InfoGrafix is a virtual network of GIS professionals and IT companies led by Peggy Wilson as president. They provide Geographic Information Systems consulting services such as GIS systems planning, implementation, production mapping, and database design. InfoGrafix helps customers utilize GIS technology through planning, design, and implementation of GIS solutions to address project challenges cost effectively.

1. WHO ARE WE? WHAT DO WE DO?

2. InfoGrafix, L.L.C. IS Peggy Wilson, PRESIDENT Mickey Campbell, Project Manager A virtual network of GIS professionals and IT companies

3. What Do We Do GIS Systems Planning GIS Implementation Plans GIS Production Mapping GIS Database Design Data Migration and Integration with other major database products

4. What Do We Do InfoGrafix provides Geographic Information Systems consulting services, project management and training for ESRI’s ArcView and ArcGIS Software. With the skills and experience necessary to help customers effectively utilize GIS technology we additionally provide planning, design, and implementation of GIS solutions. InfoGrafix, L.L.C. translates project challenges and issues into cost effective predictable project outcomes. “State-of-the-Art” GIS tools and quality service oriented people make InfoGrafix the right choice for your organization.

5. What is GIS? • Geographic Information System Definition • What can GIS really do? • GIS Data • Spatial Data Major Elements • Major Types of GIS GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS)

6. GIS A geographic information system is a computerized database management system for capture , storage , retrieval , analysis , and display of spatial (locationally defined) data . G eographic I nformation S ystem National Science Foundation

7. Simplistic View of GIS GIS Maps Tables Maps Linked to Data Spatial Modeling Tools

8. GIS Primary Functions Capture Storage Retrieval Analysis Display Spatial Data

9. What can GIS really do? Thematic Mapping Functional Classification

10. What can GIS really do? Thematic Mapping Treatment Plant Major Interceptors

11. What can GIS really do? Spatial Queries Map to Table Table to Map

12. 11/17/09 2020 What can GIS really do? Spatial Queries - Map to Table To Chart

13. What can GIS really do? Spatial Queries - Table to Map Select the 2 subbasins with greatest increase in flow Display Flow Identify Subbasins

14. What can GIS really do? Data Integration Wastewater Flow Routing Model Data Predicted Overflow Predicted Overloaded Sewers

15. What can GIS really do? Routing and Minimum Path Shortest Path From Water Reuse Sites to the Reclamation T/P Using City Streets

16. What can GIS really do? Routing and Minimum Path Shortest Path from a Water Reuse Site to a Major Distribution Pipe Using City Streets

17. What can GIS really do? Buffering Proposed Water Pipe Contaminated Areas 500 & 1,000 Buffers Problems

18. What can GIS really do? Overlay 1994 Northridge Earthquake Epicenter and after-shock data available to public within 24 hours Epicenter After-shocks

19. What can GIS really do? Overlay 1994 Northridge Earthquake Damage Reports Bridge Damage Damaged Structures

20. What can GIS really do? Distance, adjacency , and Proximity Potential Water Reuse sites in Orange County Sources of reclaimed water

21. What can GIS Really Do? Summary Presentations and thematic mapping Data queries (spatial and tabular) Database integration and updating Routing and minimum path Buffering Point-in-polygons Overlay analysis Distance, adjacency, and proximity

22. GIS Data Structure GIS Maps Tables Maps Linked to Data

23. GIS Data Structure

24. Irregular Tile Boundaries CDOT Region boundaries

25. Spatial Data Value Shape Location Spatial Reference Object’s data, information or description in tables Object’s external surface or outline on a map or drawing Object’s place on a map that represents the real world position Object's relationship to the objects around it

26. Spatial Data Value Object’s data, information or description in tables Stored in a series of related data tables Data linked to object Database managers provide Access Reporting Analytical tools Shape Location Spatial Reference

27. Spatial Data Value Shape Location Spatial Reference Object’s external surface or outline on a map or drawing Graphics approximate the real world feature on a map or drawing. Shape is defined with some simple geometric figures

28. Spatial Data Value Shape Location Spatial Reference Basic geometric figures Points Line 2 or more Points Polygon 3 or more Lines

29. Spatial Data Value Spatial Reference Shape Location Object’s place on a map that represents the real world position Coordinates Map projection Datum

30. Spatial Data Value Shape Object's relationship to the objects around it Location Spatial Reference Two basic methods. Grid or raster structure Topology

31. Spatial Data Value Shape Object's relationship to the objects around it Location Spatial Reference “ Topology is the study of those properties of geometric forms that remain invariant under certain transformations, as bending or stretching...” Random House Unabridged Dictionary

32. Spatial Data Value Shape Object's relationship to the objects around it Location Spatial Reference Topological properties Connectivity Orientation (to and from) Adjacency Containment

33. Two Major GIS Spatial Data Models Raster or grid GIS Vector GIS (points, lines, and polygons)

34. Raster GIS Data Layer Note Grid/Raster Cell Size Rich mixture of data Fuzzy boundaries

35. Vector GIS Spatial features are made up of basic geometric figures composed vectors Points (not a vector) Line or vector (two or more points) Polygons (three or more vectors) Vector GIS (points, lines, and polygons)

36. Vector Data Vector - A starting coordinate, displacement, and direction. Start at first point move to second point

37. Vector GIS Spatial Reference Values - Defined by data attribute linked to each geometric map feature Shape Define from a combination of points, lines, and polygons Each data layer has only one geometric shape type Location - Defined by map coordinates Spatial reference - Provided by the topology maintained by the software

38. Conversion Between Vector and Raster Systems Provided by GIS software provide Some anticipated problems Vector to raster - Lose vector precision Raster to vector - Lose data variability Raster to vector polygons - Boundary distortions

39. Grid GIS provides more data variations and less precise edges. Missing data easily identified. Vector GIS provides better edges and sharp changes in data, however, data is constant for entire area. Data Variation Greater Data Variation Missing Data Sharp Edges Single Value

40. Resource Management Wide variation of data such as vegetation mapping Use with aerial or satellite images Transportation, utilities, land records, marketing applications Network analysis such as a pipe or road network Areas with sharp edges (lot lines) Primary Use Comparisons Raster GIS Vector GIS

41. Shape Location Spatial Reference Value Database Shape Graphics Location Coordinates Map Projection and Datum Spatial Reference Connectivity Orientation Adjacency Containment Spatial Data Summary

42. GIS Data Structure Shape Value Location Spatial Reference Map Projection and Datum Containment Adjacency Orientation Connectivity Database Coordinates Graphics GIS Geographic Information System