Informal Counselling Styles

Informal Counselling Styles
Secondly, telephone, email, and online counselling, are all types of informal counselling styles
(Lester and Rogers, 2013). There are many advantages for individuals who chose to seek guidance
and support through the use of informal counselling. Informal counselling can be extremely helpful
for people who do not have much money or people who have a demanding lifestyle (King et al.,
2006). According to Mariampolski, (2002) informal styles are easier to access, they are more
affordable, are flexible in regards to time, and they are genuinely more convenient for most people
as many individuals do not have time to attend sessions or group meetings. In addition, informal
counselling is entirely set up by the client, allowing them to access it at ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For example; according to Claringbull, (2010) for individuals who do not have a lot of money this
type of counselling can be exceptionally expensive also, there may be a limitation on transport.
Clients may live in remote areas, where they find it difficult to find counsellors and may not have
any transport to get to their sessions (Lynch, 1998).
Overall, the most suitable style of counselling in regards to this case study would be a more
structured, formal style of counselling. This is because the client has multiple issues, meaning that
the client will have a vast amount of mixed emotions and will need a counsellor's full attention.
However, it is important that the client receives counselling sessions that are local to her with a price
she feels is
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Carl Rogers's Theory : Person-Centered Therapy
Person–centered therapy otherwise known as client centered therapy is a non–directive approach to
counseling created by Carl Rogers. This theory is best described as based on the belief individuals,
rather than their environment or subconscious motivations, can control their choices and values and
accomplish their own unique potential for change. Rogers' theory stresses how it is the individual's
own responsibility for improving his or her life with the primary motivating force of humans is
reaching self–actualization which is the tendency to move in the direction of growth, adjustment,
socialization, independence, and self–realization (Erford, 2018). In terms of his theory, there are two
fundamental ideas at the center of it all, the first being about healthy development in terms of how
the individual views their own well–being. A healthy individual can see the relationship between
their sense of who they are and who they feel they should be. The second fundamental idea from
Rogers's concept of the conditions for healthy growth, and the role of a therapist in fostering healthy
growth. Throughout the process Rogers called person–centered therapy, the counselor seeks to
provide empathy, openness, and unconditional positive regard for the client. This research paper
examines the concept of person–centered therapy, the types of problems which can occur when
using this approach, strengths of this using this type of therapy along with examining the
weaknesses of using this type

Person Centered Model
Psychology, Other – Year 2
Person–Centered model of helping
Prepare a response on a Person–Centered model of helping. I need suggestions, information and
ideas for each section in this task to help get me started.
TASK:
You must integrate your learning from the course and discuss how and why you have, at this point in
your development, formed your viewpoint(s). Your response must include the following elements:
1. Presentation of the Person–Centered model
2. Your view of helping and how your chosen model fits within your viewpoint
3. The relationship between the clinician and the participant as it relates to Person–Centered model
4. Techniques or approaches to change as indicated in the Person–Centered model
5. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. Your view of helping and how your chosen model fits within your viewpoint
This asks for your personal view of helping and how it fits with person–centered therapy. Does your
view of helping reflect these principles?
3. The relationship between the clinician and the participant as it relates to Person–Centered model.
The relationship between the therapist and the client is non–directive. The therapist is supportive,
non–judgmental and does not work out what the client's problem is; this is the client's work. In other
words, the therapist merely facilitates self–actualization by providing a climate in which clients can
freely engage in focused, in–depth self–exploration (Person Centered Therapy, 2007).
In fact, according to Rogers' (1957), the relationship is based on three therapist characteristics or
attitudinal conditions that need to be present in the therapeutic environment:
Congruency (or genuineness): '. . .within the relationship (the therapist) is freely and deeply himself,
with his actual experience accurately represented by his awareness of himself . . .' and ' . . .he is
what he actually is, in this moment of time . . .
Unconditional Positive Regard: '. . .the extent that the therapist finds himself experiencing a warm

acceptance of each aspect of the client's experience as being a part of that client . . .'
Empathic Understanding: 'To sense the

Person Centered Therapy
PCT Essay 1
Running head: AN ILLUSTRATION OF PERSON–CENTERED THERAPY
What do you consider to be the strengths and weaknesses of the person–centered approach? What
concepts and methods might build effective bonds with clients? Discuss any shortcomings in staying
with this orientation.
Word Count: 2214
*
*
i
¦*
/
PCT Essay 2
Abstract
This essay would attempt to explain the fundamental concepts and therapeutic methodologies that
might build effective bonds with clients.
It would also discuss the strengths and weaknesses within the person–centered approach. The key
concepts include self–actualization, conditions of worth, the fully functioning person, and the
phenomenological perspectives. The therapeutic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Key Concepts & Methodologies
¦¦>' *
Rogers maintained that to create a growth–promoting climate in which therapeutic change * can
occur, and where clients can move forward and become what they are capable of becoming,
/
PCT Essay 5

/
/
some fundamental conditions must be present. The client must be anxious or incongruent and in
contact with the therapist. Therapists must be genuine, whereby their words, nonverbal mannerisms
and feelings are not to be contradicting. In addition, they must also accept the client and show
unconditional care towards them. The therapist must understand the client's thoughts, the ideas,
experiences, and feelings, when communicating back this empathic understanding
(Murdock, 2009).
Firstly, congruence (genuineness or realness) refers to the therapist's openness, genuineness and the
willingness to relate to clients without hiding behind a professional front.
Therapists who conduct sessions with this sincerity in mind have all their feelings available to them
in therapy sessions and may share significant emotional reactions with their clients.
However, congruence does not mean that therapists shift the focus of therapy to themselves in any
way or have a predetermined direction, or impose a professional agenda to their clients during
sessions. [Corey, 2005]
Second, a therapist should show

Knopf Continued Writing Concerning Suicide In Regards To
Knopf continued writing concerning suicide in regards to adolescents in an article entitled "How
Self–Injury can lead to Suicidality in Teens: Under Study." Her article focused on the relationship
between self–injury and suicide. She stated, "While NSSI [nonsuicidal self–injury] and suicide are
distinct behaviors, they frequently co–occur, so it's important to look at factors that might contribute
to the transition from NSSI to suicide." The studies that she focused on were with non–ideators, that
is, adolescents with no current suicide ideation and have not attempted suicide in their lifetimes;
suicide ideators, adolescents who currently contemplated suicide but never attempted suicide; and,
suicide attempters, those who currently ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Adolescents with bipolar disorder are not as likely to control their obesity and they are "three times
more likely to attempt suicide or have major depressive disorder" than those who do not have BD.
In her article, Knopf referenced a study that the National Comorbidity Survey provided: they
surveyed adolescents from ages 13 to 17. 295 of them had BD, 1,112 had major depressive disorder
(MDD), and 8,716 who had neither. According to the results of the research, there were no
significant differences in overweight or obesity: obesity was about 17% in all of the groups that they
had surveyed. Although the obesity rate was about the same in all groups, adolescents who had BD
and overweight had a notably higher likelihood of attempting suicide, being a victim of sexual
abuse, binge eating, and conduct disorder. Currently, the link between BD, overweight, and suicide
is unknown. Fortunately, the researcher concluded that an early intervention with adolescents with
BD and obesity might improve the future mental and physical health of the adolescents. Knowing
and applying this would help youth workers in preventing suicide: they should recommend
intervention to parents who have adolescents with these disorder. They could also teach parents to
be aware of the medications that their teens are taking. Teenagers with BD and obesity should be
taking medications with lower propensity for weight gain. Additionally, they could

The Single Most Important Argument As Regards To Hobbes’
The single most important argument as regards to Hobbes' conception of human nature is that of its
pessimism, as it is this pessimistic view that brings Hobbes to his conclusion that the state of nature
is as objectionable as his view describes it to us. Hobbes argues that every man is characterised by
his view that, despite a few who, through mutual recognition or admiration, he believes to be his
equal, he is endowed most liberally with the faculty of wisdom. In this way, contends Hobbes, all
men are equal in that they all believe the same of themselves, and thus, their equal stature fosters an
equality in desires and their ability, in their own minds, to realise them. The result of this is that
where men desire what they cannot both ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"And consequently among men", he contends, "there ariseth on that ground, envy, hatred, and
finally war; but amongst these [ants and bees] not so." It is therefore on three main grounds that men
disagree – 'competition', 'diffidence', and 'glory', and it is the resultant self–interested acts of men
that set out the foundations upon which Hobbes' vision of the state of nature is constructed. Hobbes'
state of nature, therefore, is one that is as equally pessimistic as his view of human nature. The state
of nature, for Hobbes, is that of anarchy, in the sense that there is no over–arching power to
constrain the actions of men, and is one in which there are limited resources. Man is thus driven by
his desires as described above, and in that all men are essentially free, pursues them forsaking all
others. As resources are limited, and all men have the same essential desires, not everyone has the
ability to realise these desires. The result of this is a state which Hobbes calls war "of every man
against every man". Hobbes can be no plainer in his explanation than with the following: At this
time, he says, there is "continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man is solitary,
poor, nasty, brutish and short". Consequently, as a product of the state of war against all and man's
need to use all he can in order to guarantee his conservation, it

Reflection On Family Relationship
In this skills session my client brought her relationship with her mother and her feelings about that
relationship. She brought feelings of "sadness" "hurt" "upset" and "grief". She states early in the
session "I'm constantly searching for some sort of love" and "affection from her". She describes
feeling neglected and disregarded by her mother and the rest of her family. She admits that these
feelings have "stretched into the rest of her life" and have left her feeling "unworthy" "not good
enough" and like she "doesn't matter". She states that she feels "not worthy of affection" or "care" or
"regard". My client was questioning why her mother behaves the way she does towards her. She
finds her mother's behaviour "difficult to understand" and feels she doesn't "understand where it's
coming from". During the session my client describes her mother's behaviour in a particular scenario
when she felt her mother behaved differently when she had an audience to play to. My client
described feeling "ganged up on" by her mother, who was "backed up" by her visiting relatives. It is
clear my client wants a relationship with her mother and states this clearly when asked. She is
seeking answers "what is going on", "what is going on with this attitude?" My client states that she
has suffered with feelings of being "unworthy" for "most of her life" and suffered a nervous
breakdown two years ago after which she sought help from counselling and her GP. Considering
what I have outlined above it would appear that my client's feelings of being unworthy and of not
being good enough arise from feeling that she doesn't matter to, or is disregarded by her mother and
other family members. It would appear that my client's evaluation of her self worth or self–esteem
has been affected by her close family relationships. Carl Rogers (1959, p200 & p223) describes the
development of the self–concept (how an individual perceives themselves) and how this self–
concept is heavily influenced by the conditions of self worth set out by others. Conditions of worth
are constraints or preconditions, which an individual perceives are placed upon them by individuals
external to them. The individual believes that these preconditions must be satisfied or

Carl Rogers Person Centered Theory
The person–centered theory was created by Carl Rogers in the 1940s. At the time when this
approach began it was considered radically different than those that were available. All theories
were predominately therapist centered, symptom focused, or orientated to making personality
changes. Rogers approach let the clients take charge and lead their direction of change. Rogers was
the first to use the word client to refer to an individual seeking psychotherapy. Implicit in his theory
is the basic premise that people are essentially good. The person–centered theory views an
individual from a different perspective than other theories in that what is important is an individual's
perception of their reality rather than the event itself. This is so central to his theory that it is often
referred to as self–theory. In order for a healthy self to emerge, people need genuine and positive
regard. However, if in childhood an individual receives conditional acceptance, it teaches them to
feel valued only when they conform to others' wishes (GCU, 2014; Murdock, 2013). In using the
person–centered theory approach there are considerations to apply such as goals and interventions,
theory duration, counselor's role, client's role, appropriate populations, social and cultural needs, and
risks..
Goals and Interventions The goals of the person–centered theory include focusing on the client as a
person, not their problems. Clients are assisted in learning how to cope with the

Essay on journal on Unconditional Positive Regard
In tonight's session we have been learning further about Carl Rogers and his conditions of a
successful person– centred therapy. We have been exploring Unconditional Positive Regard, a term
used by Rogers to describe a basic acceptance and support of a person regardless what they say or
do. Unconditional Positive Regard is an attitude of the counsellor towards his client. Rogers believes
that this attitude is essential to a healthy development and cause a positive therapeutic movement in
a therapy.
I find this condition; the very definition of humanity. Our species have a rare capability to
understand each other, however many of us hardly use it. It requires putting the others first, demands
to put our feelings and emotions aside. We are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In many cases, clients show signs of disbelief and sometimes even aggression towards their
therapist. The reason for that is conditional love most of us have experienced in a lifetime. This is
called; conditions of worth, since we were little children we have been told or shown that to deserve
acceptance and love we have to behave in a certain way ( e.g. Be good, patient, obedient, confident,
etc.)We are convinced that we have to be worthy of love. For most of us adults other people's
perception is very important and in many cases can even define a person. Being so used to seeing
myself through other people's eyes, being judged for what I do or have done, Unconditional Positive
Regard appears to me as almost impossible to believe. I do think that it is possibly also client's
attitude. That disbelief; that the therapist can put aside whatever I have done and see me as a worthy
person for who I am, even If I do not believe in me; probably take a while to disappear and change
into trust.
Rogers said that every one of us has within himself desire to change in a positive direction. I assume
that he meant and believed that goodness is our natural aspiration. I fully agree with him no matter
how unrealistic and ideal it might seem. If we, learning how to be a counsellor, will understand how
to be able to accept another person, regardless of their past, negative attitude or defensiveness we
will then

In Regards To Tyrone Research Paper
In Regards to Tyrone Tyrone is not a city in fact it is far from it. Living in Tyrone means everyone
knows everyone, you better at least eat Jenos once a week and you must know every world to
Tyrone by Jason Gold. Living here as done so much more for me than just shaping where I eat who I
know and what I listen to, this town has shaped my life and has made me who I am today. In what
city is there ever going to be a Jeep squad? A club made solely around going out and getting your
vehicle muddy and seeing how many things you can climb with that vehicle. No, this is not
something that every town needs to survive but it certainly shows what kind of kids this town raises.
We are the kids who go out on Saturday nights not to stay at a friends

Choices with Regard to the Process of Consumption
Consumer choice refers to the decisions consumers make when considering the products and
services they want to purchase. Presently, in this post–industrial society, many analysts believe that
social strata in many parts of the world have led to the emergence of "consumer society" (Smart, B
2014). Reasons for this are because individuals are being portrayed as having a wide range of choice
as they are being presented with a wide range of products and services.
As Ellis at al. (2012) notes, privatization of production and distribution of goods and services have
expanded the way consumers can access them, and therefore, there are increased consumer choices.
However, there are arguments that in some cases, consumers have not been provided with adequate
positions to exercise their true choices on goods and services and therefore, which is leading them to
make passive choices in regards their process of consumption. Some arguments assert that
consumers are becoming more and more actively involved in their buying and consumption
processes, especially in this age when people are more enlightened.
Arguments for Active and Passive Consumption
The Concept of Number of Options
Iyengar and Leper (2000) state, that current psychological theories confirm that individuals become
motivated when making choices individually. They refute the widely believed notion that people
will be willing to make wise and precise choices when flooded with many options. When people are
offered with fewer

High Risk Clients or Industries in Regards to PEP's
Please answer to the following question. Please use as mandatory the attached material as source
and the website mentioned below. Please write around 160 words for question 1) Who are High risk
clients/industries; in regards to PEP's? High–risk clients who are willing to take the risk of the
"derivatives", "callable range accruals", "soft knock in knock out forwards", "reverse convertible
with floor" and "alpha returns that are robust in bull, bear and flat markets" and other such packets
devised by banks and financial institutions. The objective of these packets is to lure in investors. The
high risk clients were also those willing to procure the following: Interest rate linked notes where
floating interest rates could be exchanged for fixed interest rates and vice versa. Equity linked notes
– where investors could capitalize the price movement of underlying stocks. Foreign exchange and
commodity linked notes –where investors could capitalize on the fluctuating cost of underlying
currencies or commodities (e.g. gold, silver, sugar and oil). Hybrid linked notes –where the investor
could combine a number of instruments. Credit linked notes 2) Who do PEPs pose a threat to?
Structured packages can be used ethically and in a helpful way, but they can also be misused
contributing to financial meltdowns when they fall in the wrong hands. All these packets pose a
threat to low–risk small business investors – retail customers – who are ignorant of the underlying
risks

Life Regard Model
In this study, we investigated the relationship between life regard, perceived social support, HIV
symptom load, forgiveness and optimism. We hypothesized that life regard, perceived social support
and forgiveness would positively correlate with optimism, people who reported HIV symptoms
would be less optimistic than people without HIV related symptoms and that our independent
variables accounted for a significant proportion of variance in optimism. Our results support these
hypotheses, except for a significant difference in optimism between people who reported HIV
related symptoms and those without. Our findings are consistent with current literature regarding the
relationships between positive constructs such as meaning in life, social support, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
We recruited participants from HIV/AIDS service organizations in the Dallas/Ft. Worth Metroplex.
These organizations primarily provide support for people of lower socioeconomic status and our
sample reflects this restriction in range of demographics. Self–report bias may influence participant
responses. We did not identify patterns within our missing data. Nonetheless, some participants did
not answer all items. To manage this, we used multiple imputation method of missing data
management to replace missing values. Our study is a cross–sectional correlational design, therefore
causation cannot be

Infants: Self-Regard For Newborn Children
Infants Self–regard for newborn children is fed by taking care of essential needs what's more,
building a feeling of trust. At the point when babies cry, they are telling you that they are eager,
languid, chilly, wet, or forlorn. The way you react to those requirements tells your child a
considerable measure. Babies should be held also, snuggled. They require grown–ups to talk, sing,
and play with them. At the point when essential needs are met, babies add to a solid feeling of trust
what more, security is. The way in which needs are met additionally sends messages. Folks who
encourage their children just to calm them send a distinctive message than those who additionally
interface with their children to make eating a wonderful experience.

The Is The Ethical Foundation Of Any Form Of Professional...
A principle put to paper over 2,000 years ago and credited to Hippocrates; nonmaleficence has
become the ethical foundation of any form of professional treatment in the modern age (Edelstein,
1943). Although boundary crossing has risks I believe the capacity to do harm in this case hinges on
the competence of the counselor. As I read I came to the conclusion intentional self–disclosure is an
art that must be mastered. The well–being of the client is the primary consideration, however, there
are also considerations of timing, the developmental need of the client, and the counselor's ability to
craft a disclosure that leaves no room to open additional doors. Although it may be counterintuitive
disclosing one's orientation to someone who feels alone in their sexuality does have possible
negative consequences. An emotionally vulnerable client who is struggling with being gay may
develop an attraction to a therapist who shares their orientation and is the same sex. If the counselor
is not attuned to this development the client could confuse the counselor's disclosure with their
availability or receptiveness to the attraction. A therapist who discloses but is not aware of an
attraction that is developing, meaning it goes unprocessed, has tremendous potential to do damage in
the context of therapy. Additionally, if the therapist is taken by surprise and rejects the advances of a
vulnerable client without care it could have unintentional detrimental effects on the counselor–client

Unconditional Positive Regard
In a therapist role I know how important unconditional positive regard is. So, if it is possible for
therapists to experience unconditional positive regard towards clients, what would be the best way
to express this to a client? Is it in what you say? Would it be appropriate to say, "I accept you
completely and totally as the person you are"? Or "I value you as a whole person no matter what
you've done." This would be the direct approach but could this lead to problems because expressing
too much positive regard could be overwhelming to clients? Is it in your persona, your body
language, and your expressions to show your openness? Clients may react by wanting to break down
therapy boundaries. If they are hearing such positive, loving statements

Therapeutic Relationship
The most important aspect within any support environment for a bereaved person to have with the
other (or within a group) is trust and a slow but sure build up of a strong, steady terapeutic
relationship, where challenges can be given and reflected on as a discussion point rather than a
conflict or dissonance to be solved – a useful therapeutic tool.
Space and time to discuss the past and to come to terms with the way things are should not be
rushed in the therapy room, or elsewhere, as it can and will invalidate, and as it is important that
within this reminiscence that feelings are identified and worked through at a client–led pace whilst a
more realistic picture of the person's life and connection to the survivor is given form whilst looking
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Elements of cognitive behaviour therapeutic approaches I believe are useful: especially giving
clients elements of self care and 'homework' – mood journals for one, letters to the deceased for
another and mindfulness–based practices all help to equip emotional well–being for a survivor
posttherapy.
Communal / support groups are always useful to signpost to and with the rise of Death Cafes

In Regards To The Daca And Dapa Programs, President Obama
In regards to the DACA and DAPA programs, President Obama spoke about the U.S being a "nation
of immigrants", referencing the country's long history of immigration. In her book, Small Strangers,
historian Melissa R. Klapper maintains that U.S. history is a story of foreign–born youth and
children of immigrants. She says: "As both real people and symbols, turn–of–the–century immigrant
children played a vital role [in the] unprecedented productivity and economic growth of their
country." Immigrant youth have been uniquely affected by immigration policies in the U.S. An
overview of our country highlights the neglected presence of young immigrants in some of the most
significant eras of immigration.
President Harry Truman signed into law the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Young people actively took part in these wars through forced and voluntary conscription, and fled in
search of safety.
There was a record number of unaccompanied child migrants from Guatemala, Honduras, and El
Salvador apprehended at the U.S.–Mexico border the summer of 2014. These young people hoped to
flee from violence, and poverty affecting their countries. This wave of migrants garnered a lot of
attention due to the fact that in the first half of 2014, more than 57,000 children arrived in the U.S.
This was more than twice the number of arrivals as the ones that made it to the U.S.–Mexico border
in all of the fiscal year of 2013.
Migrant children over the years have have made up and continue to make up a large portion of the
influxes of people to this country. In spite of this and the and unique problems of immigrant
children, immigration law and procedure is as absent of a child–centered structure as our history is.
History and law pay little attention to the immigrant child's voice and future. An unique exception of
this is that many unaccompanied migrant children in the U.S. can gain permanent residency through
a Special Immigrant Juvenile visa. This is the only child–centered form of immigration relief in
existence in our country. Created in 1990, SIJ status allows petitioners who have been abused,
neglected, or abandoned to obtain permanent residence. This status is achieved

Unconditoinal Positive Regard Pros And Cons
Blog 2
Unconditional positive regard – a concept developed by the late psychologist Carl Rogers back in
the 1960's. Unconditoinal positive regard is to accept and respect others without judgement and I
would argue a determining factor in the rapport building process; it is a key element of our work as
therapists, both 'in the office' and out in the field of our adventure therapy programs.
As Will recently mentioned in a previous blogpost, 'uncondtional positive regard and genuine
warmth are the best relationship building tools we have.' As research strongly suggests, relationship
factors (alliance) between therapist and client make up to 30% of the key elements for positive
outcomes. Studies also suggest that a huge number of people report

What Should Be Done Without Regard
"Things without all remedy should be done without regard; what's done is done" This quote nicely
captures our cultural unquestioned belief about regret that states that lamenting what has already
occurred is foolish and that it is better to simply move on and forward. The initial thought when
hearing this quote is that it is an admirable philosophy that people should follow, however, that is
until I tell you who said it and in what context. This quote was spoken by Lady Macbeth convincing
her husband to stop feeling sorry about murdering people. Maybe not a role model after all. I believe
that instead of forgetting, it is important for people to remember the regret they felt in these
instances, so they can make better decisions in the future.
An experience deeply embedded in my memory was my very traumatic first time at an amusement
park. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I can undo, unfriend, delete, unfollow, erase, but what I cannot fix is what has already happened.
And I think the idea of no control over the outcome scares me, but I have to face the hard reality of
it which is that there is no delete button in real life. That was the basis of my regret. The thought of
not having control over what would happen to me on that rollercoaster ride horrified me. Yet I was
angry with myself for not going on it. After this experience I pushed it out of my mind, completely
believing in what society has drilled into my head, which is that people should forget the past and
focus only on the future. However I have come to learn that ignoring that regret is worse. I think it is
important to acknowledge it's existence. Actually, not being able to feel regret is a characteristic of
those with brain damage. To refuse to feel remorse is almost like self–diagnosing yourself as
mentally insane. Therefore in order to live a fully functional and humane life full of emotion, I
believe that people need to learn to live with regret, not without

Four Immeasurable Minds
The Four Immeasurable Minds 1. Mental Training (p. 41–46) Mental training is required of all
therapists, and this concept reaches beyond a set of techniques special to the therapy field. Mental
training also includes the practice of being mindful, and the practice of the Four Immeasurable
Minds. The certain therapy techniques learned, mindfulness, and the Four Immeasurable Minds all
lead to a presence that is necessary for a therapeutic relationship. This presence takes great training
and practice. 2. Learning to be a Therapist (p. 38) One crucial element to establishing a therapeutic
relationship is listening; listening without judgment, with acceptance, and with receptivity. A
therapist should not be judgmental, and listening should ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Equanimity is not about indifference, but is about evenness. Equanimity is also about empathy, but
not losing ourselves in others' emotions, and learning the correct way to react to others and their
emotions. Zen and the Buddhist Tradition 1. The Eightfold Path (p. 359) The Eightfold Path consists
of eight components that lead to the dissolution of both of dissatisfaction, as well as cravings. The
Eightfold Path leads to a way of living that is mindful, and can lead to enlightenment. The Eightfold
Path can be broken into three categories. The first category is ethical conduct, the second is mental
discipline, and the third is wisdom. Each of these aspects is essential to therapy, and none comes
without practice. Each requires great mental training. 2. Social Interactions (p. 371–372) Buddhist
teachings show that the Buddha–nature is in everyone, and we have the ability to find and utilize
this nature. We can practice our Buddha–nature through social interactions, where we do not judge
people, yet understand them, and offer compassion and help. Being nonjudgmental is a crucial
element to our Buddha–nature and our social interactions. Offering our understanding of a person in
need will help that person more than anything

Kottler's Statement Analysis
In view, Kottler's statement may be perceived in a positive perspective. According to Kottler (2017),
the lies that counselors may tell themselves are not terrible self–deceptions but rather strategies that
allow us to work in a field (Kottler, 2017). Interestingly, a counselor would tend to think that, in
general, all individuals are good people, even if it may be at times self–deceptive. Counselors must
have an open mindset to have the ability to counsel clients. Therefore, a therapist will find and
encourage genuineness in a therapeutic relationship, build rapport with their clients as well as create
therapeutic interventions that may produce positive outcomes. For example, a counselor may
assume a self–fulfilling prophecy about a client

Ethical Framework, Limits of Proficiency and the...
ETHICAL FRAMEWORK, LIMITS OF PROFICIENCY AND THE LIMITATIONS ON
COUNSELLORS COMPARED TO OTHER PROFESSIONS THAT USE COUNSELLING
SKILLS. The Ethical Framework is made up of rules and regulations within which Counsellors and
Psychotherapists strive to achieve in order to attain a high professional standard. It protects client
and counsellor and compounds values, principles and personal moral qualities for counsellors to
work alongside in order to achieve the highest standard of counselling for clients. These include
safety, record keeping, confidentiality and issues such as prejudice, transference. It also requires that
at the start of every new counselling relationship a clear contract is set up between the counsellor
and the client. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Counsellors are required to have adequate training and supervision to help maintain them
throughout their professional lives. Counsellor must be respectful of their professional position and
remain loyal to their clients. Although someone who uses counselling skills will utilise the same key
concepts and principles, such as empathy and unconditional positive regard, they are less likely to
belong to, and be bound by, a professional body such as the British Association for Counselling and
Psychotherapy (BACP). When we look at other professions like social workers, housing officers, the
emergency services, the police and priests who utilise counselling skills we realise that some of the
key concepts that are fundamental to the counselling profession are not their main priority. If such
people were to introduce themselves as counsellors their clients may be under the impression that
such things as confidentiality will be upheld. An example is the work of doctors, social workers,
nurses and carers, in these types of professions advise is given to the client as to what to do and
what not to do, medication is administered to the client whereas in the case of counselling especially
with

In Regard To The Scenario Given In The Case Study On...
In regard to the scenario given in the case study on increasing overweight and obesity cases in
Nueva Luna, I would propose a nutrition and healthy living promotion program which would be
implemented in the county. The main goal of this program is to reduce and prevent obesity and
overweight levels in the community of Nueva Luna. This goal would be achieved through
implementation of activities that promote improvements in nutrition, physical activities and support
a good environment. The model that would be used in ensuring that as many people as possible
benefit from this program will ensure that the focus is given to the individual, interpersonal,
organizational, community and policy formulation levels. This will give a comprehensive ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that they do not have enough facilities and most probably the quality of care is poor. I
will, therefore, ask for their views on this to know whether they would want the numbers of health
facilities added.
I will also assess whether they get quality medical services from the two facilities. Additionally, I
will find out if they had ever participated in health promotion and awareness programs organized by
the facilities. Assessing these issues will help me understand the issues that could have been
contributing to the increase in overweight and obesity levels. I plan to assess the above issues by
holding community forums, interviews, surveys and focus groups with the people of Nueva Luna so
that they can get a chance to express their concerns about the named issues. This will involve the
formulation of questions, which will be used as data collection tools.
2. Phase 2
In phase 2 I will assess the epidemiology of the problem. This means assessing the possible causes
of the increase in obesity and the related effects to the community and to individuals. This will be
done through research because this will help in understanding the attributing factors for each
individual. The information can be collected through focused discussions with the community
members. I will also conduct interviews in several parts of the county in

What Is Honor To Regard With Great Respect
Honor is to regard with great respect. My definition of honor is someone you may look up to that
sets good examples. Bill was born on November 27, 1955 in Washington D.C. His parents are
Edwin and Jacquelene Nye. His early life consisted of both of his parents being in World War 2, his
mother was a codebreaker and his dad was held in a Japanese prisoner of war camp and had no
electricity for 4 years and later became a sundial enthusiast. He went to college at Cornell
University where he studied mechanical engineering and got a Bachelor of Science degree. He has
made several discoveries and inventions, one of which was a hydraulic pressure resonance
suppressor that is still used in the Boeing 747. He also had his own show called Bill Nye The

Diazepam In Regards To Chronic Use: A Case Study
Cultural and Physiology Implications of Diazepam in Regards to Chronic Use
Across the Asian Community Every person metabolizes medications at different rates due to a
variety of factors and only some factors can the exact explanation for observed differences between
racial groups. When looking at psychoactive drugs, such as Diazepam, ethnical differences in
consumption can be seen by observations of how the dug is metabolized. The genetic difference of
rate of metabolism helps explain why consumption of a psychoactive drug affects individuals with
different ethnic backgrounds differently. As more interest in the area of Ethnic Psychopharmacology
in research suggests, individuals have been found based upon their ethnic background to respond
differently to psychotropic medication. For an example: "groups of Asian patients have been shown
to be "poor metabolizers" of certain drugs and often require lower dosages to achieve desired
therapeutic effects" (Pharmacology and the Nursing Process, 2016). When pointing out ethnical
differences it is important to remain aware of cultural bias and racism. Finding the truth can ... Show
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This medication is no longer considered the most common prescribed drug. Diazepam can be used
"for the relief of anxiety, management of alcohol, reversal of status epileptics, preoperative sedation,
and as an adjunct for the relief of skeletal muscle spasms" (Pharmacology and the Nursing Process,
2016). Diazepam is rapidly absorbed and this medications' half–life can be anywhere from 10 on up
to 100 hrs. Depending on several factors such as metabolic changes, kidney/liver problems, dosage
of the medication, frequencies with which it is taken can in turn cause slower rates to eliminate from
the body. Some side effects of Diazepam include dizziness, drowsiness, irritability, and nausea and
muscle

Globalization in Regard to Worldwide Equality
Globalization in regard to worldwide equality Introduction Globalization has changed much about
the way that people perceive the world and it influenced individuals to express less interest in ideas
like nationalism and borders. Even with this, one is likely to observe that these two concepts can be
considered responsible for the deaths of hundreds of millions of people throughout history, thus
meaning that globalization can practically be considered an idea that directly contradicts nationalism
and borders. It is surely difficult to determine whether or not globalization has had a positive effect
on the world, but when looking at matters from the perspective of developing countries experiencing
rapid progress one might be inclined to assume that it would only be safe for him or her to claim that
the process has actually led to greater global equality. Globalization as a confusing concept Many
fail to have a clear understanding of globalization and what it entails. This is largely owed to the fact
that society largely promotes globalization as a process that is going "to overcome hunger, poverty,
and deprivation" (Munck, 1). In contrast, other believe that it is actually responsible for many of the
problems that the contemporary social order is experiencing. All things considered, people need to
acknowledge that the matter is very complex and that refrain from thinking that it is not actually
problematic to analyze the matter. This process does not only involve

The Letter 'G' In REGARDS Represents Gender Discrimination
The letter "G" in REGARDS represents gender discrimination. The law says that men and women in
the workplace should be treated equally. Unless the woman is pregnant, or close to giving birth, or
just gave birth, she should be granted some rights that men do not have. For example, if women
models are needed to model a new line for women clothing. The hiring process can be strictly
towards women for the position (Robinson, 2013, p. 29). This situation is called bona fide
occupational qualification or (BFOQ). If there is a job that qualifies a lot of upper body strength,
such as lifting heavy boxes loading or unloading trucks a woman should receive the same treatment
and pay in the position that a man would on the job. If a man wanted to

Description Of Person Centered Theory
Lien Hua a sixteen year old first generation Chinese American. Hua came to the school social work
counselor complaining of feeling stressed. Hua explained that she is interested in pursuing social
work when she goes away to college, however, her parents would like her to either practice
medicine or law. She reported that just thinking of talking to her parents regarding her career choice
is causing her immense stress. As a result of the stress she reports that her grades have dropped and
she is socializing less. Hua has requested that the school social worker tell her what to say to her
parents to help them understand her choice.
Overview of Person–Centered Theoretical Approach
Person–Centered Theory (PCT) was cultivated by Carl Rogers from the 1940's through the 1950's
(Walsh, 2013). He first developed person–centered therapy, infusing Functional and Humanistic
views, consequently, person–centered theory followed. Rogers' authored four books expounding on
the therapy (Walsh, 2013). Person Centered Theory is a nondirective humanistic client–centered
approach, which regards the client and the social worker as contemporaries (Joseph & Murphy,
2013). The client is the authority on their life and the social worker is there to offer unconditional
positive regard, which fosters growth in sections that are important to the client (Joseph & Murphy,
2013)". The primary theoretical underpinning embraced by the theory is embodied in actualizing
tendency, which Rogers' viewed as

Policing in Regards to Race, Gender and Ethnicity
In the United States the issue of Policing in regards to race, gender and ethnicity has been an
ongoing reform in which state and local legislatures have been dealing with as of recent years.
Although there have been legislation on equal opportunity, the primary significance in promoting
equality has been the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Rights Act is a federal legislation, which in
part bars discrimination based on race or gender. Employers from local and state agencies are all
affected by this legislation. To enforce and see that the legislation is carried out accordingly, the
government created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. However, prior to the Civil
Rights Act, we take a look back into the historical overview of policing within the United States.
Policing in America is a transplant of English heritage policing model. During the early colonial
times, formal police departments had yet to have been created. Over time outbreak social disorder
and crime erupted causing for a more formal police to model. Formal policing model began to arise
in the late 1800's and leaders at the time attempted to reduce control of the police by politicians. As
the 20th century rolled in, the focus began to latch closely on the thought of policing to be an actual
professional force. Ultimately, as time progressed so did reforms to change the directive of police
department policies. The reforms came at a time where police officers

The Importance Of Creating A Comfortable Context
1) I take responsibility for creating a comfortable context in which to communicate. I arrange for the
client's comfort. Within the role play session of providing drop–in counselling to a client I took
responsibility of the setting. Prior to when the client arrived to the session, I as the counsellor took
the time to prepare the space which was set to be intimate, personal, comforting, inviting, and non–
distracting. To create this type of space I provided large chairs for the clients comfort with a proper
amount of distance between the chairs to be intimate and personal without infringing on a personal
boundary. The chairs were purposely situated to be facing each other for easier communication, and
sight to watch for emotions, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I showed my client I was genuinely interested and authentic by explaining to her my role at the
resource center and how I was there to sit and speak with her regarding herself. I was genuine by not
using authority over the client and creating a power struggle however instead was attentive and
responsive to the needs that benefited the client. Furthermore I am an empathic person and presented
that to the client throughout the session. Empathy was presented by understanding the client's
thoughts, feelings and meaning of their own experiences and perspectives. It was further shown with
genuineness by checking I fully understood the client's experiences and perspectives and was not
wrong in that understanding, showing counselor wanted to be able to have the shared understanding
and empathetic approach with the client. By doing this and showing the client that I wanted to
perceive the world from their point of view I showed with empathy that her view had value and that
I was accepting of her.
3) I focus my attention by filtering out my own "noise" (physiological and psychological) and
"tuning in" to the client. Counsellor focused attention onto client by filtering out "noise" which is a
disruption or distraction that could have interfered with the transmission and interpretation of
information during the communication processes. Physiological noise that had to be filtered out as a
counsellor during this session was a

The Core Elements of Person-Centered Counseling
Person–centered counseling (PCC) is one of the key models of understanding for the dynamic force
that lies behind the therapist/client relationship. This particular model focuses on the three core
elements of unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding and congruence, all of which
related to the establishment of a level of trust, understanding, respect and honesty between the two
players. But what happens when the domain of "person–centered counseling" gets usurped by a
"computer–centered reality"?
Can there really be person–centered counseling in the day and age of digital manipulation and
engagement? What does it mean when gaming addictions are a leader on the scoreboard of issues of
concern to many young people? And if there can be an equivalent contemporary model, what are the
implications of this for the use of the kinds of therapeutic interventions that are likely to be the best
for dealing with problem computer usage?
This paper provides a brief overview of the three core elements of the PCC model and then seeks to
explore how they are likely impacted by the evolution of the fast–paced realities of computer and
technological immersion. Clients and therapists are already finding themselves engaged together on
many fronts in the dynamic universe of cyberpsychology where the rules about what is real or ideal
and how human perceptions of these transfer to real life are just beginning to be understood.
First, however, it needs to be recognized that this

Person Centered Theory Analysis
Description of Person–Centered Theory
The Humanistic and Existential Theory I selected Person–Centered theory. The Person–centered
approach was established in the 1940s by Carl R. Rogers. Carl Rogers' established this theory to
prove that a client hold the key to their recovery (ADPCA, 2011). This approach is considered to
change clients prospective and facilitate growth by developing a positive counseling/client
relationship. Once the relationship is achieved, in the process analyze the reality of who they are as
an Individual and receive acceptance. This contributes to the positive forces of the client and a
client's self–actualizing core (ADPCA, 2011). "Person–centered approaches reflect what the client
feels, to overcome resistance ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Executive Producer, Inc., 2012). She was trying to find perfection in an imperfect world and her
voice allowed her to put herself down. She pointed out that she began exercising with Tom and her
obsession of cleaning which relaxed her (Laureate Education, Inc., 2012). Counseling gave her a
therapeutic alliance to realize her anxiety. She learned that it stemmed from she mixed feelings of
guilt and relief about no longer having contact with her mother, not fully grieved over her father's
death, learning through the years to push her feelings deep inside (Laureate Education, Inc.,2012).
Empathetic counseling gives forth genuineness with the focus on your client's needs. It creates
boundaries of time and technique of a very positive and optimistic view of human nature (Rogers,

Unconditional Positive Regard In Psychology Essay
Psychology is all about human minds and how people behave. Psychology today are more based on
social, lifespan development and personality. There are several parts of psychology, which
individuals are more likely to involvement such as, unconditional positive, conformity and
personality parenting styles. Unconditional positive regard is in roger's theory that based on the
child's sense of being unconditionally loved and valued even if a child, do not conform to the
standards and expectation of others. For example, when I was babysitting a child, I was able to
disagree of child's specific behavior without completely refusing the child himself. As a babysitter, I
said to a child that I love her, nevertheless I cannot do what she like because it is not good behavior.
The reason that this is an example of unconditional positive regard it is because the objectifying
tendency is fully operational and she makes selections that move her in the way of greater growth
and fulfillment of potential. According from Rogers, he believes that it is through consistent
knowledge of unconditional positive regard that one develop a psychologically healthy and fully
functioning person. Moreover, this was the only way which the child's vital sense of self–worth can
continue intact. Conformity is the tendency to regulate one's behavior, attitudes, or beliefs to group
norms in reply to real or imagined group pressure. For instance, in fall 2016, I was taking a
mathematic course and our professor

Young Children In Regards To Vaccination
Solutions to Handling Young Children in Regards to Vaccination Parents and professionals agree
that immunization times have changed because of questions asked about children vaccines.
Professionals remain most trusted source of information about vaccines. Professionals and parents
personal relationship helps parents in understanding and choosing vaccinations. Nevertheless, infant
health evaluation from time to time is important since it helps professionals to advise parents on
what to expect in the coming months. Therefore, time to talk about vaccines is stressful, but when a
child is ready to receive vaccines, nothing is more paramount than making the time to assess the
parents' information requirement as well as the impact they make in ... Show more content on
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These programs represent a low risk investment in human capital development with verified impact.
These methods are highly cost effective and have significant economies of scale and can
comfortably be supported by developing economies. Vaccination is one of the few preventive public
health measures that directly save economy money. In developing economies the cost per year of
immunizing children against infectious diseases is equivalent to the cost of a single day of health
care in the United States of America. Also, lack of vaccination result in immense economic costs, as
responding to outbreak is highly costly affair for the health department. For instance, an outbreak in
2008 that occurred in San Diego resulted in a total cost of 176,980 dollars incurred by the health
department. Another, outbreak in the same year involving several hospitals attracted a cost of
800,000 dollars to contain the outbreak (Kutty et al., 2013). Not vaccinating children incurs parents
as well as the health department their time and money, along with the adverse effects of the

Carl Rogers 3 Core Conditions Analysis
Carl Rodgers '3 core conditions' are basically attitudes that the counsellor displays that show
acceptance of the client, valuing them as a human being of worth. Offering empathy is very
important in counselling, counselling skills and any other forms of helping. This is because by
making efforts to be there with and for the person/client, trying to see how they feel about things and
how they sees things etc. Also, having an accepting manner can make a significant impact on how
successful your counselling is. By remaining un–shocked, whatever the client brings and being non–
judgemental no matter how much the client's/person's behaviour surprises or appals you. This can be
done by offering unconditional positive regard (UPR). This means maintaining respect for the
person, though not always condoning the behaviour. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rogers made a distinction between unconditional positive regard and conditional positive regard.
And lastly, summarizing is important for every counsellor. It condenses and crystallises the full
meaning of what the client is saying and feeling. Summaries usually cover a longer time period than
a paraphrase Where reflecting back" whereas paraphrasing can be used after a few sentences. A
summary may be used after some time: perhaps half–way through a counselling session, or near the
end of a counselling session. The other core condition of Rodger's theory is known as congruence,
this means the counsellor is genuine and real. This condition is important as it allows the client to
build a trusting relationship with the counsellor. The counsellor's congruence also can help defeat
negative attitudes or conditions of worth that others may have placed on the client; perhaps someone
has said to them that they are ugly, fat or stupid. The counsellor's warm and genuine approach
allows the client to feel valued, which in turn builds self–esteem and trust in their own

The Theoretical Principles of Person Centre Counselling
The theoretical principles of Person–Centred theory and it's application in practice. The work shall
emphasise the significance of the six necessary and sufficient conditions for therapeutic change in
particular, the three core conditions. A critical analysis of the efficacy of the approach will be carried
out with some critical evaluation of the researched arguments for and against the effectiveness of
Person Centred Counselling.
The common conception of human beings sees them as unsocialized, irrational and destructive to
themselves and others. The client–centred point of view sees people as basically forward thinking,
rational and social. Antisocial emotions such as hostility and jealousy are not seen as aspects of
human nature ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Conditions of worth are imposed upon us by society. The individual will value experience a s
positive or negative solely because of the conditions of worth that have been imposed upon them
and not because of whether or not the experience enhances the organism . The developing self will
grow and actualize itself but because the self contains the introjected evaluations of others it may
grow in a different direction from the organism.
Positive self regard
A Positive self image which is no longer dependant on the attitudes of others.
Internal and external locus of evaluation
This refers to how much you value yourself from the inside "internal locus of evaluation" and how
much you need to be valued by others "external locus of evaluation".
The six necessary and sufficient conditions
Rogers emphasised six necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change.
Rogers(1957) writes: "For constructive personality change to occur, it is necessary that these
conditions exist and continue to exist over a period of time: (1) Two persons are in psychological
contact. (2) The first who we shall term the client, is in a state on incongruence, being vulnerable or
anxious. (3) The second person whom we shall term the therapist, is congruent or integrated in the
relationship. (4) The therapist

Theory Of Counseling And The Therapy Process
Theories of counseling are basic tools used in the therapy process. An interesting component of
these tools is the person–centered therapy. The person–centered theory was founded by Carl Rogers
on the belief there is good in all human beings. Rogers 's person–centered therapy is among the most
influential and widely employed techniques in modern U.S. clinical psychology (Grant, 2015).
Rogers believed with caring nurturing care the client could work out their issues. Additionally
person–centered theory maintains the idea that the iniquities that the client is experiencing is from
their own surroundings. This therapy considers it necessary for the client to be in a conflicting state
for this type of therapy. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The number one component of this therapy is unconditional positive regard. Essentially this means
that the therapist must accept the client without judgement and unconditionally. In person–centered
counselling, it is crucial that the client is allowed to express and explore the positive or negative
sides of themselves without fear of rejection. The second component is empathic understanding.
Empathetic understanding signifies that the therapist perfectly comprehends the client's feelings and
thoughts from the clients own viewpoint. When the therapist sees what the world is like from the
client's perspective, it bring about feelings of acceptance in the client. And let us not forget the third
component, congruence. This is a very important part of the therapy because it means that the
therapist must be genuine. It is crucial that the therapist be honest and genuine to initiate feelings of
trust in the clients. Many clients can see through a standoffish professional front, so a legitimate
facade in the therapeutic process is highly important. There are certain professionals that appreciate
the benefits of this type of therapy. Person–centered counseling enables the client to feel
comfortable and relaxed around the therapist. Additionally, there is no pressure by the client of
being judged by the therapist, which allows the client to have a less

Almost Conflict In Regard To Richard Dawkins
In a way, I feel almost conflicted in regard to the Richard Dawkins quote. On one hand, I agree very
much with what Dawkins said. When we think about it, it is truly amazing how many possible
"potential people" there are that could be created, yet haven't been yet, or many never be. There is so
much unknown, that, sadly enough, we may never know of. Surely there is a scientist out there that
holds all the answers to life after death, and a playwright with more timely works than Shakespeare.
But still, they all remain a mystery. And, who knows, they may remain that way for a long, long
time; probably longer than you and I combined. And it makes me think: what are we missing out so
greatly on? How simple and basic are our lives now, compared

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