most attractive IPO's are offered to certain clients first, mainly institutions, such as other
corporations and pension plans, and big individual investors. Therefore it might be a good idea to
buy an IPO once they begin trading on the secondary market. It is possible that the IPO after it
begins trading could potentially produce a return similar to that of the average performance recorded
by some small–cap stocks. When a

Key Facts Of Netscape Communication Corporation
Summary of Key Facts
Netscape Communication Corporation was founded in April 1994. "The company provided a
comprehensive line of client, server and integrated applications software for communications and
commerce on the Internet and private Internet Protocol networks" (P1) Netscape developed a
popular product which offers a variety of internet functions at 1994. The product was outstanding
back to that era, and it was successfully taking large amount of market share for the company. Since
the market environment was favoring those Internet related companies, and as well as the
technology boom at the late 1990's, Netscape Corporation had a great chance to growth their
business. Therefore, they further developed a server software, which can ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
At this new offering price, the firm's value would be $1 billion. The board was facing a pricing
dilemma whether to approve or reject underwriters' recommendation at such unpredictable industry.
Question#1:
The reason Netscape has been so successful to date could be attributed to many factors. First,
Netscape has the most successful product was the leading client software program that allowed
individual users to exchange information and conduct business over the internet, it has been the
most user–friendly 'click–and–point' browser among competitors. Second, the market environment
was good to those technology companies, there were 57 million internet users, at mid–1995, and it
was growing rapidly. Netscape also was the first mover in the industry, and their products captured
75% of the market by early 1995.
As a new company, their strategy was "giving away today and make money tomorrow" it offered
users the free access to its software in order to build a customer base as well as the foundation of
entering the internet market. Moreover, in order to set the industry standard, Netscape created a rival
program to destroy Mosaic. After that, they focused on the web browser market and sold server
software to companies that wanted to enter the market and attract potential customers.
In order to maintain growth in the long run, Netscape needs to have a good financial statement,
according to exhibit1, Netscape had total $4.67million operating loss at the

Architecture Of The Security System
Chapter Three
Architecture of the security System
3.1 Introduction
This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to
establish Zero–Knowledge protocol model, the established proto–type is a web–based application,
represented as a web–site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity
are covered by the security system.
3.2 Architecture of the security system
In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibility and resistant any potential change,
the security system is designed and consists of three layers: the user interface layer, the application
logic layer and the database layer. All these layers in the security system the main goal is to make ...
26
Client Layer
WEB
BROWSER
Control Module ZKP Module
Integrity Module Encryption Module
Server Layer
Messaging
Module
Tables
DB
Data Base Layer
26
Figure 3–2 Security system architecture
Figure 3–3 present the whole process the client, server will get through and the processed data also.
27
Client Layer
Home – Page
App. Page
Welcome Page
Sign–Up Page
Log–In Page
Main Page

Edit Personal
Information
Personal
Messages Page
New Page Main
Read / Replay
Page Main
Server Layer
Authentication & Key exchange Module
Integrity Module Encryption / Decryption
Module
D.B Layer
User Table
Personal Messages Table
Figure 3–3 whole process flow chart
28
Figure 3–4 the functioning of the security system
3.2.1 Client Layer:
The users (applicants) can access the data on the server through any web–browser (like Google
Chrome or Netscape). To build this system a number of sub–programs were built using some
programming languages. The main program was named PhpMyadmin is used to design database. In
general the presentation services or the user interface logic is located on the client machine. This
layer manages the input/output data and their display. With the intention of offering greater
convenience to the user, the system is prototyped on the Internet. The user interface layer contains
HTML and PHP components needed to collect incoming information and to display

Architecture : Online Architecture
In a traditional three–tier architecture is a client–server architecture in a company data center which
consists of presentation tier, business logic tier and data tier. Each tier is developed and maintained
as an independent tier.
Presentation Tier: The Top–most level of the application is the user interface. The main function of
the interface is to translate tasks and results to something the user can understand. In simple term, it
is a layer which user can access directly such as web–based application, web browsing.
Business logic Tier: This logical tier is pulled out from the presentation tier and, as its own layer, it
controls an application's functionality by performing detailed processing.
Logic tier is where mission–critical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, identify and prioritize websites vulnerabilities, scan web applications and web services
to reduce threat exposures, data loss risk. Protect sensitive data and transactions while meeting
compliance requirements mandated by industry regulations and best practices. Also, it is best
practice to routine verify firewall rule–set to prevent unauthorized users access to sensitive data.
Frist, Traffic between the Client and the Web Server is most likely to be HTTP on Port 80 or HTTPS
on Port 443. It is extremely important that a firewall is placed between the Client and the Web
Server; this will allow access only to the HTTP or HTTPS service and block access to the other
services running on the server.
Second, Traffic between the Web Server and the Application Server could either be on HTTPS,
SSH, RDP or some Custom Port. Here again, placing a firewall makes sense, as the traffic needs to
be controlled between the Web Server and Application Server and should be allowed only on
specific application ports and not operating system ports.
Third, Traffic between the Application Server and the Database server would most likely be on a
SQL Port 1433. This is where a firewall does not necessarily add value because to obtain data from
the database, no special ports are required the authorized SQL port can be used by anyone
(authorized and unauthorized) to get data from the

Business Intelligence And Retail Industry
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE IN RETAIL INDUSTRY ABSTRACT Business Intelligence (BI)
tools are extensively adopted by many companies to operate as efficiently as possible. The report
investigates a BI adoption in a retail chain. . The analyzed data and reported actionable information
help the stakeholders take right decisions in their business. Finally, the presented research identifies
innumerous benefits including decision–making to be the most vital by the retail chain managers.
Contents DESCRIPTION OF ANALYTICS IN THE RETAIL DOMAIN 2 SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS FOR SAP BO 2 DATA USED IN KNOWLEDGE DISCOVERY 2 DATA
SOURCES USED 2 IMPLEMENTATION AND METHODOLOGY USED 2 CONCLUSION –
THE REPORTED EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SYSTEM 2 REFERENCES 2 ... Show more content
DATA SOURCES USED The following data sources were used by the retailer for their Data
Warehouse (DW). 1) Internal ERP system. 2) POS (detail data from individual stores) 3) Shop guard
system 4) Planning data gathered during discussions about implementing the BI project. 5) Manual
CSV files. Some of the data were acquired through third party applications used in the company.
Integration has following layers Web Application Layer Database Server Layer Data Services
Service Layer Ad–hoc ETL processes were created to populate the DW. Reporting The various
reports which were the most critical part of this implementation included reports for the various
functional areas like: 1) Sales. 2) Shopping cart. 3) Customer Turnover. SAP BO objects – OLAP
cubes "Each functional area was represented by an OLAP cube and defined reports. OLAP cubes are
basic data sources for defined reports. The structure of every OLAP cube in SAP BO tools is defined
by "universe." The BO universe is a business representation of a company´s data that helps end
users access data autonomously using common business terms; it also isolates business users from
the technical details of the databases where source data are stored. Reports were made in relation to
OLAP cubes. Granularity and periodicity were defined for each report by managers of the project
team. The creation of a data

Essay on Tony's Chips
Discuss what it will take to build Web architecture, move an existing Website with minimal
downtime, and provide a disaster recovery solution to ensure the site is always available.
The Web architecture should describe and justify operating system choices (i.e., Linux, Apache,
MYSQL, PHP, Windows, IIS, SQL, etc.).
Evaluate alternatives to the company self–hosting the site.
To build web architecture, System analyst should analyze the company's business needs and develop
a clear statement of the goals. Since we have the old site running it is important to understand the
business and technology issues involved in the project. Determine whether the IT staff has the
necessary skills and experience to implement the project. Consider ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Another option is managed hosting, Solution provider such as Rackspace, Paetec Inc, can host and
maintain the new website. Rackspace states that its customers will "never have to implement,
update, troubleshoot, patch, monitor, administer, backup data or worry again".
Build a Gantt chart using Microsoft Project or equivalent software, showing all tasks associated with
implementing the Website.
The chart should include a minimum of five (5) tasks, each with three (3) sub–tasks.
Explain and justify the system architecture you have selected.
Illustrate the system architecture using Visio or equivalent software.
I have chosen the three–tier design, the user interface runs on the client and the data is stored on the
server. A three–tier design also has a middle layer between the client and server that processes the
client requests and translates them into data access commands (Shelly–Rosenblatt, 2012).
Here in the above diagram the consumers log into the website of chip ordering system through
internet using a URL. The request is passed through the firewall and the request is endorsed by the
web server which is in the DMZ. The request is passed to the middle–layer application server to
provide the application logic. The application server is served by load balancing, upon

The Internet Completely Revolutionized The Computer Industry
The introduction of the Internet completely revolutionized the computer industry. The Internet gave
people the ability to communicate with one another all over the world in record amounts of time.
Today, we use the internet in our everyday lives and almost take it for granted. Therefore, it's
important to dive into the history of the development of the Internet to understand it's past, present
and potential for the future.
There were two main historical developments that led to the development of the World Wide Web.
Starting in 1930, writer and futurist HG Wells came up with the idea of a "World Brain." In
explaining his idea he said, "The time is close at hand when any student, in any part of the world,
will be able to sit with his projector in his own study at his or her own convenience to examine any
book, any document, in an exact replica" (Campell–Kelly, 19). HG Wells' concept was revolutionary
at the time, however, there were still many technological developments that needed to be created in
order to make his concept come to life. It was not until after the World War 2 that Vannevar Bush, an
MIT graduate, brought Wells' idea to the United States in order to compliment what he deemed as
"an information explosion." War typically instigated the need for technological advancements and in
1949 during the Cold War, the United States invested in a new air defense system called SAGE.
SAGE was first deployed in 1962 and was utterly revolutionary at the time. SAGE was able

Nt1310 Unit 3 Network Analysis
When it comes to planning an entire system network is not a easy task. We need to explore the
options and I plan on covering this in the essay and will go into brief details about several key
concepts and explain key points in Peer to Peer (P2P) client / server architecture, web based
computing and how network and their protocols are required for successful network
implementation. With working with a Peer to Peer (P2P) network, it's a type of approach used in
computer networking that means every computer will share responsibility for any data processing.
This type of networking is common in small local LANs (local area networks), typically found in
home networking and even small businesses. This type of network can be wireless and even ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is also the cross platform support, this means having the ability to access and use the
application no matter what type of web browser or OS you are using, this means complete cross
platform support from using Linux, Windows and even MacOS. Even browsers such as Firefox,
Internet Explorer and the less common ones such as Netscape, Opera and Safari will be able to
utilize the application web

Netscape Ipo
It all started with the development of a graphical software program that gave rise to the notion of
"surfing" (Netscape 's). Netscape Communications can trace its roots to a group of science students
working at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign who turned a simply software program
called 'Mosaic ', into a platform that enabled non–technical computer users to access and retrieve
information that was becoming more and more available on the worldwide web. Founded in 1994,
Netscape Communications Corporation provides a comprehensive line of client, server and
integrated applications software for communications and commerce on the Internet and private
Internet Protocol (IP) networks (Netscape 's). A key feature that the company ... Show more content
The optimal capital structure minimizes the firm 's composite cost of capital and saves money for
other opportunities. Therefore, the mandatory use of optimal capital structure and risk management
is becoming increasingly important. Netscape 's operating result in 1995 had showed the Current
ration (1.45) was low, the Debt to total capital ration (0.18) was high, which compared with its
competitors: Microsoft (4.17, 0.00), AOL (1.00, 0.08), and Spyglass (13.75, 0.00). More long–term
debt would decrease the Current ration, and increase the Debt ration. Additionally, of Netscape 's
competitors were now operating as publicly held companies.
Netscape had been injected with various forms of investment capital, which included private equity
investors. Continuing the same method to fund capital will further dilute Netscape 's ownership.
Although, Netscape had a net loss of over $4 million on total assets over $42 million, and had never
declared a profit in its short operating history, there must certainly be characterized as a risky IPO.
However, based on the research of Wall Street and the positive results of Netscape 's road show,
Netscape 's underwriters had the confidence that the market demands would be enormously high,
and would continual to grow. According to all of the factors we have mentioned above, by balancing
the intense competitions, the business risks, the high market demand, and the costs involved, we feel
confident that Netscape would gain more

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