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Routing is the process of finding a path for data to pass from source to destination using routers. The data link layer checks messages are sent to the right device and frames data. A window refers to the number of segments allowed to be sent before an acknowledgement. Store-and-forward switching is used in Cisco Catalyst 5000 switches. Bridges filter networks without changing their size. BootP is used by diskless workstations to determine IP addresses. VLANs create collision domains by functions and protocols, not just location. Subnetting divides large networks into smaller identified subnets.
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The document discusses a computer networking course on wide-area networks (WANs) and virtual private networks (VPNs). It covers several topics:
- WAN technologies including physical and data link layer protocols for transmitting data to remote locations.
- Configuring serial interfaces and encapsulation methods like HDLC and PPP.
- Connectivity options for WANs like leased lines, PSTN, and packet switching.
- VPN solutions that provide secure connectivity over shared infrastructures at lower costs than private networks. VPNs offer flexibility, scalability, and cost savings.
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Interview questions
- 2. What is Routing? Routing is the process of finding a path on which data can pass from source to destination. Routing is done by a device called routers, which are network layer devices.
- 3. • What is the purpose of the Data Link? • The job of the Data Link layer is to check messages are sent to the right device. Another function of this layer is framing
- 4. What is a Window in networking terms? A Window refers to the number of segments that is allowed to be sent from source to destination before an acknowledgement is sent back.
- 5. Which LAN switching method is used in CISCO Catalyst 5000? This model uses the Store-and-forward switching method. It stores the entire frame to its buffers and performs a crc check before deciding whether or not to forward that data frame
- 6. Does a bridge divide a network into smaller segments? Not really. What a bridge actually does is to take the large network and filter it, without changing the size of the network.
- 7. What is BootP? BootP is a protocol that is used to boot diskless workstations that are connected to the network. It is short for Boot Program. Diskless workstations also use BootP in order to determine its own IP address as well as the IP address of the server PC.
- 8. Explain the benefits of VLANs. VLANs allow the creation of collision domains by groups other than just physical location. Using VLANs, it is possible to establish networks by different means, such as by function, type of hardware, protocol, among others. This is a big advantage when compared to conventional LANs wherein collision domains are always tied to physical location.
- 9. What is subnetting? Subnetting is the process of creating smaller networks from a big parent network. Being a part of a network, each subnet is assigned some additional parameters or identifier to indicate its subnet number