Adjacency pairs Three part exchange Opening sequence Closing sequences Pre-closing signal
Topic shift Topic loop Digression
 
Deictic expressions Hedging Discourse marker Modifier Vague language
Interrupted construction Disjointed construction Incomplete construction Non-standard grammar
Filler Filled pause/voiced pause Repetition Repair False start
Intonation Accent Dialect Elision Ellipsis Prosodic/Prosody
Non-verbal Paralinguistic Pragmatics – the study of language in relation to its context – deixis, turn-taking, implicature.

2 speech features