insect - a marketable commodity
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uses of insects, apiculture, lac culture, sericulture, insect dyes, aesthetic values of insects, insects as food, insects as medicine and research, uses of medicinal insects, butterfly parks,
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insect - a marketable commodity
- 1. INSECT - a marketable communality K.V. NAGARJUNA REDDY Ph.D scholar IGKV, Raipur
- 2. • Most successful groups of animals. • Approximately, 59353 species of insects occur in India • Depending upon the diversity, the are also vast and diverse. • Insects - provide constant services to the mankind Background of Insect Resources
- 3. On the basis of their utility 1) Industrial resources 2) Edible and therapeutic purposes 3) Ecological importance
- 4. Insects of Industrial Resources • Sericulture and allied purpose • Apiculture and allied purpose • Lac culture. • Natural dye from insect. • Insect trade for aesthetic purpose
- 5. Sericulture and Allied Purpose • The natural fiber silk is the product of insects • Four commercially traded varieties of natural silks - Mulberry, Tasar, Muga and Eri. • India - second largest producer and largest consumer
- 6. Uses of silk
- 7. Other by products from sericulture
- 8. • Human consumption. • Sericin • Silk sutures
- 10. Apiculture and Allied Purposes • Promising profitable venture. • Important ancillary activity in agriculture - provides nutritional and economic security to rural communities. • Double advantage - honey production -increase crop yield
- 11. • Honey • Bees wax • Bee venom • Propolis • Royal jelly • Pollen BEE PRODUCTS
- 14. Commodity Price Raw honey Rs. 90 to Rs 100 per kg Processed honey Rs. 250 to Rs 300 per kg Bee pollen Rs 2000 to 20000 per kg Bees wax Rs 400-700 per kg Royal jelly Rs 25,000 per kg Bee venom Rs 1000 per g Propolis Rs 500 per kg Stingless bee’s honey Rs.2000 to 3000 per kg Source : Schemes and guidelines, Khadi and Village Industries Commission, 2018 Report of Bee keeping development committee, June 2019
- 16. Lac culture
- 17. • Kerria lacca (Kerriidae, Hemiptera) • Natural commercial resin of animal origin • Resinous substance secreted by certain glands present on the lac insects • Versatile product - demand for in many industries provides economic resources that filter down to rural tribes
- 21. Natural Dye from Insects • Coccid, Dactylopius coccus (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae) - used for the extraction of carmine acid • Natural red dye - food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. • Residuals - used to enrich food for avian species or to prepare fertilizers
- 23. • Cynips gallae tinctoriae (Cynipidae; Hymenoptera) • Commercial source of tannic acid • Principal ingredient in wool dyes and black hair colourants • Leather industry and manufacturing of inks • Exploring as well as utilizing natural dye producing insects is quite virgin in the India
- 24. Insect Trade for Aesthetic Purposes • We are attracted by the body colouration, beauty and mode of life of the insects. • Coloured wing and elytra of many coleopterans are used in jewellery, embroidery, pottery, and basket makings. • Butterfly - maximum attention from museums and collectors - valued items in market
- 25. • Growing need of butterfly amongst the collectors - butterfly farms in European countries
- 29. Insect tea • Made from leaves bitten by, and the droppings of, insects fed on specific plants. TEA INSECT HOST Dongfang meiren Jacobiasca formosana leafhoppers Camellia sinensis Sanye Aglossa dimidiatus moth Malus sieboldii, crabapple tree Huaxiang Hydrillodes repugnalis Platycarya strobilacea, walnut-related tree Pyralis farinalis Litsea coreana, laurel tree Andraca theae Camellia sinensis
- 31. • Since the 2000s, drinks purporting to be Sanye tea have been marketed especially in the West as a dietary supplement with weight-loss, laxative, and detoxification claims.
- 32. Edible and Therapeutic Insects • Over 1,500 species of edible insects - 300 ethnic groups - 113 countries • Commonly eaten species of insects include grasshoppers, crickets, termites, ants, beetle larvae, moth caterpillars, and pupae
- 34. Common name Edible form Diving beetle Roasted, fried and curry forms of larva and adult Water scavengers Roasted, fried and curry forms of larva and adult Asian long horned beetle Fried larva Dragonflies Nymph are eaten in roasted or fried forms, prepared dishes by crushing with chilly and other spices Mole-cricket Roasted or fried body Giant water bug Roasted or fried body with edible herbs or spices Nepa Fried body Grasshopper Steamed, fried and mixed with edible herbs Ants Grinding dried ants and eggs with edible herbs and spices Termites Roasted and curry forms of winged adults. (Source : Article in Psyche A Journal of Entomology July 2010)
- 38. Insects of Ecological Importance
- 41. Some commercially available biocontrol agents in India BIOCONTROL AGENT TARGET PEST Trichogramma japonicum Top shoot borer of sugarcane , Paddy stem borer Trichogramma chilonis Sugarcane borers, Cotton bollworms, Maize stem borer Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mealy bugs Coccinella septempunctata Aphids Cheilomenes sexmaculata Aphids, psyllids, whiteflies, mealybugs, mites, leaf hoppers Chrysoperla carnea Sucking pests on cotton, tobacco, sunflower, groundnut some fruit crops Goniozus nephantidis Coconut blackheaded caterpillar Bracon brevicornis Coconut blackheaded caterpillar, Maize stem borer Cotton bollworms Dipha aphidivora Bamboo aphids, sugarcane woolly aphid Zygogramma bicolorata Parthenium Neochetina bruchi Water hyacinth
- 42. Insects in Biomass Recycling • Use of black soldier fly larvae to recycle organic wastes, specifically human waste, to produce protein and fat as a useful byproduct
- 43. • Insect biomass conversion, or insect farming in short, is when insects turn organic wastes into highly nutritious outputs, like proteins and other nutrients. • They are incredibly efficient at converting what they eat into their own biomass – which makes them excellent food & other wastes recyclers.
- 47. • Biodiesel - alternative diesel- fuel high cost of production – limited economic feasibility. • BSF larva reared on SRF - non-food feedstock for biodiesel production. • Fuel properties of larval grease-based biodiesel met European standard EN 14214. ( source : Renewable Energy Volume 41, May 2012, Pages 75-79)
- 48. Insects in Medicine and Research
- 49. Maggot therapy Allantoin Urea Phenylacetic acid Phenylacetaldehyde Calcium carbonate Proteolytic enzymes
- 51. Apitherapy • Bee venom peptide – Melittin • Treat inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis
- 52. Blister beetle • Cantharidin • Medical use -description - Hippocrates (460–377 BC) • Diuretic - alleviate epilepsy, asthma, rabies, and sterility • a toxic blistering agent – used as an aphrodisiac.
- 54. • Drosophila melanogaster . • Cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae, P. brassicae, P. napi • Trichoplusia ni and Silkworm B. mori • Periplaneta americana Biological Research
- 55. Future perspectives • Insects - potentially more efficient source for mankind • Need to link the potential of this bio-resources to economic prosperity. • Establishing mass breeding insectaries or biotechnological intervention to provide a hope for golden aspects for income generation too.
- 56. • Scientific validation and updating of traditional wisdom. • More and more analysis of insect biodiversity and their industrialization. • High time that researchers recognize the manifold utilities of insects and begin to build on it.